Microstrip patch antenna

• US 5,400,040 A
• Filed: 04/28/1993
• Issued: 03/21/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/28/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Biondi, Joseph P., Lane, Jeffrey P., Pleva, Joseph S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hajec, Donald
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wigmore, Steven
• Application Number:
  US08/054,377
• Time in Patent Office: 692 Days
• Field of Search: 343/822, 343/846, 343/873, 343/700 MS
• US Class Current: 343/700.0MS
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/286 substantially flush mounted with the skin of the craft
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/065 Patch antenna array
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/0407 Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna dipole H01Q9/285; monopole H01Q9/40

Abstract

A patch radiator antenna is described including a sheet of conductive material and a dielectric substrate having a first and second surface, the sheet of conductive material disposed upon the first surface of the dielectric substrate. The patch radiator antenna further includes a plurality of patch radiator elements disposed upon the second surface of the dielectric substrate, each one of the plurality of patch radiator elements having sides with a width and a length. The plurality of patch radiator elements include a first patch radiator element having a feed probe to couple the first patch radiator element to an RF signal source and at least one second patch radiator element including a microstrip feed along the width of the patch radiator element, the at least one second patch radiator element disposed fore of the first patch radiator element. The patch radiator antenna further includes a strip conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end connected to the microstrip feed and the second end connected along the length of the first patch radiator element. With such an arrangement, a corporate feed for each patch radiator element is eliminated, thus reducing feed line radiation.

Claims

1. A patch radiator antenna comprising:

a sheet of conductive material;

a dielectric substrate having a first and second surface, the sheet of conductive material disposed upon the first surface of the dielectric substrate;

a plurality of patch radiator elements disposed upon the second surface of the dielectric substrate, each one of the plurality of patch radiator elements having sides with a width and a length, said plurality of patch radiator elements comprising;

a first patch radiator element comprising a feed probe to couple said first patch radiator element to an RF signal source;

at least one second patch radiator element comprising a microstrip feed along the width of the second patch radiator element, the at least one second patch radiator element disposed fore of the first patch radiator element which is disposed aft of the at least one second patch radiator element; and

a third different patch radiator element comprising a microstrip feed along the width of the third different patch radiator element, the third different patch radiator element disposed fore of the first patch radiator element which is disposed aft of the third different patch radiator, the patch radiator antenna further comprising a first strip conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end connected to the microstrip feed of the third different patch radiator element and the second end connected along the length of the first patch radiator element; and

a second strip conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end connected to the microstrip feed and the second end connected along the length of the first patch radiator element.

2. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 1 wherein the width of each one of the patch radiator elements is approximately 0.3174 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough and the length of each one of the patch radiator elements is approximately 0.2916 wavelengths of the signal propagating therethrough.

3. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 1 wherein the second patch radiator element having a center is disposed adjacent the third different patch radiator element having a center with a center to center spacing of approximately 0.8213 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough.

4. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 3 wherein the first patch radiator element having a center is disposed with the center of the first patch radiator element spaced approximately 0.3231 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough from a point centered between the centers of the second patch radiator element and the third patch radiator element.

5. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 1 wherein the at least one second patch radiator element further comprises a notch having a depth with an end and the microstrip feed is disposed at the end of the depth of the notch.

6. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 5 wherein the depth of the notch is approximately 0.0305 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough.

7. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 1 wherein the second end of the strip conductor is connected to the first patch radiator element having a corner at a distance approximately 0.0188 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough along the length from the corner.

8. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 1 further comprising a second different dielectric substrate having a surface disposed adjacent the plurality of patch radiator elements to protect the plurality of patch radiator elements from the environment.

9. A patch radiator antenna comprising:

a first patch radiator having a pair of length edges; and

means for providing an image patch radiator element fore of the first patch radiator for providing a desired end fire excitation, said providing means comprising;

a second patch radiator having a microstrip feed, the second patch radiator disposed fore of the first patch radiator which is disposed aft of the second patch radiator;

a third patch radiator having a microstrip feed, the third patch radiator disposed fore of the first patch radiator which is disposed aft of the third patch radiator; and

means for coupling a portion of RF energy propagating therethrough between the first patch radiator and the second patch radiator and between the first patch radiator and the third patch radiator, said coupling means comprising a first strip conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end connected to the first patch radiator along one of the length edges and the second end connected to the microstrip feed of the second patch radiator and a second strip conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end connected to the first patch radiator along a different one of the length edges and the second end connected to the microstrip feed of the third patch radiator.

10. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 9 further comprising:

a first and second dielectric substrate, each dielectric substrate having a first and second surface, the first patch radiator disposed between the second surface of the first dielectric substrate and the first surface of the second dielectric substrate; and

a sheet of conductive material disposed on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate.

11. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 9 wherein the patch radiators, each having a width and a length, are disposed with the width of each one of the patch radiators is approximately 0.3174 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough and the length of each one of the patch radiators is approximately 0.2916 wavelengths of the signal propagating therethrough.

12. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 9 wherein the second and the third patch radiator further comprises a notch having a depth with an end and the microstrip feed is disposed at the end of the depth of the notch.

13. The patch radiator antenna as recited in claim 12 wherein the depth of the notch is approximately 0.0305 wavelengths of a signal propagating therethrough.

14. A method of providing a patch radiator antenna comprising the steps of:

providing a dielectric substrate having a first and second surface with a conductive material disposed on the first surface;

disposing a plurality of patch radiator elements on the second surface of the dielectric substrate, each one of the plurality of patch radiator elements having a width and a length; and

connecting a first patch radiator element to a second and a third different patch radiator element with a respective first and second strip conductor having a first end and a second end, said second and third different patch radiator element disposed fore of the first patch radiator element, the first end of the first strip conductor connected along the width of the second patch radiator element and the second end of the first strip conductor connected along the length of the first patch radiator and the first end of the second strip conductor connected along the width of the third patch radiator element and the second end of the second strip conductor connected along an opposing length of the first patch radiator.

15. The method as recited in claim 14 further comprising the steps of:

providing a coaxial probe feed to the first patch radiator element to provide a feed for the patch radiator antenna.

16. The method as recited in claim 14 further comprising the steps of:

providing a second dielectric substrate having a first and second surface with the plurality of patch radiator elements disposed adjacent the first surface, said second dielectric substrate surrounding said first dielectric substrate.