Electromagnetic radiation detector utilizing an electromagnetic radiation absorbing element in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer arrangement
First Claim
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1. Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
- a single-mode optical waveguide;
an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element disposed at a thermal interface with said waveguide along a longitudinal portion of the length thereof to apply heat thereto in proportion to the magnitude of electromagnetic radiation impinged upon and absorbed by said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element;
means for chopping the electromagnetic radiation impinged upon said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; and
interferometer apparatus operatively connected to said waveguide to measure a change in the optical pathlength thereof in proportion to the heat applied thereto, which change in optical pathlength is indicative of the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed.
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Abstract
Apparatus is provided to detect electromagnetic radiation, in which a radion-absorbing element is disposed on a short section of an optical waveguide to provide a thermal interface therebetween. Radiation is absorbed by the element, which thereby heats the waveguide, causing it to change its optical pathlength in proportion to the radiation absorbed. Interferometer apparatus is connected to measure this change in optical pathlength as a change in the interference condition. This device is highly sensitive and can be operated at room temperature.
17 Citations
11 Claims
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1. Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a single-mode optical waveguide; an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element disposed at a thermal interface with said waveguide along a longitudinal portion of the length thereof to apply heat thereto in proportion to the magnitude of electromagnetic radiation impinged upon and absorbed by said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; means for chopping the electromagnetic radiation impinged upon said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; and interferometer apparatus operatively connected to said waveguide to measure a change in the optical pathlength thereof in proportion to the heat applied thereto, which change in optical pathlength is indicative of the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a single-mode optical waveguide; an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element disposed at a thermal interface with said waveguide along a longitudinal portion of the length thereof to apply heat thereto in proportion to the magnitude of electromagnetic radiation impinged upon and absorbed by said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; means for collecting the electromagnetic radiation and focussing it onto said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; and interferometer apparatus operatively connected to said waveguide to measure a change in the optical pathlength thereof in proportion to the heat applied thereto, which change in optical pathlength is indicative of the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9)
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10. Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a single-mode optical waveguide; an electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element disposed at a thermal interface with said waveguide along a longitudinal portion of the length thereof to apply heat thereto in proportion to the magnitude of electromagnetic radiation impinged upon and absorbed by said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; a means adjacent to said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element for filtering unwanted preselected wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation from impinging upon said electromagnetic radiation-absorbing element; and interferometer apparatus operatively connected to said waveguide to measure a change in the optical pathlength thereof in proportion to the heat applied thereto, which change in optical pathlength is indicative of the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed.
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11. Apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a single-mode optical waveguide; a carbon element disposed at a thermal interface with said waveguide along a longitudinal portion of the length thereof to apply heat thereto in proportion to the magnitude of electromagnetic radiation impinged upon and absorbed by said carbon element; and interferometer apparatus operatively connected to said waveguide to measure a change in the optical pathlength thereof in proportion to the heat applied thereto, which change in optical pathlength is indicative of the amount of electromagnetic radiation absorbed.
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Specification