Method and apparatus for generating an elliptical image

• US 5,338,200 A
• Filed: 09/15/1992
• Issued: 08/16/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Rediffusion Simulation Ltd (Thales SA)
• Original Assignee: Rediffusion Simulation Ltd (Thales SA)
• Inventors: Olive, Graham J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Apley, Richard J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Cheng, Joe H.
• Application Number:
  US07/934,483
• Time in Patent Office: 700 Days
• Field of Search: 434/29, 434/43, 434/69, 434/307, 434/308, 434/365, 273/85 G, 273/434, 273/DIG. 28, 340/723, 340/729, 340/747, 395/120, 395/121, 395/126, 395/127, 395/119, 395/129, 395/130, 395/131, 395/141, 358/104, 345/133, 345/112
• US Class Current: 434/43
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/005 General purpose rendering architectures
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 9/301 by computer-processed or -generated image

Abstract

Elliptical features are described in an image generator database in terms of an origin and major and minor axes defined by reference to a world or model space coordinate system. Image data is assembled for display by transforming the database contents into screen space and assessing for each of an array of sampling points distributed across screen space which features are to contribute to the portion of a final image in which the sampling point is located. In the case of elliptical features, data is transformed into eyepoint space and each sampling point is projected into eyepoint space to determine the point of intersection between a line drawn through the sampling point from the eyepoint and a plane defined by the axes. The coordinates of the intersection point in a coordinate system defined by the origin and axes, are used to determine whether or not the feature contributes to the sampling point.

Claims

1. A method for generating data representative of an image of a world space model to be displayed on a screen, the model being defined by a plurality of features including at least one feature having an elliptical boundary, and the image being intended to present a view of the model from a predetermined eyepoint in world space wherein said method comprises the steps of:

a. storing attribute data describing said at least one feature, the attribute data including two axes and an origin describing the major and minor axes of the elliptical boundary of said feature in world space coordinates, and a magnitude a and b representing the length of said major and minor axes;

b. transforming said attribute data from world space coordinates to eyepoint space coordinates;

c. determining the positions of a plurality of sampling points in screen space;

d. determining the position for each said sampling point of a point of intersection between a line drawn from the eyepoint through the sampling point and a plane defined by said two axes;

e. calculating the coordinates of each said point of intersection of the plane in a coordinate system defined by said two axes and said origin and calculating said coordinates in eyepoint space;

f. identifying each sampling point for which the respective coordinates lie within the elliptical boundary by calculating a vector offset for each said point of intersection of the plane from the origin, calculating components u, v of the calculated vector offset along the major and minor axes for each said point of intersection of the plane by using the vector dot products of the offset vector with each of the major and minor axes such that each point of intersection is considered to lie within the elliptical boundary if (u/a)² +(v/b)² <

=1; and

g. generating for each identified sampling point a sampling point output including attributes of said at least one feature.

2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of dividing the screen into a plurality of sub-areas, storing attribute data describing vertices in world space of a polygon circumscribing said at least one feature, transforming the stored vertices into screen space coordinates, and assessing the sub-area impact by said at least one feature by reference to said screen space coordinates of said vertices.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein each sub-area is rectangular and limited by edges, each of which edges extends parallel to one of a pair of screen space coordinate axes, and comprising the steps of calculating screen space coordinates of a bounding box for said at least one feature, the bounding box being rectangular with each of its edges being parallel to one of the screen space coordinate system axes, and having each vertex thereof lying on an edge of the bounding box, and identifying said at least one feature as potentially overlapping any sub-area which overlaps the bounding box.

4. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of dividing the screen into a plurality of sub-areas, calculating screen space vertices for an inscribed polygon with each vertex of the polygon lying on the elliptical boundary of said at least one feature, deriving line equations which describe the edges of the polygon, determining the position of each corner of a sub-area relative to each edge of the polygon, and identifying said at least one feature as fully covering the sub-area if each corner of the sub-area is within an area defined by the edges of said polygon.

5. A method according to claim 4, comprising the steps of calculating said vertices of said polygon by determining the world space coordinates of the four points of intersection between said major and minor axes and the elliptical boundary, and transforming the world space coordinates to screen space coordinates.

6. A method according to claim 5 comprising calculating the perpendicular distance of each corner of a sub-area from each of the edges of the inscribed polygon and assessing full sub-area coverage by reference to said calculated distances.

7. A method according to claim 4, comprising calculating the perpendicular distance of each corner of a sub-area from each of the edges of the inscribed polygon and assessing full sub-area coverage by reference to the calculated distances.

8. An image generator for generating data representative of an image of a world space model to be displayed on a screen, the model being defined by a plurality of features including at least one feature having an elliptical boundary, and the image being intended to present a view of the model from a predetermined eyepoint in world space, wherein the image generator comprises:

a. means for storing attribute data describing said at least one feature, the attribute data including two axes and an origin which describe the major and minor axes of the elliptical boundary of said feature in world space coordinates, and a magnitude a and b representing the length of said major and minor axes;

b. means for retrieving said attribute data from said storage means and transforming said attribute data from world space coordinates to eyepoint space coordinates;

c. means for determining the positions of a plurality of sampling points in screen space;

d. means for determining the position for each said sampling point of a point of intersection between a line drawn from the eyepoint through the sampling point and a plane defined by said two axes;

e. means for calculating the coordinates of each said point of intersection of said plane in a coordinate system defined by said two axes and said origin and calculating said coordinates in eyepoint space;

f. means for identifying each sampling point for which the respective coordinates lie within the elliptical boundary by calculating a vector offset for each said point of intersection of the plane from the origin, calculating components u, v of the calculated vector offset along the major and minor axes for each said point of intersection of the plane by using the vector dot products of the offset vector with each of the major and minor axes such that each point of intersection is considered to lie within the elliptical boundary if (u/a)² +(v/b)² <

=1; and

g. means for generating for each identified sampling point a sampling point output including attributes of said at least one feature.