Circuit arrangement and method for the regeneration and synchronization of a digital signal

• US 5,251,238 A
• Filed: 08/07/1991
• Issued: 10/05/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 08/07/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alcatel NV (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Alcatel NV (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Preisach, Helmut, Menk, Klaus-Dieter
• Primary Examiner(s): Kuntz, Curtis
• Assistant Examiner(s): VO, DON NGUYEN
• Application Number:
  US07/741,682
• Time in Patent Office: 790 Days
• Field of Search: 375/12, 375/14, 375/18, 375/96, 375/99, 375/101, 375/106, 375/111, 375/118
• US Class Current: 375/355
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0054 Detection of the synchronisation error by features other than the received signal transition by means of signal transition H04L7/033
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/007 detection of error based on maximum signal power, e.g. peak value, maximizing autocorrelation

Abstract

For regeneration and synchronization of a high-bit-rate digital signal, a series circuit of a controllable delay line and a decision logic is traversed by the digital signal. The decision logic contains a sampling circuit, by means of which the digital signal is sampled in the middle of its eye opening.

Claims

1. A circuit arrangement for regenerating an synchronizing a high-bit-rate digital signal y.sub.(n) into a synchronized digital signal x.sub.(n), comprising:

a variable delay line connected to the digital signal y.sub.)n) for generating a series

of time delayed signals for each bit of said digital signal;

a correlation circuit ( 5,7 or 35,37) connected tot he digital signal y.sub.(n), the time delayed signals of the variable delay line, and to the synchronized digital data x.sub.(n), said correlation circuit generating correlation output signals representing the correlation between the synchronized data signal x.sub.(n) and the digital signal y.sub.(n) ;

at least one logic circuit (13;

55;

or

     73) connected to the correlation output signals for evaluating the correlation output signals and generating a control signal which represents the middle of the eye opening between the digital signal y.sub.(n) and the synchronized digital signal x.sub.(n) ; and

a multiplexer (11) connected to the output of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signals from the variable delay line, for generating the synchronized digital signal x.sub.(n) based upon the control signal from the logic circuit.

2. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the correlation is calculated in a serial mode, and wherein the multiplexer comprises:

a first multiplexer (10) connected to the control signal of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signal of the variable delay line, for sampling the digital signal y.sub.(n) at its maximum eye opening based upon the logic circuit output signal, and thereby generating a first output signal, and a second multiplexer (20) connected to the control signal of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signals of the variable delay line, for determining a change in the actual sampling eye, and thereby generating a second output signal; and

wherein the circuit arrangement further comprises;

a least one delay circuit (61,

     63) connected the first ad second output signals for generating time delayed outputs of these first and second output signals;

a third multiplexer (30) connected to the first and second signals and the time delayed outputs of these first and second output signals for generating two outputs; and

wherein the correlation circuit (67) receives the two outputs of the third multiplexer and wherein the logic circuit (73) determines the middle of the eye opening and appropriately activates the first and second multiplexers (10,20) via the control signals generated by the logic circuit.

3. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the correlation circuit comprises:

a plurality of multipliers (5;

35) connected to the time delayed signals and the synchronized digital signal x.sub.(n) ; and

a like plurality of integrators (7;

37) each connected to the output of one multiplier for performing a discrete correlation.

4. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein EXOR gates and counters are used for the multipliers and integrators, respectively.

5. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein the counters are 1-bit counters with overflow.

6. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein to compensate for a bit slip caused by a wander, multiplexer (11) had means for generating two outputs representing the digital signal for the current eye opening and a digital signal for a new eye opening, said new eye opening determined when a bit error occurs due to wander of the eye opening, and wherein said circuit arrangement further comprises a memory (33;

57;

     65) connected to the multiplexer outputs for storing the original and new eye opening digital signals and int urn generating the digital signal x.sub.(n) from the digital signals stored therein.

7. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 6 wherein said multiplexer comprises two multiplexers (MUX 1, MUX2) each connected to the output of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signals from the variable delay line, for sampling the digital signal y.sub.(n) at its original maximum eye opening as well as any new maximum eye opening due to wander, said eye openings determined based upon the logic circuit output signals, said multiplexers generating respective output signals for writing data into the memory (57);

and

two additional multiplexers (MUX 3, MUX

     4) connected to the outputs of said two multiplexers and to the logic circuit output signals so as to vary the length of the memory and generate therefrom the synchronized digital signal x.sub.(n), wherein the memory length is increased if the current digital signal y.sub.(n) is faster than the rate determined by the original eye opening and wherein the memory length is decreased in the current digital signal y.sub.(n) is slower than the rate determined by the original eye opening.

8. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein the correlation is calculated in a serial mode, and wherein the multiplexer comprises:

a first multiplexer (10) connected to the control signal of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signal of the variable delay line, for sampling the digital signal y.sub.(n) at its maximum eye opening based upon the logic circuit output signal, and thereby generating a first output signal, and a second multiplexer (20) connected to the control signal of the logic circuit, the digital signal y.sub.(n), and the time delayed signals of the variable delay line, for determining a change in the actual sampling eye, and thereby generating a second output signal; and

wherein the circuit arrangement further comprises;

at least one delay circuit (61,63) connected the first and second output signals for generating time delayed outputs of these first and second output signals;

third multiplexer (30) connected to the first and second signals and the time delayed outputs of these first and second output signals for generating two outputs; and

wherein the correlation circuit (67) receives the two outputs of the third multiplexer and wherein the logic circuit (73) determines the middle of the eye opening and appropriately activates the first ad second multiplexers (10,20) via the control signals generated by the logic circuit.

9. A circuit arrangement as claimed in claim 6, wherein said memory is a FIFO type memory.

10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein to compensate for a wander of the data signal from a system clock, a new eye opening is chosen as a new sampling point, said new eye opening being determined by means of a correlation.

11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein signals of the delay line which are adjacent to each other are correlated using 1-bit counters as integrators.

12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the correlation is calculated serially and the correlation results for determination of the eye opening as a sampling time are stored in a memory.

13. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

at least one memory is used for bit slip compensation;

new and old data are written into the memory at the same clock time, if the data signal is faster than the system clock; and

data signals x.sub.(n) or y.sub.(n+k) are delayed by a clock period if the data signal is slower than the system clock.

14. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein a memory is used for bit slip compensation, whose length is preferably extended by at least one multiplexer if the data signal is faster than the system clock, and whose length is preferably reduced by at least one multiplexer if the data signal is slower than the system clock.

15. A method as claimed in claim 12, wherein:

at least one memory is used for bit slip compensation;

new and old data are written into the memory at the same clock time, if the data signal is faster than the system clock; and

data signals x.sub.(n) or y.sub.(n+k) are delayed by a clock period if the data s is slower than the system clock.

16. A method as claimed in claim 12, wherein a memory is used for bit slip compensation, whose length is preferably extended by at least one multiplexer if the data signal is faster than the system clock, and whose length is preferably reduced by at least one multiplexer if the data signal is slower than the system clock.

17. A method of regenerating and synchronizing a high-bit-rate digital data signal y.sub.(n) into a synchronized high-bit-rate digital data signal x.sub.(n), comprising the steps of:

receiving the high-bit-rate digital data signal y.sub.(n) and delaying said signal for each bit of said signal into a plurality of time delay signals y.sub.(n+k), where k=0, . . . , L-1, wherein n is a sampling step and L is the number of sampling values;

tapping individual signals x.sub.(n) and y.sub.(y+k) from the delay line;

correlating the tapped signals by discrete correlation in accordance with the equation;

##EQU3## , where N is a positive integer greater than one;

determining the maximum correlation between the signal x.sub.(n) and y.sub.(x+k) ;

receiving the high-bit-rate digital signal y.sub.(n) and the tap delayed signals y.sub.(n+k) in a multiplexer; and

adjusting the output of the multiplexer by the determined maximum correlation so as to generate the high-bit-rate digital data signal x.sub.(n).