Corrosion resistant flexible reflective film for solar energy applications

• US 5,118,540 A
• Filed: 04/23/1990
• Issued: 06/02/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Solar Kinetics, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Solar Kinetics, Inc.
• Inventors: Hutchison, Joseph A.
• Primary Examiner(s): HERBERT JR, THOMAS
• Application Number:
  US07/512,478
• Time in Patent Office: 771 Days
• Field of Search: 428/458, 428/463, 428/913, 428/336, 428/421, 428/343, 428/352, 428/337, 428/174, 428/212, 428/216, 428/40, 427/164, 156/336, 156/326, 156/329, 156/332, 156/330, 350/1.7
• US Class Current: 428/40.7
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 15/09 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/712 Weather resistant
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/714 Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2311/08 Silver
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2327/18 PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2367/00 Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/06 as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/045; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/046; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/12; next to a metal layer B32B15/08; next to a glass layer B32B17/10; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/045; next to a wood layer B32B21/08; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/08; next to a natural or synthetic rubber layer B32B25/08
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/304 comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/322 comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/023 Optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 23/81 flexible F24S23/715, F24S23/745 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/40 Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/1429 Fluorine
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24628 Nonplanar uniform thickness material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24942 including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24975 No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/266 of base or substrate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/28 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2839 : with release or antistick coating
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/3154 : Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31681 : Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31699 : Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Abstract

Highly weather and corrosion resistant flexible reflective films for solar energy applications and lighting reflectors are formed by vapor-depositing silver onto a flexible support sheet, e.g., biaxially oriented polyester film and adherently bonding a protective fluorocarbon film, e.g., poly(vinyl fluoride), poly(vinylidine fluoride), or poly(tetrafluoroethylene), to the surface of the silver distal to the flexible support sheet with a layer of adhesive. Fluorocarbon film is highly optically transmissive to visible, ultraviolet, and/or near infra-red light between about 300-2,500 nanometers, stable to ultraviolet light, impervious to moisture, non-hygroscopic, scratch resistant, and easy to keep clean. The adhesive is highly optically transmissive to light between about 300-2,500 nanometers and stable to ultraviolet light. Chemical corrosion inhibitors and UV absorbers incorporated into the flexible reflective film can increase its resistance to corrosion and degradation by ultraviolet light.

Claims

1. A flexible reflective film comprising in combination:

a flexible polymeric support sheet;

a specularly reflective layer of silver overlaying the surface of the flexible polymeric support sheet, the layer of silver being at least partially reflective to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nanometers;

an adhesive overlaying the surface of the specularly reflective layer of silver opposite to the flexible polymeric support sheet, the adhesive being transparent to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nanometers; and

a fluorocarbon film overlaying and bonded to the surface of the adhesive opposite to the specularly reflective layer of silver, the fluorocarbon film being impervious to moisture, stable to ultraviolet light, and transparent to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nanometers.

2. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the flexible polymeric support sheet is between about 25-75 micrometers thick.

3. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the flexible polymeric support sheet is a biaxially oriented co-extruded composite of polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) comprising:

a first polyester lamina about 12 micrometers thick containing slip agents and hence having a mildly irregular surface to facilitate winding; and

a second polyester lamina about 38 micrometers thick free from slip agents and hence having an optically smooth surface, the specularly reflective layer of silver overlaying the surface of the second polyester lamina opposite to the first polyester lamina.

4. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the flexible polymeric support sheet is another layer of the fluorocarbon film.

5. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the specularly reflective layer of silver is about 1.0-1.5 micrometers thick.

6. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the adhesive is stable to ultraviolet light.

7. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the adhesive contains about 10 wt % UV absorber comprising approximately equal parts of 2-[2'"'"'-hydroxy-3'"'"',5'"'"'-di-(alpha,alpha-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]benzotriazole and 2-(2'"'"'-hydroxy-3'"'"',5'"'"'-ditertiaryamylphenylbenzotriazole.

8. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the fluorocarbon film is about 25-75 micrometers thick.

9. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the fluorocarbon film is a poly(vinyl fluoride).

10. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the fluorocarbon film is a poly(vinylidene fluoride).

11. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein the fluorocarbon film is a poly(tetrafluoroethylene).

12. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein another layer of the fluorocarbon film is bonded with another layer of the adhesive to the surface of the flexible polymeric support sheet opposite to the specularly reflective layer of silver.

13. The reflective film of claim 1 wherein a premask film overlays the surface of the fluorocarbon film opposite to the specularly reflective layer of silver.

14. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein a layer of an adhesive overlays the flexible polymeric support sheet opposite to the specularly reflective layer of silver so that the flexible reflective film may be bonded to the surface of a structure for reflecting light.

15. The flexible reflective film of claim 14 wherein a release liner overlays the surface of the adhesive opposite to the flexible polymeric support sheet.

16. The flexible reflective film of claim 1 wherein a suitable medium containing a corrosion inhibitor is applied to the immediate surface of the specularly reflective layer of silver opposite to the flexible polymeric support sheet, the suitable medium containing a corrosion inhibitor being transparent to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nonometers.

17. The flexible reflective film of claim 16 wherein the corrosion inhibitor consists essentially of a sufficient quantity of mercaptide-type sulfur to bond with a substantial fraction of the available silver atoms when applied at the immediate surface of the silver.

18. The flexible reflective film of claim 16 wherein the suitable medium for the corrosion inhibitor is a layer of the adhesive.

19. The flexible reflective film of claim 16 wherein the suitable medium for the corrosion inhibitor consists essentially of an acrylate paint.

20. A reflector comprising in combination:

a flexible polymeric support sheet;

a specularly reflective layer of silver overlaying the surface of the flexible polymeric support sheet, the layer of silver being at least partially reflective to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nonometers;

an adhesive overlaying the surface of the specularly reflective layer of silver opposite to the flexible polymeric support sheet, the adhesive being transparent to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nonometers;

a fluorocarbon film overlaying and bonded to the surface of the adhesive opposite to the specularly reflective layer of silver, the fluorocarbon film being impervious to moisture, stable to ultraviolet light, and transparent to at least a portion of the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum between about 300-2,500 nanometers; and

a means for attaching the flexible reflective film to a structure for reflecting light.

21. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the means for attaching the flexible reflective film to the surface of the structure for reflecting light is bonding with an adhesive the flexible reflective film to the surface of the structure for reflecting light.

22. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the means for attaching the flexible reflective film to the structure for reflecting light is holding with a vacuum the flexible reflective film in the desired position in the structure for reflecting light.

23. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the reflective surface of the structure for reflecting light is planar.

24. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the reflective surface of the structure for reflecting light is angular.

25. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the reflective surface of the structure for reflecting light is curved.

26. The reflector of claim 20 wherein the reflective surface of the structure for reflecting light is parabolic.