Reactor and method for disassociating waste

• US 5,301,620 A
• Filed: 04/01/1993
• Issued: 04/12/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/01/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Quantum Catalytics LLC
• Original Assignee: Molten Metal Technology Incorporated
• Inventors: Nagel, Christopher J., Wilkinson, Mark A., Johnston, James E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Favors, Edward G.
• Application Number:
  US08/041,490
• Time in Patent Office: 376 Days
• Field of Search: 110/233, 110/235, 110/250, 110/346, 588/201, 588/205, 423/210.5, 423/DIG. 12
• US Class Current: 110/346
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2101/04 Pesticides, e.g. insecticides, herbicides, fungicides or nematocides
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2101/20 Organic substances
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2101/22 containing halogen
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2101/40 Inorganic substances
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2101/49 containing halogen
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 2203/10 Apparatus specially adapted for treating harmful chemical agents; Details thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 3/32 by treatment in molten chemical reagent, e.g. salts or metals
• CPC Class Codes: B09B 3/29 involving a melting or softening step
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 18/00 Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 5/005 of glass-forming waste materials disposal or transformation of solid waste in general B09B; treatment of radioactive waste G21F9/00
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 5/04 in tank furnaces C03B5/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 5/16 Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 5/2353 by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 5/262 Drains, i.e. means to dump glass melt or remove unwanted materials
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 7/001 Dry processes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/20 Recycling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 40/50 Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 423/12 Molten media
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 588/90 Apparatus

Abstract

A reactor for dissociating waste in a molten metal bath includes a vertical reaction section for containing a molten metal bath and a horizontal separation section extending from an upper portion of the vertical reaction section. A waste is directed into the vertical section of the reactor. An oxidant is directed into the reactor for reaction with dissociation products of the waste to form gaseous, vitreous and molten metal reaction products in the molten metal bath. The horizontal separation section has discharge outlets for proximate and separate discharge of vitreous and molten metal product streams from the reactor at a location which is remote from the vertical reaction section. The vitreous and molten metal reaction products formed in the vertical reaction section flow from the vertical reaction section through the horizontal separation section to the discharge outlets, thereby promoting physical separation of the reaction products to form distinct gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams for separate discharge of the streams from the reactor.

Claims

1. A reactor for dissociating waste in a molten metal bath and for forming gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams from said waste, the reactor being formed of materials which are refractory to the product streams and comprising:

a) a vertical reaction section for containing a molten metal bath which can dissociate waste to form gaseous, vitreous and molten metal reaction products;

b) means for directing the waste into the vertical section of the reactor;

c) means for directing an oxidant into the reactor for reaction with dissociation products of the waste to form said reaction products; and

d) a horizontal separation section which is joined with an upper portion of said vertical reaction section, said horizontal separation section extending from the vertical reaction section and having discharge means for proximate and separate discharge of the gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams from the reactor at a location which is remote from said vertical reaction section, whereby the vitreous and molten metal reaction products formed in the vertical reaction section flow from said vertical reaction section through the horizontal separation section to the discharge means, thereby promoting physical separation of said reaction products to form distinct gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams for separate discharge of said streams from the reactor.

2. A reactor of claim 1 wherein the discharge means includes a molten metal stream outlet and a vitreous stream outlet, whereby the molten metal and vitreous reaction products flow through the horizontal separation section to cause said reaction products to form molten metal and vitreous product streams in the horizontal separation section for proximate and separate discharge of said streams from the reactor through the molten metal and vitreous stream outlets, respectively.

3. A reactor of claim 2 wherein the discharge means further includes a gaseous stream outlet which is proximate to the molten metal stream outlet and the vitreous stream outlet, whereby the gaseous product flows through the horizontal separation section to form a gaseous product stream for separate discharge of the gaseous product stream from the reactor through the gaseous stream outlet.

4. A reactor of claim 3 further including at least one first baffle which is disposed within the reactor and extends from the horizontal separation section into the molten metal bath in the vertical reaction section, the baffle and the reactor defining a first horizontal separation chamber and a second horizontal separation chamber.

5. A reactor of claim 4 further including a lance for charging solids into the reactor and which extends from the first horizontal separation chamber into the vertical reaction section.

6. A reactor of claim 5 further including at least one second baffle which is disposed within the second horizontal separation chamber and above the molten metal bath for baffling flow of the gaseous product stream prior to discharge of the gaseous product stream from the reactor through the gaseous stream outlet.

7. A reactor of claim 6 wherein the means for directing the waste into the reactor includes at least one tuyere disposed at a lower portion of the vertical reaction section.

8. A reactor of claim 7 wherein the tuyere is a multiple concentric tuyere.

9. A reactor of claim 8 wherein the tuyere is substantially vertical.

10. A reactor of claim 8 wherein the tuyere is substantially horizontal.

11. A reactor of claim 8 further including means disposed at the reactor for rotating the reactor in an amount sufficient to elevate the tuyere above a molten metal bath within the reactor.

12. A reactor for dissociating waste in a molten metal bath for forming vitreous and molten metal product streams from said waste, the reactor being formed of materials which are refractory to the product streams and comprising:

a) a vertical reaction section for containing a molten metal bath which can dissociate waste to form vitreous and molten metal reaction products;

b) means for directing the waste into the vertical section of reactor;

c) means for directing an oxidant into the reactor for reaction with dissociation products of the waste to form said reaction products; and

d) a horizontal separation section which is joined with an upper portion of said vertical reaction section, said horizontal separation section extending from the vertical reaction section and having discharge means for proximate and separate discharge of the vitreous and molten metal product streams from the reactor at a location which is remote from said vertical reaction section, whereby the vitreous and molten metal reaction products formed in the vertical reaction section flow from said vertical reaction section through the horizontal separation section to the discharge means, thereby promoting physical separation of said reaction products to form distinct vitreous and molten metal product streams for separate discharge of said streams from the reactor.

13. A method for dissociating waste in a molten metal bath for forming gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams from said waste, comprising the steps of:

a) directing the waste into a reactor having a vertical reaction section for containing a molten metal bath which can dissociate waste to form gaseous, vitreous and molten metal reaction products; and

b) directing an oxidant into the reactor for reaction with dissociation products of the waste to form said reaction products, said reaction products flowing from said vertical reaction section through a horizontal separation section which is joined with an upper portion of said vertical reaction section, said horizontal separation section extending from the vertical reaction section and having discharge means for proximate and separate discharge of the gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams at a location which is remote from said vertical reaction section, whereby flow of the reaction products from said vertical reaction section through the horizontal separation section to the discharge means promotes physical separation of said reaction products to form distinct gaseous, vitreous and molten metal product streams which are separately discharged from the reactor.

14. A method of claim 13 wherein the waste is directed into the reactor at a rate which causes flow of the molten metal bath in the vertical reaction section to be turbulent and wherein flow in a substantial portion of the horizontal separation section is laminar.

15. A method of claim 13 wherein the waste is directed into the molten metal bath in said vertical section.

16. A method of claim 14 wherein the waste includes at least one component which forms a vitreous reaction product that includes a metal oxide.

17. A method of claim 16 wherein the waste is directed into a molten metal bath that includes iron and copper.