Optical transdermal link
First Claim
1. An apparatus comprising:
- an internal module to be embedded within biological tissue; and
an external module located external to the biological tissue;
the external module comprising;
an external optical transmission means;
an external driver coupled to the external optical transmission means, the external driver for receiving a first data stream and modulating the external optical transmission means according to the first data stream thereby driving the external optical transmission means and causing the external optical transmission means to transmit a modulated first data stream optical signal;
the internal module comprising;
a photo array for receiving the modulated first data stream optical signal from the external optical transmission means and converting the modulated first data stream optical signal into a first data stream modulated electrical signal;
power extraction means, coupled to the photo array for extracting power from the modulated first data stream electrical signal;
internal signal extraction means coupled to the photo array and extracting the first data stream from the modulated first data stream electrical signal;
an internal optical transmission means coupled to and powered by the power extraction means;
an internal driver coupled to and powered by the power extraction means, and further coupled to the internal optical transmission means, the internal driver for receiving a second data stream and modulating the internal optical transmission means according to the second data stream thereby driving the internal optical transmission means and causing the internal optical transmission means to transmit a modulated second data stream optical signal;
the external module further comprising;
an external optical reception means for receiving the modulated second data stream optical signal and converting the modulated second data stream optical signal into a second data stream modulated electrical signal;
external signal extraction means coupled to the external optical reception means for extracting the second data stream from the modulated second data stream electrical signal.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An optical transdermal link. The interface consists of two modules. An internal module is placed just inside the skin, and an external module is placed just outside the skin and facing the internal module. The external module is connected to a host processor via high speed serial lines. The external module contains one or two laser diodes with drivers, and one photodetector with preamplifier. The internal module contains a photocell array to provide power for itself, a photo detector, preamplifier and a clock recovery circuit for detecting the incoming signal, and a laser diode and driver for the outgoing signal. The internal module also contains modulation/demodulation and neural interface circuits peculiar to the specific application.
365 Citations
17 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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an internal module to be embedded within biological tissue; and an external module located external to the biological tissue; the external module comprising; an external optical transmission means; an external driver coupled to the external optical transmission means, the external driver for receiving a first data stream and modulating the external optical transmission means according to the first data stream thereby driving the external optical transmission means and causing the external optical transmission means to transmit a modulated first data stream optical signal; the internal module comprising; a photo array for receiving the modulated first data stream optical signal from the external optical transmission means and converting the modulated first data stream optical signal into a first data stream modulated electrical signal; power extraction means, coupled to the photo array for extracting power from the modulated first data stream electrical signal; internal signal extraction means coupled to the photo array and extracting the first data stream from the modulated first data stream electrical signal; an internal optical transmission means coupled to and powered by the power extraction means; an internal driver coupled to and powered by the power extraction means, and further coupled to the internal optical transmission means, the internal driver for receiving a second data stream and modulating the internal optical transmission means according to the second data stream thereby driving the internal optical transmission means and causing the internal optical transmission means to transmit a modulated second data stream optical signal; the external module further comprising; an external optical reception means for receiving the modulated second data stream optical signal and converting the modulated second data stream optical signal into a second data stream modulated electrical signal; external signal extraction means coupled to the external optical reception means for extracting the second data stream from the modulated second data stream electrical signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An apparatus comprising:
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an internal module to be embedded within biological tissue; and an external module located external to the biological tissue; the external module comprising; an external optical power transmission means for transmitting optical power; an external optical signal transmission means; an external driver coupled to the external optical signal transmission means, the external driver for receiving a first data stream and modulating the external optical signal transmission means according to the first data stream thereby driving the external optical signal transmission means and causing the external optical transmission means to transmit a modulated first data stream optical signal; the internal module comprising; a photo array for receiving the transmitted optical power from the external optical power transmission means and converting the transmitted optical power into electrical power; an internal optical reception means for receiving the modulated first data stream optical signal and converting the modulated first data stream optical signal into a first data stream modulated electrical signal;
internal signal extraction means coupled to the internal optical reception means and for extracting the first data stream from the modulated first data stream electrical signal;an internal optical transmission means coupled to and powered by the photo array; an internal driver coupled to and powered by the photo array, and further coupled to the internal optical transmission means, the internal driver for receiving a second data stream and modulating the internal optical transmission means according to the second data stream thereby driving the internal optical transmission means and causing the internal optical transmission means to transmit a modulated second data stream optical signal; the external module further comprising; an external optical reception means for receiving the modulated second data stream optical signal and converting the modulated second data stream optical signal into a second data stream modulated electrical signal; external signal extraction means coupled to the external optical reception means for extracting the second data stream from the modulated second data stream electrical signal. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification