System and method for a digital navigation satellite receiver

• US 5,347,284 A
• Filed: 02/28/1991
• Issued: 09/13/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Inventors: Volpi, John P., Rekieta, David W., Stiles, Mitchel B., Scott, Hugh L., Lu, Chyi H., LaPadula, Leonard J. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Issing, Gregory C.
• Application Number:
  US07/662,585
• Time in Patent Office: 1,293 Days
• Field of Search: 342/352, 342/356, 342/357, 342/92, 371/37.9, 375/1
• US Class Current: 342/356
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/21 Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/24 Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B1/7073
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/32 Multimode operation in a single same satellite system, e.g. GPS L1/L2
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/37 Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain

Abstract

There is disclosed a global positioning system receiver method and system which converts the analog signals to digital signals prior to performing signal acquisition and GPS unique processing functions. The A/D converter uses full null zone processing to increase anti-jamming capability and 4-level output to reduce signal processing. A single analog and digital channel is used for both the L1 and L2 channels as well as for all P(Y)-code and C/A-code thus allowing full multi channel tracking with several channels each tracking a separate signal while the remainder of the channels rove over all of the signals on the alternate L-band with programmable duty cycles. The system allows for Y-code substitution for P-code by multiplexing a portion of the Y-code generated between multiple channels.

Claims

1. A receiver for acquiring and tracking analog spread spectrum signals, each signal having an analog carrier signal modulated with data and pseudorandom noise codes, comprising:

a downconversion circuit for downconverting the analog spread spectrum signal to an analog downconverted spread spectrum signal at a frequency sufficiently low enough for digitization;

a local clock generation circuit coupled to said downconversion circuit for generating a sample clock frequency to produce said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal and providing control signals for the receiver;

a sampling circuit for converting said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal to a digital spread spectrum signal;

a plurality of channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signal to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each channel processing circuit including correlators for generating predetection integration data in response to said comparison;

a search processor which autonomously controls said plurality of channel processing circuits for searching and acquiring said analog spread spectrum signal; and

a general purpose processor for overall receiver control.

2. The receiver set forth in claim 1, further comprising a fourier transform circuit for generating frequency bins from said predetection integration data in order to extend a doppler frequency range of search for said analog carrier signal.

3. The receiver set forth in claim 2, wherein said fourier transform circuit is a discrete fourier transform approximation circuit using two-bit complex vectors.

4. The receiver set forth in claim 2, wherein said search processor includes circuitry for interpolating new frequency bins from said frequency bins of said fourier transform circuit.

5. The receiver set forth in claim 1, wherein said search processor employs a Tong detection algorithm for determining signal acquisition at a particular code state for a predetermined search threshold.

6. The receiver set forth in claim 5, further comprising a noise meter for dynamic setting of said search threshold.

7. The receiver set forth in claim 6, wherein said noise meter has a programmable bandwidth.

8. The receiver set forth in claim 5, wherein said search processor includes a mush counter for limiting a number of passes through said Tong detection algorithm and forces signal acquisition to continue at a new code state after a specific number of passes have been performed at said particular code state.

9. The receiver set forth in claim 5, wherein said search processor includes a mush counter for limiting a number of passes through said Tong detection and forces signal acquisition to stop after a specific number of passes have been performed.

10. The receiver set forth in claim 1, wherein said search processor includes a hit counter for aiding in determination of the adequacy of a predetermined search threshold by counting the number of signal samples which exceed said predetermined search threshold for a given search duration.

11. The receiver set forth in claim 1, wherein said search processor includes circuitry for suspending signal acquisition in response to a period of time of known conditions of bad signal.

12. The receiver set forth in claim 2, wherein said search processor employs a Tong detection algorithm on said frequency bins, said search processor including frequency bin mask bits which exclude certain frequency bins from being considered in said Tong detection algorithm.

13. The receiver set forth in claim 5, wherein said search processor includes correlator mask bits which exclude certain correlators from being considered in said Tong detection algorithm.

14. The receiver set forth in claim 2, wherein said search processor implements a Robertson approximation for generating envelopes for each of said frequency bins.

15. The receiver of claim 14, wherein said search processor employs a Tong detection algorithm on said frequency bins, said Tong detection algorithm comparing said envelopes to a predetermined search threshold for determining signal acquisition.

16. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said search processor processes a plurality of code states simultaneously.

17. The receiver set forth in claim 6, wherein said search processor includes a threshold calculator that adjusts said search threshold in response to an output from said noise meter.

