Lancet actuator mechanism

• US 5,318,583 A
• Filed: 05/05/1992
• Issued: 06/07/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Roche Diabetes Care Inc. (Roche Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Ryder International Corporation (Atrion Corporation), Boehringer Mannheim Corporation
• Inventors: Rabenau, Richard, Kanner, Rowland W.
• Primary Examiner(s): KRUTER, JEROME
• Application Number:
  US07/878,736
• Time in Patent Office: 763 Days
• Field of Search: 606/181-183, 128/770, 604/136-139, 604/157
• US Class Current: 606/182
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150022 for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150259 Improved gripping, e.g. with high friction pattern or projections on the housing surface or an ergonometric shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/150412 Pointed piercing elements, e.g. needles, lancets for piercing the skin blade-like piercing elements A61B5/150442
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15113 Manually triggered, i.e. the triggering requires a deliberate action by the user such as pressing a drive button
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15117 comprising biased elements, resilient elements or a spring, e.g. a helical spring, leaf spring, or elastic strap
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1513 comprising linear sliding guides comprising tooth-shaped elements A61B5/15132
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15186 Devices loaded with a single lancet, i.e. a single lancet with or without a casing is loaded into a reusable drive device and then discarded after use; drive devices reloadable for multiple use
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/15194 fully automatically retracted, i.e. the retraction does not require a deliberate action by the user, e.g. by terminating the contact with the patient's skin

Abstract

An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle includes a carriage for carrying the advancement and retraction of the needle, and a cam-following structure for transmitting propulsion to the carriage during the advancement. The actuating mechanism is also provided with a drive cam structure which engages the cam-following structure to direct the advancement propulsion. The cam-following structure can have a separate surface engagable with the drive cam structure during the retraction of the carriage and during arming of the actuator for the advancement propulsion.

Claims

1. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of a lancet needle;

b) cam-following structure means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement, without employing an intermediate spring between the cam following structure means and said carrier means;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said- propulsion force thereagainst.

2. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said cam-following means comprises a first propulsion surface receiving said directed propulsion force and a second surface engagable with said drive cam structure during said retraction of said carriage means.

3. An actuating mechanism according to claim 2 wherein said first, propulsion surface and said second surface are joined in smooth relative continuation by a third surface formed therebetween.

4. An actuating mechanism according to claim 3 wherein said drive cam structure moves in sequential engagement against (a) said first propulsion surface, (b) said third surface, and (c) said second surface of said cam-following means such that engagement with said third surface corresponds to termination of said carriage means advancement and lancet thrust.

5. An actuating mechanism according to claim 4 wherein said drive cam structure pivots on a pivotal axis thereof during said sequential engagements.

6. An actuating mechanism according to claim 4 wherein said cam-following means is translatable along a reversible linear path corresponding in length to a linear path of said carriage means advancement and retraction.

7. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said cam-following means and said drive cam structure are arranged to direct propulsion forces of said carriage means for advancement along a linear path.

8. An actuating mechanism according to claim 7 wherein said drive cam structure pivots in engagement against a first propulsion surface formed on siad cam-following means such that said directed propulsion force is transmitted by siad cam-following means to propel said carriage means along said linear path.

9. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 further comprising reverse drive means for engaging and propelling said retraction of said carriage means separate from said drive cam structure.

10. An actuating mechanism according to claim 9 wherein said reverse drive means comprises energy transfer and storage means for converting a portion of energy generated by said carriage means advancement and propulsion to potential energy releasable for propelling said carriage means retraction.

11. An actuating mechanism according to claim 10 wherein said energy transfer and storage means comprises spring means energized by said advancement propulsion.

12. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said carriage means is integrally formed with said cam-following means.

13. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 further comprising drive means for generating propulsion of said drive cam structure and said carriage means advancement.

14. An actuating mechanism according to claim 13 wherein said drive means comprises spring means.

15. An actuating mechanism according to claim 14 further comprising cocking means for energizing said spring means.

16. An actuating mechanism according to claim 1 wherein said drive cam structure and a separate reverse drive means are arranged to respectively propel said advancement and retraction of said carriage means in continuous motions thereof in order to thrust and thereafter immediately withdraw said lancet needle.

17. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst; and

d) spring means separate from said drive cam structure and energized by said advancement propulsion, releasable for propelling said carriage means retraction;

wherein said cam-following means comprises a first, propulsion surface receiving said directed propulsion forces and a second surface engagable with said drive cam structure when said spring means propels said retraction of said carriage means.

18. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst; and

d) reverse drive means for engaging and propelling said retraction of said carriage means separate from said drive cam structure, wherein said drive cam structure and said reverse drive means are arranged to propel said advancement and retraction of said carriage means in continuous motions thereof in order to thrust and thereafter immediately withdraw said lancet needle.

19. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst;

d) wherein said cam following means comprises a first propulsion surface receiving said directed propulsion force and a second surface engagable with said drive cam structure during said retraction of said carriage means and

wherein said first, propulsion surface and said second surface are joined in smooth relative continuation by a third surface formed therebetween and wherein said drive cam structure pivots on a pivotal axis thereof during sequential engagement against (a) said first propulsion surface, (b) said third surface, and (c) said second surface of of said cam-following means such that engagement with said third surface corresponds to termination of said carriage means advancement and lancet thrust, said pivot of said drive cam structure is selectively reversible enabling engagement thereof with said first propulsion surface, third surface, and second surface of said cam-following means in reversible sequence corresponding to said reversible pivot.

20. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst, wherein said cam-following means comprises a first propulsion surface receiving said directed propulsion and a second surface engagable with said drive cam structure during said detraction of said carriage means, and wherein spring means propels said drive cam structure against said first propulsion surface of said cam-following means, and said drive cam structure engages said second surface of said cam-following means during energizing of said spring means by a cocking means therefor.

21. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst, wherein spring means bears against said drive cam structure for generating propulsion of said drive can structure and said carriage means advancement and said drive cam structure reversibly pivots in selective direction forwardly during said propulsion and reversely during energizing of said spring means by a cocking means therefor.

22. An actuating mechanism for sequentially advancing and retracting a lancet needle, comprising:

a) carriage means for advancement and retraction of the lancet needle;

b) cam-following means for transmitting propulsion forces to said carriage means to attain said advancement;

c) drive cam structure engagable with said cam-following means for directing said propulsion force thereagainst, wherein said cam-following means comprises a first propulsion surface receiving said directed propulsion and a second surface engagable with said drive cam structure during said retraction of said carriage means, a spring means propels said drive cam structure against said first propulsion surface of said cam-following means, and said drive cam structure engages said second surface of said cam-following means during energizing of said spring means by a cocking means therefor.

23. An actuating mechanism according to claim 22 wherein said drive cam structure reversibly pivots in direction forwardly during said propulsion and reversely during said energizing of said spring means by said arming means.