Optical collimating device employing cholesteric liquid crystal and a non-transmissive reflector

• US 5,408,346 A
• Filed: 10/20/1993
• Issued: 04/18/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kaiser Electro-Optics, Inc. (Rockwell Collins, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Kaiser Electro-Optics, Inc. (Rockwell Collins, Inc.)
• Inventors: DeFoe, Douglas N., Trissel, Richard G.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Time in patent office: 545 Days
• Field of Search: 359/38, 359/37, 359/65, 359/70, 359/101, 359/641, 359/629, 359/630, 359/631, 359/632, 359/633, 359/634
• US Class Current: 349/115
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/30 Collimators
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/3016 involving passive liquid crystal elements optical properties of liquid crystals G02F1/0063; polarising elements associated with active liquid crystal devices G02F1/133528

Abstract

An optical collimating device employs an optical (concave) mirror and cholesteric liquid crystal element to collimate and project image light into the line-of-sight of an observer in efficient manner. Image light is generated with light components within a predetermined bandwidth and with a predetermined rotary sense. The image light is directed so that it is reflected by the concave mirror, expanding (collimating) the image light, projecting in onto a cholesteric liquid crystal element that reflects those components of the image light within the bandwidth B and having the proper rotary sense of circular polarization. The cholesteric liquid crystal element substantially reflects the returned image to the observer.

Claims

1. An optical collimating apparatus for focussing an image at infinity or at a desired finite distance as viewed by an observer, the image being formed by an image means to include circular polarized image light having components within a predetermined bandwidth and of a first rotary sense of circular polarization, the apparatus comprising:

a cholesteric liquid crystal element of the type reflective to light within the predetermined bandwidth and of a first rotary sense of circular polarization; and

a non-transmissive optical mirror positioned to receive and reflect the image light to the cholesteric liquid crystal element, reversing the rotary sense of circular polarization in so doing;

whereby the cholesteric liquid crystal element and the optical mirror are arranged and positioned so that image light from the image means is reflected or transmitted by the cholesteric liquid crystal element then received and reflected by the optical mirror with reversal of the rotary sense of the image light components to the choesteric liquid crystal element and into the line-of-sight of the observer.

2. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image light received by the optical mirror for reflection to the cholesteric liquid crystal element includes image light components within the predetermined bandwidth and with the a rotary sense of circular polarization opposite from the first rotary sense of circular polarization.

3. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cholesteric liquid crystal element transmits the image light components reflected to it by the optical mirror into the line of sight of the observer.

4. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cholesteric liquid crystal element reflects the image light components reflected to it by the optical mirror into the line of sight of the observer.

5. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the image means includes liquid crystal means for forming the image light.

6. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 5, including means for circularly polarizing the image light formed by the liquid crystal means.

7. An optical collimating apparatus for focussing an image at infinity or at a desired finite distance as viewed by an observer, the image being formed by an image means to include image light having components within a predetermined bandwidth and of a predetermined rotary sense of circular polarization, the apparatus comprising:

a cholesteric liquid crystal element of the type reflective to light of the predetermined bandwidth and the predetermined rotary sense of circular polarization; and

a non-transmissive optical mirror;

whereby the cholesteric liquid crystal element and the optical mirror are arranged and positioned so that the image light from the image means is projected onto the cholesteric liquid crystal element, and the components of the image light having the predetermined bandwidth and rotary sense are reflected to the optical mirror to be reflected back to the cholesteric liquid crystal element and into the line-of-sight of the observer.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the optical mirror includes a concave, reflective surface operating to receive and expand the image light reflected by the optical mirror to the cholesteric liquid crystal element.

9. An optical collimating apparatus for focussing image light into the line-of-sight of an observer for viewing as if at infinity or at a desired finite distance from the observer, the apparatus comprising:

image means for generating an image having light image components within a predetermined bandwidth and having at lease a first rotary sense;

reflecting means positioned to receive the light images from the image means for reflecting the light image components, and for transmitting light images having a second rotary sense opposite from the first rotary sense; and

non-transmissive optical means positioned to receive and reflect back to the reflecting means and into the line-of-sight of the observer the light image components reflected by the reflecting means, the optical focussing means including means for reversing the rotary sense of the received image light components.

10. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reflecting means is positioned and constructed to superimpose the light images from the image means onto a forward field of view of the observer.

11. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 10, wherein the optical means is an optical mirror having a concave reflecting surface for receiving and reflecting light images back to the reflecting means.

12. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 11, wherein the curved surface is spherical.

13. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 9, wherein the reflecting means is a cholesteric liquid crystal element.

14. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 13, wherein said image means is a liquid crystal display device operating to produce linearly polarized light, and including means for converting the linearly polarized light to at least the first rotary sense.

15. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 14, wherein the converting means is a one-quarter wave retarder element.

16. The optical collimating of claim 9, including a second image means operating to produce and second image having light components within the predetermined bandwidth and of the predetermined rotary sense, the image means being relatively positioned so that the light components of the second image are reflected by the reflecting means directly to the observer.

17. The optical collimating apparatus of claim 9, including light generating means for projecting light onto the image means to produce at least the image light components.

18. A method for optically collimating an image at infinity or at a desired finite distance from an observer, comprising the steps of:

causing to be incident upon a cholesteric liquid crystal element image light having image light components within a predetermined bandwidth and of a predetermined rotary sense of circular polarization, the cholesteric liquid crystal element being constructed to be reflective to image light components of the predetermined bandwidth and of the predetermined rotary sense;

positioning the cholesteric liquid crystal element to reflect said image light components to an optical focussing mirror;

positioning a nontransmissive focussing mirror to reflect the image light components back toward said cholesteric liquid crystal element; and

transmitting the image light components reflected from the optical focussing mirror to said observer.

19. An system for collimating and projecting an image into the line of sight of an observer, comprising:

image generating means for producing the image having at least image light components within a predetermined bandwidth and of first and second rotary sense of circular polarization, the first rotary sense being opposite form the second rotary sense;

reflecting means constructed to be transmissive to the image light components within the predetermined bandwidth and of the first rotary sense and to be reflective to the image light components within the predetermined bandwidth and of the second rotary sense;

a first optical mirror; and

a second optical mirror;

whereby the reflecting means is relatively positioned

(1) to receive the image and to transmit the image light components within the predetermined bandwidth and of the first rotary sense to the first optical mirror for reflection back to the reflecting means with the rotary sense reversed to reflect the image light components from the first optical mirror into the line of sight of the observer, and

(2) to reflect the image components from the image source within the predetermined bandwidth and of the second rotary sense to the second optical mirror for reflection back to the reflecting means with reversal from the second rotary sense to the first rotary sense to transmit the image light components from the second optical mirror into the line of sight of the observer.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the image means is a liquid crystal device.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein there is included a one-quarter wavelength retarder for transmitting the image light of the liquid crystal device to the reflecting means.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the reflecting means is a cholesteric liquid crystal element.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein the first and second optical mirrors each include curved surfaces for receiving and reflecting image light from the reflecting means.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the curved surface of the first and the second optical mirrors is spherical.

25. The system of claim 19, wherein the reflecting means includes a cholesteric liquid crystal element.