Method for producing injection molded multilayer articles

• US 5,202,074 A
• Filed: 04/11/1991
• Issued: 04/13/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Inventors: Schrenk, Walter J., Shastri, Ranganath K., Ayres, Ralph E., Roehrs, Herbert C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Silbaugh, Jan H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Timm, Catherine
• Application Number:
  US07/684,467
• Time in Patent Office: 733 Days
• Field of Search: 264/73, 264/75, 264/241, 264/245, 264/297.2, 264/328.8, 264/328.12, 264/513, 425/130, 425/132, 425/133.1, 425/133.5, 425/588
• US Class Current: 264/241
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2043/3433 using dispensing heads, e.g. extruders, placed over or apart from the moulds
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2043/3618 plurality of counteracting elements
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2949/0811 Wall thickness
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 43/16 Forging
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 43/203 Making multilayered articles
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 43/361 with pressing members independently movable of the parts for opening or closing the mould, e.g. movable pistons transfer moulding B29C45/02; injection-compression moulding B29C45/561
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 45/16 Making multilayered or multicoloured articles B29C45/0062 takes precedence; feeding colouring materials into the injection unit B29C45/1816
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/0017 combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/07 Flat, e.g. panels
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/08 flexible, e.g. films
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/09 Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/12 Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/18 the components being layers
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/21 the layers being joined at their surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/22 with means connecting the layers, e.g. tie layers or undercuts
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/255 Flow control means, e.g. valves flow dividers B29C48/695
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/335 Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 48/71 for layer multiplication extrusion of multi-component articles B29C48/16
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 49/22 using multilayered preforms or parisons
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 51/14 using multilayered preforms or sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 69/001 : a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts for reinforced material B29C70/545; B29C49/4278, B29C51/268 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 69/02 : of moulding techniques only
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/26 : Scrap or recycled material
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0067 : non-permeable
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2031/565 : for containers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/153 : at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state

Abstract

A method of making a multilayer plastic article by forming a multilayer stream of diverse thermoplastic materials and injection molding the multilayer stream directly into the article. The multilayer stream can be formed by coextrusion of the materials or by coextrusion followed by layer multiplication in one or more interfacial surface generators/static mixers. The coextruded stream, or a multiplied stream from the one or more ISG'"'"'s, can also be divided into substreams and the substreams thereafter recombined prior to being injection molded so that the layers in one such substream are angularly oriented with respect to the layers in another substream.

Claims

1. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, consisting essentially of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of at least first and second diverse thermoplastic materials;

manipulating the first composite stream to form a second composite stream having an increased number of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first and second materials compared to the first composite stream;

directly injection molding the second composite stream into a desired configuration; and

selecting a layer thickness for the layers of the first and second materials in the second composite stream so that at least about 90 percent of the layers are substantially continuous after the second composite stream is injection molded into the desired configuration.

2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manipulating the first composite stream to form the second composite stream comprises:

dividing the first composite stream to form a plurality of substreams collectively comprising an increased number of discrete, generally planar layers of the first and second materials compared to the first composite stream; and

stacking the substreams.

3. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of manipulating the first composite stream to form the second composite stream consists of passing the first composite stream through one or more interfacial surface generators.

4. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the discrete and substantially continuous layers of the first and second materials are substantially evenly distributed across a cross-section of the desired configuration adjacent the critical surface.

5. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein no more than about 10 percent of the layers of the first and second materials adjacent the critical surface have an interfacial surface area to unit thickness ratio of less than about 10 to 1.

6. A method as defined in claim 4, wherein at least the plurality of layers of the first and second materials lying generally parallel to the critical surface have interfacial surface area to unit thickness ratios of at least about 100 to 1.

7. A method as defined in claim 6, wherein at least the plurality of layers of the first and second materials lying generally parallel to the critical surface have interfacial surface area to unit thickness ratios of at least about 1000 to 1.

8. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein the coextruding is carried out intermittently.

9. A method as defined in claim 8, wherein the coextruding is carried out by a reciprocating screw injection process.

10. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, consisting essentially of the steps of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of at least first, second, and third diverse thermoplastic materials in a selected layer order, the selected layer order being characterized by the placement of a layer of the third material between any otherwise adjacent layers of the first and second materials;

manipulating the first composite stream to form a second composite stream having an increased number of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first, second, and third materials and retaining the selected layer order;

directly injection molding the first composite stream into a desired configuration; and

selecting a layer thickness for said first, second, and third materials in the first composite stream so that at least about 90 percent of the layers are substantially continuous after the second composite stream is injection molded into the desired configuration.

11. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, comprising the steps of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar layers of at least first and second diverse thermoplastic materials;

wherein at least one of the first and second materials in the first composite stream comprises less than about 15 percent by volume of the first composite stream; and

injecting the first composite stream into a plurality of mold cavities possessing differing geometries as a part of a multicavity injection molding process;

wherein layers of the at least one material extend fully throughout the plurality of mold cavities and the multilayer articles produced therefrom.

12. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, comprising the steps of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of at least first and second diverse thermoplastic materials;

dividing the first composite stream into a plurality of substreams having discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first and second materials;

combining the plurality of substreams such that a majority of the layers of the first and second materials of one such substream are generally angularly oriented with respect to a majority of the layers of the first and second materials of a second such substream; and

injection molding the generally angularly oriented combined substreams into a desired configuration wherein exposed edges of layers of the first or second, or first and second, materials adjacent at least one critical surface of the article are reduced in number or in extent, or in number and extent compared to an article formed by directly injection molding the first composite stream without the forming and combining of substreams therefrom.

13. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, comprising the steps of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar layers of at least first and second diverse thermoplastic materials;

manipulating the first composite stream to form a second composite stream having an increased number of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first and second materials compared to the first composite stream;

wherein at least one of the first and second materials in the second composite stream comprises less than about 15 percent by volume of the second composite stream; and

injecting the second composite stream into a plurality of mold cavities possessing different geometries as a part of a multicavity injection molding process;

wherein layers of the at least one material extend fully throughout the plurality of mold cavities and the multilayer articles produced therefrom.

14. A method of making a multilayer plastic article, comprising the steps of:

coextruding a first composite stream comprised of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of at least first and second diverse thermoplastic materials;

manipulating the first composite stream to form a second composite stream having an increased number of discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first and second materials compared to the first composite stream;

dividing the second composite stream into a plurality of substreams having discrete, generally planar and parallel layers of the first and second materials;

combining the plurality of substreams such that a majority of the layers of the first and second materials of one such substream are generally angularly oriented with respect to a majority of the layers of the first and second materials of a second such substream; and

injection molding the generally angularly oriented combined substreams into a desired configuration wherein exposed edges of layers of the first or second, or first and second, materials adjacent at least one critical surface of the article are reduced in number or in extent, or in number and extent compared to an article formed by directly injection molding the second composite stream without the forming and combining of substreams therefrom.