18. The receiver set forth in claims 4, wherein said search processor includes a threshold calculator that adjusts said search threshold in response to an output from said noise meter, said search processor includes a second threshold calculator corresponding to said interpolated fourier transform frequency bins, said second threshold calculator generating a second threshold which is the square root of two greater than said search threshold of said threshold calculator.

19. The receiver of claim 1, wherein said search processor circuitry is embedded with said plurality of channel processing circuits on a single monolithic circuit.

20. A receiver for acquiring and tracking analog spread spectrum signals from a plurality of satellites, each satellite transmitting analog L1 and L2 carrier signals modulated with data and pseudorandom noise codes, comprising:

a downconversion circuit for downconverting the analog spread spectrum signals to analog carrier downconverted spread spectrum signals at a frequency sufficiently low enough for digitization;

a local clock generation circuit coupled to said downconversion circuit for generating a sample clock frequency to produce said analog downconverted spread spectrum signals and for providing control signals for the receiver;

a sampling circuit for converting said analog downconverted spread spectrum signals to digital spread spectrum signals;

a plurality of continuous channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signals to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each continuous channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each continuous channel processing circuit having correlators for generating predetection integration data in response to said comparison, each continuous channel processing circuit assigned to a separate satellite;

a plurality of rover channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signals to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each rover channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each rover channel circuit roves one L-band signal of a plurality of satellites while each continuous channel processing circuit continuously tracks the other L-band signal of a specific satellite; and

a general purpose processor for controlling said continuous and rover channel processing circuits during signal acquisition and tracking.

21. A receiver for acquiring and tracking analog spread spectrum signals from a plurality of satellites, each satellite transmitting analog L1 and L2 carrier signals modulated with data and pseudorandom noise codes, comprising:

a downconversion circuit for downconverting the analog spread spectrum signals to analog downconverted spread spectrum signals at a frequency sufficiently low enough for digitization;

a local clock generation circuit coupled to said downconversion circuit for generating a sample clock frequency to produce said analog downconverted spread spectrum signals and for providing control signals for the receiver;

a sampling circuit for converting said analog spread spectrum downconverted signals to digital spread spectrum signals;

a plurality of continuous channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signals to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each continuous channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each continuous channel processing circuit having correlators for generating predetection integration data in response to said comparison, each continuous channel processing circuit assigned to a separate satellite;

a plurality of rover channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signals to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each rover channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each rover channel circuit roves a remaining plurality of visible satellites; and

a general purpose processor for controlling said continuous and rover channel processing circuits during signal acquistion and tracking.

22. A receiver for acquiring and tracking analog spread spectrum signals, each signal having an analog carrier signal modulated with data and pseudorandom noise codes, comprising:

a downconversion circuit for downconverting the analog spread spectrum signal to an analog downconverted spread spectrum signal at a frequency sufficiently low enough for digitization;

a local clock generation circuit coupled to said downconversion circuit for generating a sample clock frequency to produce said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal and for providing control signals for the receiver;

a sampling circuit for converting said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal to a digital spread spectrum signal;

a plurality of channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signal to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each channel processing circuit having correlators for generating predetection integration data in response to said comparison, each channel processing circuit including a noise meter for setting thresholds to assist in signal acquisition and tracking; and

a general purpose processor for controlling said channel processing circuits during signal acquisition and tracking.

23. The receiver of claim 22, wherein said noise meter measures gaussian, continuous wave or pulse noise.

24. The receiver of claim 22, wherein said noise meter is programmable to a desired pseudorandom noise bandwidth.

25. A receiver for acquiring and tracking analog spread spectrum signals, each signal having an analog carrier signal modulated with data and pseudorandom noise codes, comprising:

a downconversion circuit for downconverting the analog spread spectrum signal to an analog downconverted spread spectrum signal at a frequency sufficiently low enough for digitization;

a local clock generation circuit coupled to said downconversion circuit for generating a sample clock frequency to produce said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal and providing control signals for the receiver;

a sampling circuit for converting said analog downconverted spread spectrum signal to a digital spread spectrum signal;

a plurality of channel processing circuits for demodulating said digital spread spectrum signal to obtain actual code and carrier phase information, each channel processing circuit generating an estimated code and carrier phase and comparing said estimated code and carrier phase to said actual code and carrier phase, each channel processing circuit including correlators for generating predetection integration data in response to said comparison, each channel processing circuit processing a P(Y) code and a C/A code simultaneously;

a general purpose processor for controlling said channel processing circuits during signal acquisition and tracking; and

circuitry for performing vector summing of said P(Y) and C/A code for a single satellite to allow tracking of said P(Y) and C/A code with a single tracking loop.