Thin film fiber optic sensor array and apparatus for concurrent viewing and chemical sensing of a sample

• US 5,298,741 A
• Filed: 01/13/1993
• Issued: 03/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 01/13/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Trustees of Tufts College
• Original Assignee: Trustees of Tufts College
• Inventors: Bronk, Karen S., Walt, David R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, John R.
• Application Number:
  US08/004,695
• Time in Patent Office: 440 Days
• Field of Search: 250/227.21, 250/227.23, 385/12, 385/13, 356/39, 356/40, 356/41, 128/634, 422/68.1, 422/82.05, 422/82.06, 422/82.07, 422/82.08, 422/82.09, 422/82.11, 435/808, 436/164, 436/172, 436/800, 436/805
• US Class Current: 250/227.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0071 by measuring fluorescence emission
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0086 using infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6471 Special filters, filter wheel
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/7793 Sensor comprising plural indicators
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6428 Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" in vivo A61B5/00; immunoassay G01N33/53
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/7703 using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides using measurement of total internal reflection or attenuated total reflection G01N21/552; optical fibres or waveguides per se G02B
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/80 Indicating pH value
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/06 the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images

Abstract

The present invention provides a unique fiber optic sensor which is able to provide a visual examination of a sample and its surrounding environment concurrent with the ability to conduct chemical sensing and detection of at least one ligand of interest. The present invention also provides apparatus for making precise optical determinations and measurements for the ligand of interest which can be correlated with specific parameter or other ligands for specific applications and purposes.

Claims

1. A fiber optic sensor useful in an apparatus for concurrently viewing the environs of and optically detecting at least one ligand of interest of a fluid sample, said fiber optic sensor being comprised of:

a preformed, unitary fiber optic array comprising a plurality of individually clad, fiber optical strands disposed co-axially along their lengths and having two discrete optic array ends each of which is formed of multiple strand end faces, said preformed, unitary fiber optic array being of determinable configuration and dimensions, said two discrete ends of said preformed, unitary fiber optic array presenting two discrete optic array surfaces for introduction and conveyance of light energy; and

a substantially uniform and uninterrupted thin film comprising at least one light energy absorbing dye positioned over one of said discrete optic array surfaces of said preformed, unitary fiber optic array, said thin film having a thickness ranging from about 1-50 microns, each light energy absorbing dye of said thin film reacting with a ligand of interest in a manner correlatable with an optical determination.

2. The fiber optic sensor as recited in claim 1 further comprising a gradient index lens joined to and optically aligned with one end of said unitary fiber optic array.

3. The fiber optic sensor as recited in claim 1 wherein said thin film comprises at least two different dyes.

4. The fiber optic sensor as recited in claim 1 wherein the wavelength of said light energy absorbed by said dye is selected from the group consisting of infrared, visible and ultraviolet wavelengths.

5. The fiber optic sensor as recited in claim 1 wherein said dye is selected from the group consisting of fluorophores, fluorescent enzyme substrates and fluorescent antibody conjugates.

6. The fiber optic sensor as recited in claim 1 wherein said dye is a chromophore.

7. An apparatus for concurrently viewing the environs of and optically detecting at least one ligand of interest of a fluid sample, said apparatus comprising:

a fiber optic sensor comprised of

(a) a preformed, unitary fiber optic array comprising a plurality of individually clad, fiber optical strands disposed co-axially along their lengths and having two discrete optic array ends each of which is formed of multiple strand end faces, said preformed, unitary fiber optic array being of determinable configuration and dimensions, said two discrete ends of said unitary fiber optic array presenting two discrete optic array surfaces for introduction and conveyance of light energy,

(b) a substantially uniform and uninterrupted thin film comprising at least one light energy absorbing dye positioned over one of said discrete optic array surfaces of said preformed, unitary fiber optic array, said thin film having a thickness ranging from about 1-50 microns, each light energy absorbing dye of said thin film reacting with one ligand of interest in a manner correlatable with an optical determination;

means for placing said thin film of said fiber optic sensor into reactive contact with a fluid sample;

means for introducing light energy to said thin film of said fiber optic sensor for illumination of said light energy absorbing dye;

means for detecting emerging light energy from said illuminated thin film of said fiber optic sensor, said detected emerging light energy serving as an optical determination for a ligand of interest in the fluid sample;

means for illuminating the fluid sample and its environs; and

means for concurrently viewing the fluid sample and its environs through said thin film of said fiber optic sensor.

8. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein said fiber optic sensor further comprises a gradient index lens joined to and optically aligned with one end of said unitary fiber optic array.

9. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 further comprising automated means for concurrently introducing light energy and detecting emerging light.

10. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein said detected emerging light is visualized as a discrete image.

11. The apparatus as recited in claim 7 further comprising a computer controlled imaging and data processing system.

12. A method for concurrently viewing the environs of and optically detecting at least one ligand of interest of a fluid sample, and method comprising the steps of:

obtaining a fiber optic sensor comprised of

(a) a preformed, unitary fiber optic array comprising a plurality of individually clad, fiber optical strands disposed co-axially along their lengths and having two discrete optic array ends each of which is formed of multiple strand end faces, said preformed, unitary fiber optic array being of determinable configuration and dimensions, said two discrete ends of said preformed, unitary fiber optic array presenting two discrete optic array surfaces for introduction and conveyance of light energy,

(b) a substantially uniform and uninterrupted thin film comprising at least one light energy absorbing dye and positioned over one of said discrete optic array surfaces of said preformed, unitary fiber optic array, said thin film having a thickness ranging from about 1-50 microns, each light energy absorbing dye of said thin film reacting with one ligand of interest in a manner correlatable with an optical determination;

placing said thin film of said fiber optic sensor into reactive contact with a fluid sample;

introducing light energy to said thin film of said fiber optic sensor for illumination of said light energy absorbing dye;

detecting emerging light energy from said thin film of said fiber optic sensor, said detected emerging light energy serving as an optical determination for a ligand of interest in the fluid sample;

illuminating the fluid sample and its environs; and

concurrently viewing the fluid sample and its environs through said thin film of said fiber optic sensor.

13. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein said detecting and viewing is made in-vivo.

14. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein said detecting and viewing is made in-vitro.

15. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein said detecting and viewing is made using an automated imaging and data processing system.