High performance electrochemichromic solutions and devices thereof
First Claim
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1. An electrochemichromic solution comprising:
- solvent;
a redox chemical pair in solution in said solvent which colors in the presence of an applied voltage and which bleaches to a colorless condition in the absence of an applied voltage;
said solvent including at least 25% by volume of a solvent selected from the group consisting of;
3-hydroxypropionitrile (HPN), 3,3'"'"'-oxydipropionitrile (ODPN), 2-acetylbutyrolactone (ABL), 2-methylglutaronitrile (MGNT) 3-methylsulfolane (MS) and mixtures thereof.
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Abstract
The specification discloses electrochemichromic solutions and devices based on the use of solvents comprising at least about 25% 3-hydroxypropionitrile, 3,3'"'"'-oxydipropionitrile, 2-acetylbutyrolactone, 2-methylglutaronitrile, 3-methylsulfolane and mixtures thereof. The specification also discloses vacuum backfilling techniques for filling electrochemichromic cells and enhanced UV stability through solvent self-screening.
127 Citations
54 Claims
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1. An electrochemichromic solution comprising:
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solvent; a redox chemical pair in solution in said solvent which colors in the presence of an applied voltage and which bleaches to a colorless condition in the absence of an applied voltage; said solvent including at least 25% by volume of a solvent selected from the group consisting of;
3-hydroxypropionitrile (HPN), 3,3'"'"'-oxydipropionitrile (ODPN), 2-acetylbutyrolactone (ABL), 2-methylglutaronitrile (MGNT) 3-methylsulfolane (MS) and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. An electrochemichromic solution, comprising:
a redox chemical pair in solution in a solvent, wherein said redox chemical pair colors in the presence of an applied voltage and bleaches to a colorless condition in the absence of said voltage, said solvent comprising 3-hydroxypropionitrile. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A method for protecting a redox chemical pair in an electrochemichromic solution from degradation due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation comprising:
using a solvent for said redox chemical pair which will transmit through a one millimeter path length no more than about 30% of the solar radiation in a 250 to 350 nm range passed through a half wave ITO coated soda lime glass substrate of a thickness of 0.063 inches. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. An electrochemichromic solution possessing resilience to outdoor weathering on an automobile, said solution comprising:
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a solvent; a redox chemical pair in solution in said solvent, wherein said redox chemical pair colors under the application of voltage and bleaches in the absence of an applied voltage; and an ultraviolet stabilizer in solution in said solvent, in an amount within the range of from greater than 1.7% wt/vol up to 40.2% wt/vol, whereby the electrochemichromic solution is provided with enhanced ultraviolet stability. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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Specification