Data compression/decompression and storage of compressed and uncompressed data on a same removable data storage medium

• US 5,394,534 A
• Filed: 09/11/1992
• Issued: 02/28/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: MediaTek, Inc.
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Kulakowski, John E., Means, Rodney J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Robertson, David L.
• Application Number:
  US07/943,613
• Time in Patent Office: 900 Days
• Field of Search: 395/425
• US Class Current: 711/112
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2003/0697 device management, e.g. handlers, drivers, I/O schedulers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/401 Compressed data
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0601 Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0608 Saving storage space on storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0631 by allocating resources to storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/064 Management of blocks
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0677 Optical disk device, e.g. CD-ROM, DVD
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0683 Plurality of storage devices
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00007 Time or data compression or expansion audio compression based on psychoacoustics G10L19/00; data processing for reproducing audio data at different playback speeds G10L21/04; video compression H04N19/00; data compression per se H03M7/30
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/10 Digital recording or reproducing
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/20 Disc-shaped record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/3027 used signal is digitally coded
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/329 on a disc [VTOC]

Abstract

A data file having a plurality of data blocks is divided into one or more transfer units of data blocks. Before data storage, each transfer unit of data blocks is subjected to its own data compression cycle to create a group of compressed data blocks. The size of the data transfer unit, in bytes, is selected to facilitate addressing and retrieving individual recorded groups of compressed data blocks while providing good channel utilization and compression efficiency. Also the data transfer unit size is selected in part based upon data storage efficiency, i.e. the storage of the compressed data should fill as many addressable data storage areas as possible. Upon recording each group of compressed data bytes, an entry is made into a file directory for enabling addressing the recorded compressed data blocks.

Claims

1. In apparatus for storing data in compressed form in a data storage device having a multiplicity of addressable data storage areas, each of the data storage areas for recording a first predetermined number of data bytes, the data storage device being connected to a programmed machine, said programmed machine for receiving data to be recorded, said received data being arranged in a plurality of addressable data blocks, the improvement including, in combination:

selection means in the programmed machine for selecting a plurality of data transfer units of said data blocks to be recorded, each said data transfer unit of data blocks having a given number of data bytes not less than said first predetermined number and includes one or more of said addressable data blocks;

allocation means in the programmed machine connected to the selection means for responding to said given number to indicate that said data transfer units of data blocks each requires a first number of said addressable data storage areas for storage in the data storage unit and for indicating that all of said first number of said indicated addressable data storage areas are allocated for storing data from respective ones of said selected data transfer units;

compression means in the programmed machine connected to the selection means for receiving and compressing said data transfer units of data blocks into respective compressed blocks to be respectively recorded in a second number of said first number of addressable data storage areas, said second number being equal to or less than said first number;

data access means in said data storage device and being connected to said compression means for respectively receiving and then respectively recording said compressed blocks in said second predetermined ones of said first number of said addressable data storage areas and indicating that the respective compressed block is recorded in the respective ones of said second predetermined ones of said first number of said addressable data storage areas; and

directory means in the programmed machine and connected to said data access means and to said allocation means for receiving said indications of said allocation and said indications of said second ones of said first number of said addressable data storage areas for indicating that said compressed blocks are recorded in said respective second predetermined ones of said first number of said addressable data storage areas and that said recorded compressed blocks contain respective ones of said selected data transfer units of data blocks and that a plurality of said data transfer units of data blocks have been separately compressed and recorded in respective ones of said compressed blocks.

2. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

range means in said programmed machine indicating a range of number of bytes to be used for transferring said said data transfer units between said programmed machine and said data storage device; and

said selection means being connected to said range means for receiving said range indication and responding to the received range indication for selecting said given number of said data blocks to be within said indicated range of data bytes such that each of said data transfer units has a number of bytes of data within said indicated range of number of bytes.

3. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

CKD means for supplying a plurality of CKD data blocks;

said data storage device having a CKD formatted disk for receiving and recording CKD data;

said selection means being connected to said CKD means for receiving and selecting a predetermined number of said CKD data blocks for creating said data transfer units of data blocks;

said data access means having CKD recording means for receiving and recording each of said compressed blocks as a single record on said CKD formatted disk; and

repeat means connected to said selection means and to said CKD means for repeatedly actuating the CKD means to supply said data transfer units of data blocks for compression and recording in said respective CKD records.

4. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

said programmed machine including a host processor connected to a peripheral controller, said data storage device being connected to said peripheral controller;

an FBA sectored disk in said data storage device, said FBA sectored disk having a plurality of addressable sectors, each said sector being one of said addressable data storage areas; and

said selection means having FBA means for selecting said data blocks for creating said data transfer units to be recorded in a predetermined number of said sectors on said FBA sectored disk; and

repeat means connected to said selection means and said compression means for repeatedly actuating the selection means and said compression means for respectively creating a plurality of said data transfer units of data blocks from said data blocks for compression and compressing each of said created data transfer units of data blocks as a compressed block for recording said compressed blocks on said FBA sectored disk such that said file of data blocks is recorded in compressed form on said FBA sectored disk in a plurality of said compressed blocks.

5. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

an FBA formatted disk in said data storage device, said FBA formatted disk having a plurality of addressable sectors for receiving and recording data, each of said sectors having a predetermined data storage capacity indicated by a predetermined number of data bytes; and

said selection means being connected to the FBA formatted disk for responding to said sector data storing capacity for selecting said given number of bytes of data to be said predetermined number of bytes in each of said sectors.

6. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

data recording management means connected to said directory means and to said data access means for actuating the directory means to establish a plurality of said file directories, one file directory for each said compressed block;

said recording management means actuating said directory means to record in each of said file directories a number of said data blocks to be included in each of said data transfer units of data blocks and including recording a maximum number of bytes to be included in any one of said data transfer units; and

said selection means being connected to said directory means for reading said maximum number of bytes and said number of data blocks and responding to said read numbers to select said data transfer units.

7. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

update means connected to said selection means and to said allocations means for actuating said selection means to update a predetermined one of said recorded compressed blocks with updated data blocks including receiving updated ones of said data blocks and creating a new data transfer unit of data blocks to include said updated data blocks;

said compression means receiving and compressing said new data transfer unit into a new compression block; and

said update means connected to said allocation means for actuating the allocation means to allocate a number of said addressable data storage areas for receiving and recording said new compression block in said data storage device.

8. In the apparatus set forth in claim 1 further including, in combination:

first means in said allocation means for allocating predetermined ones of said addressable data storing areas for receiving and recording each of said compressed blocks; and

second means in said allocation means responsive to said first means allocating said predetermined ones of said addressable data storage areas to deallocate second predetermined ones of said addressable data storage areas that recorded respective ones of said compressed blocks having identical identifications as data blocks recorded in said first means allocated predetermined ones of said addressable data storage areas.

9. In a machine-effected method of compressing and recording data blocks onto a data storage medium having a plurality of addressable data storage areas, including machine-executed steps of:

first selecting a plurality of data blocks of a file to be compressed and recorded on the data storage medium;

second selecting a plurality of submultiples of said selected data blocks respectively as a plurality of data transfer units;

estimating a maximum number of said addressable data storage areas to be allocated for storing said selected plurality of data blocks after compression in said data storage medium;

allocating said maximum number of said addressable data storage areas to receive and store said selected plurality of data blocks in a compressed form and indicating the allocation of said addressable data storage areas;

compressing and recording each of said data transfer units as respective compressed blocks including recording each of said compressed blocks as a separately recorded record; and

creating and maintaining a separate file directory indicating the address and size of each of said recorded compressed block for enabling random access to each said recorded compressed block such that less than an entirety of said file of data blocks are retrieved from said data storage medium for accessing only predetermined ones of said recorded blocks less than all of said recorded compressed blocks and modifying said indicated allocation to indicate a number of said addressable data storage areas storing said compressed block.

10. In the machine-effected method set forth in claim 9 further including machine-executed steps of:

establishing a data storage space management for said file including establishing said file directory to include indications of a desired size in data bytes of each of said data transfer unfits and establishing one entry in the file directory for each of said recorded compressed blocks.

11. In the machine-effected method set forth in claim 9 further including machine-executed steps of:

before recording one of said compressed blocks, allocating a first number of said addressable data storage areas of the record medium for recording said one compressed blocks; and

after recording said one compressed data block, deallocating a second number of said addressable data storage areas that contain a recorded compressed blocks wherein said second number is less than said first number.

12. In the machine-effected method set forth in claim 9 further including machine-executed steps of:

supplying CKD formatted data blocks of one CKD formatted file and selecting said CKD data blocks to be compressed and recorded;

separately compressing a plurality of said data transfer units of said CKD data blocks into respective ones of said compressed blocks; and

recording the plurality of compressed blocks as one record on a CKD formatted record member.

13. In the machine-effected method set forth in claim 9 further including machine-executed steps of:

selecting an FBA formatted record medium to be said record medium, selecting said FBA formatted record medium to have a plurality of addressable data-storing sectors, selecting each data-storing sector to be capable of recording a given number of data bytes; and

selecting said data transfer units to respectively have a first predetermined number of said data blocks have a number of uncompressed data bytes equal to a data storage capacity, in data bytes, of a second predetermined number of said data-storing sectors.

14. In the machine-effected method set forth in claim 9 further including machine-executed steps of:

setting a range of number of bytes to be included in each of said data transfer units; and

selecting a number of said data blocks for inclusion is each of said data transfer units such that said selected number of data bytes for each of said data transfer units is within said range.