Object position detector

• US 5,374,787 A
• Filed: 08/31/1993
• Issued: 12/20/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 06/08/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Synaptics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Synaptics Incorporated
• Inventors: Allen, Timothy P., Miller, Robert J., Bisset, Stephen, Steinbach, Gunter
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US08/115,743
• Time in Patent Office: 476 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/19, 345/173-178, 341/33, 341/34
• US Class Current: 178/18.06
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1626 with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04101 2.5D-digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface and also measures the distance of the input means within a short range in the Z direction, possibly with a separate measurement setup
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03547 Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/041 Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04166 Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally G06F3/04184
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0445 using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0446 using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes

Abstract

A proximity sensor system includes a sensor matrix array having a characteristic capacitance on horizontal and vertical conductors connected to sensor pads. The capacitance changes as a function of the proximity of an object or objects to the sensor matrix. The change in capacitance of each node in both the X and Y directions of the matrix due to the approach of an object is converted to a set of voltages in the X and Y directions. These voltages are processed by analog circuitry to develop electrical signals representative of the centroid of the profile of the object, i.e., its position in the X and Y dimensions. The profile of position may also be integrated to provide Z-axis (pressure) information.

Claims

1. An object proximity sensor, including:

a touch-sensitive transducer disposed on a substrate having a touch surface, said touch sensitive transducer including a matrix of row conductive lines disposed in a first direction and column conductive lines disposed in a second direction generally perpendicular to said first direction, said row conductive lines and said column conductive lines insulated from one another, and an insulating layer disposed over said row conductive lines and said column conductive lines, said insulating layer having a thickness selected to promote capacitive coupling between a finger placed on said touch surface and said row conductive lines and said column conductive lines;

means for simultaneously injecting a predetermined amount of electrical charge onto each of said row conductive lines, and for sensing a row-sense voltage created on each of said row conductive lines by said predetermined amount of charge onto each of said row conductive lines;

means for simultaneously injecting a predetermined amount of electrical charge onto each of said column conductive lines, and for sensing a column-sense voltage created by said predetermined amount of charge onto each of said column conductive lines; and

means for producing a set of object-sensed electrical signals related to said row-sense voltage and said column-sense voltage.

2. The object proximity sensor of claim 1, further including:

means for sensing a minimum no-object-proximate capacitance present when no object is proximate to said touch surface from among said row conductive lines, for sensing a minimum no-object-proximate capacitance present when no object is proximate to said touch surface from among said column conductive lines, for producing a set of minimum no-object-proximate electrical signals related thereto; and

means for subtracting said set of minimum background electrical signals from said set of object-sensed electrical signals.

3. The object proximity sensor of claim 1, further including:

means for producing a set of average no-object-proximate electrical signals related to an average no-object-proximate capacitance from among said row conductive lines and an average no-object-proximate capacitance from among said column conductive lines; and

means for subtracting said set of average no-object-proximate electrical signals from said set of object-sensed electrical signals.

4. A method for providing an electrical signal representative of the position of an object in a two dimensional plane, including the steps of:

providing a sensing plane including a matrix of conductors arranged as a plurality of rows and columns of spaced apart row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said sensing plane having an inherent capacitance on the various ones of said row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said capacitance varying with the proximity of an object to said row and column conductors;

providing an insulating layer over said sensing plane;

simultaneously generating from among said row conductive lines a first electrical signal proportional to a no-object-proximate value of said capacitance when no object is proximate to said sensing plane from among said row conductive lines;

simultaneously generating from among said row conductive lines a corresponding second electrical signal proportional to the value of said capacitance when an object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

subtracting each of said corresponding first electrical signals from said second electrical signals to produce a set of row electrical signals;

simultaneously generating from among said column conductive lines a third electrical signal proportional to a no-object-proximate value of said capacitance from among said column conductive lines;

simultaneously generating for each conductor in the column dimensions a corresponding fourth electrical signal proportional to the value of said capacitance when no object is proximate to said sensing plane when an object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

subtracting each of said corresponding third electrical signals from said fourth electrical signals to produce a set of column electrical signals; and

encoding said set of row electrical signals and said set of column electrical signals into electrical signals indicating the position of said object in said row dimension and said column dimension.

5. The method of claim 4 further including the step of processing said set of row electrical signals and said set of column electrical signals to create an area electrical signal proportional to the area of said object which is in contact with said insulating layer.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of encoding said set of row electrical signals and said set of column electrical signals into electrical signals indicating the position of said object in said row dimension and said column dimension comprises separately encoding said set of row electrical signals into a first digital signal and encoding said set of column electrical signals into a second digital signal.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of encoding said set of row electrical signals and said set of column electrical signals into electrical signals indicating the position of said object in said row dimension and said column dimension comprises separately encoding said set of row electrical signals into a first digital signal and encoding said set of column electrical signals into a second digital signal, and further including the step of encoding said area electrical signal into a third digital signal.

8. The method of claim 4 further including the step of providing a signal when said row electrical signal for any of said row or column electrical signal exceeds a threshold value.

9. The method of claim 4, wherein said first and third electrical signals are proportional to the minimum background value of said capacitance from among said row conductive lines and column conductive lines.

10. The method of claim 4, wherein said first and third electrical signals are proportional to the average background value of said capacitance from among said row conductive lines and column conductive lines.