System and method for teaching physical skills

• US 5,184,295 A
• Filed: 10/16/1989
• Issued: 02/02/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 05/30/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ModelGolf LLC
• Original Assignee: Ralph V. Mann
• Inventors: Mann, Ralph V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Envall, Jr., Roy N.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Huntley, David
• Application Number:
  US07/422,015
• Time in Patent Office: 1,205 Days
• Field of Search: 364/410, 364/578, 223/183 R, 434/247, 434/252, 434/256, 434/248, 434/249, 434/250, 434/251, 434/253, 434/254, 434/255, 434/257, 273/186 R, 273/186 C
• US Class Current: 473/221
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2024/0012 Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2102/18 Baseball, rounders or similar games
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2102/32 Golf
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/05 Image processing for measuring physical parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/806 Video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2220/807 Photo cameras
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 24/0003 Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 60/46 Measurement devices associated with golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like for measuring physical parameters relating to sporting activity, e.g. baseball bats with impact indicators or bracelets for measuring the golf swing
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/00 Training appliances or apparatus for special sports training of parachutists B64D23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/0028 for running, jogging or speed-walking movable endless bands A63B22/02
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 69/36 for golf
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 19/0038 Sports
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 482/901 having computer circuitry

Abstract

A system and method for teaching a student physical skills includes a processing module for producing and display a model of the student. The processing module includes a computing module for generating the model. The model has the exact physical dimensions of the student and superiorly performs the skill. A video imaging module captures the movement of the student attempting to perform the skill and generates a video signal for effecting input the processing module. The processing module coordinates the movement of the model with movements of the student and generates a pixel image representation of the model overlayed on the student. The model is generated from a plurality of elite performers capable of superior performance. The model is enhance with superior characteristics of performing the skill, but constrained to human capabilities.

Claims

1. A method for generating a model of superior performance and for teaching a student a physical skill using said model, said method including the steps of:

(a) identifying a number of elite performers for superiorly performing the physical skill;

(b) generating a plurality of video frames of a three-dimensional movement pattern of each elite performer performing the physical skill;

(c) standardizing the frames of the video movement patterns such that a frame corresponds to an equivalent movement pattern for each elite performer;

(d) averaging the equivalent frames of movement patterns of the elite performers for producing an average model representative of an average movement pattern;

(e) sizing each three-dimensional movement pattern of step (b) to the average model for combining the movement patterns of each elite performer; and

(f) averaging the movement patters of step (e) for producing an elite model, and presenting the elite model to the student.

2. The method of claim 1, further including the steps of:

sizing the elite model to the physical dimensions of the student; and

projecting on a video display for observation an image of the elite model accomplishing the skill.

3. The method of claim 2, further including the steps of projecting simultaneously onto the same video display an image representative of the student endeavoring to accomplish the skill.

4. The method of claim 3, further including the steps of:

comparing the image of the student and the elite model'"'"'s image; and

correcting the student'"'"'s position to coincide with the elite model'"'"'s position.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of projecting further includes superimposing the image of the elite model on the image of the student.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the center of gravity of the elite model is balanced for the demands of the physical activity required by the skill.

7. The method of claim 2 further including the steps of recording a video of the student and the elite model for effecting a record of the student performing the skill.

8. The method of claim 2, wherein the physical skill includes the positioning of a piece of equipment by the student and further includes the step of coordinating the position of the equipment between the elite model and student.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the generating step further includes:

recording the three dimensional movement pattern of each elite performer;

digitizing each video frame for each movement pattern and storing the digitized frames in a processing device; and

smoothing the data of the digitizing step to produce a smooth continuous movement pattern.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the standardizing step further includes:

identifying a predetermined number of key positions in the movement pattern for successfully accomplishing the physical skill;

determining the key positions in movement pattern; and

computing a predetermined number of frames between key positions for each elite performer'"'"'s movement pattern, such that each movement pattern generates an equal number of frames for successfully accomplishing the physical skill.

11. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

determining a time value for each frame of the elite model; and

then

computing the velocity and acceleration for the movement pattern of the elite model using the time value.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein each movement patterns averaging step further includes:

identifying a trend in the movement patterns of the elite performers for superiorly performing the physical skill; and

adding the trend to the movement pattern of the elite model for generating an elite model of superior performance.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the trend-identifying step further includes:

statistically determining a trend in the movement patterns of the elite performers such that the elite model represents at least the 99th percentile of the group of the elite performers.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of statistically determining includes:

computing a standard deviation of the trend; and

shifting the elite model a predetermined number of standard deviations in the direction of superior performance.

15. The method of claim 12, further including the steps of:

digitizing a video image of the student and storing displacement data representative of the student'"'"'s physical dimensions in a processing device; and

sizing the superior performance model to at least one physical dimension of the student for generating an individual performance model of the student.

16. The method of claim 15, further including the step of displaying the individual performance model performing the physical skill for teaching the student the physical skill.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of sizing the superior performance model includes the steps of:

centering the student'"'"'s displacement data to a predetermined body location;

determining the center of gravity for the individual performance model;

fitting individual performance model segment sizes to student'"'"'s segment sizes;

adjusting the center of gravity of the individualized performance model to coincide with the superior performance model; and

centering the individualized performance model to said predetermined body location.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the physical skill includes the manipulation of equipment and further including the step of coordinating the manipulation of the equipment by the individual performance model with the manipulation of the equipment by the student for performing the physical skill.

19. The method of claim 1, further including the steps of:

recording a first set of continuous moving images of the student attempting to perform the skill;

generating a second set of continuous moving images of the elite model performing the skill; and

projecting the first and second set of images in synchronized relationship on a display means for comparing the student'"'"'s image to the elite model'"'"'s image.

20. The method wherein the image projecting step of claim 19 further includes the step of:

superimposing the first and second set of images on the same display means.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the elite model is representative of the same physical dimensions of the student.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the elite model has a center of gravity balanced for the demands of the physical activity required by the skill.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the elite model is representative of a superior performance of the skill.

24. The method of claim 23, further including the steps of recording an output of the projecting step.

25. The method of claim 1, further including the steps of:

projecting onto a video display a first moving picture of the action of the student endeavoring to accomplish the skill;

projecting simultaneously on the same video display a second moving picture of the action of an elite model which elite model is accomplishing the same skill and wherein the elite model is scaled to the physical dimensions of the student;

comparing the action of the elite model to the student; and

correcting the student'"'"'s movement to coincide with the elite model'"'"'s movement.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the center of gravity of said elite model is balanced for the demands of the physical activity required by the skill.

27. The method of claim 25 wherein the simultaneous projecting step further includes superimposing the second moving picture on the first moving picture such that the physical dimensions represented by the elite model coincide with the physical dimensions of the student.

28. The method of claim 27, further including the step of coordinating the movement of various parts of the elite model'"'"'s body and the student'"'"'s body while projecting simultaneously the movements on the same video display.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the physical skill includes the manipulation of equipment and the step of coordinating further includes coordinating the manipulation of the equipment by the elite model with the manipulation of the equipment by the student.

30. The model of claim 29 further including the step of superimposing the image of the equipment represented by the elite model to coincide with the image of the equipment by the student.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the physical skill includes the swinging of a golf club.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein the physical skill includes swinging a baseball bat.

33. The method of claim 28, wherein the physical skill includes running.

34. A system for generating a model of superior performance for teaching a student a physical skill, in which a number of elite performers who superiorly perform the physical skill are identified, the system comprising:

(a) means for generating a plurality of video frames of a three-dimensional movement pattern for each elite performer performing the physical skill;

(b) means for standardizing the frames of the video movement patterns such that a frame for each elite performer corresponds to an equivalent movement pattern for the other elite performers;

(c) means for averaging the equivalent frames of movement patterns for all of the elite performers for producing an average model representative of an average movement pattern;

(d) means for sizing each of the three-dimensional movement patterns to the average model, and for combining the movement patterns of all of the elite performers; and

(e) means for averaging all of the movement patterns of the sizing means for producing a model incorporating the patterns of all of the elite performers.