Switching mode power supplies

• US 5,428,286 A
• Filed: 05/24/1994
• Issued: 06/27/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/14/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Astec International Limited (Emerson Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Astec International Limited (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Kha, Kim L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dougherty, Thomas M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BERHANE, ADOLF D
• Application Number:
  US08/248,595
• Time in Patent Office: 399 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/282, 323/285, 323/351, 323/205, 323/210, 363/16
• US Class Current: 323/285
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/565 sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor G05F1/563 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0009 Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4225 using a non-isolated boost converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1563 without using an external clock H02M3/158 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A switching mode power supply is disclosed in which an input voltage is modulated by a switch and the modulated waveform is passed through an inductance, rectified and filtered to provide an output of a controlled value, and in which to determine the current passing through the inductance, the smaller of the root mean square (rms) current through the switch and the rms current through the rectifier is measured by including a current measuring resistor in series with that respective component, and the current through the other component is measured by including a current-sensing transformer in series with that component, the current through the inductor then being determinable as the combination of the other two currents.

Claims

1. A switching mode power supply comprising:

an inductance;

a switch having alternating ON and OFF periods for coupling an input voltage to said inductance during said ON periods to cause a current to flow in said inductance;

a rectifier for coupling the current flowing through said inductance to an output during the OFF periods of said switch, each of said switch and said rectifier having a respective current flowing therethrough and each said current having a respective root-means-square (RMS) value, one of said switch or said rectifier having a smaller RMS current value than the other thereof; and

means for determining the current flowing through said inductance, said means including a current-sensing resistor coupled in series with the one of said switch or said rectifier having the smaller RMS current value for measuring the current flowing therethrough, and a current-sensing transformer coupled in series with the one of said switch or said rectifier having the larger RMS current value for measuring the current flowing therethrough, said current-sensing resistor and said current-sensing transformer generating respective representations of the sensed currents flowing therethrough such that said respective representations are combinable to provide a representation of the current flowing through said inductance.

2. A power supply as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a power factor control circuit responsive to said means for determining the current through said inductance for controlling the operation of said switch such that the power factor of said power supply is enabled to be controlled.

3. A power supply as claimed in claim 1 wherein said power supply comprises a boost converter.

4. A power supply as claimed in claim 1 wherein said power supply comprises a buck converter.

5. A power supply as claimed in claim 1 wherein said power supply comprises a buck boost converter.

6. The power supply of claim 1 wherein said means for determining the current flowing through said inductance further comprises a means for generating a representation of the current through said inductance from said representations of the sensed currents.

7. The power supply of claim 6 wherein said means for generating said representation of current through said inductance further includes a resistor coupled across said secondary winding for resetting said current-sensing transformer during the times when current is not conducted through the high RMS-current branch.

8. The power supply of claim 6 wherein the one of said switch or said rectifier having the smaller RMS current value comprises a low RMS-current branch and wherein the one of said switch or said rectifier having the larger RMS current value comprises a high RMS-current branch;

wherein said current-sensing transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, said primary winding being coupled in series with the high RMS-current branch; and

wherein said means for generating said representation of current through said inductance includes a circuit node where a voltage representation of the current through said inductance is generated, a series circuit comprising a first resistor, a rectifier, and said secondary winding which generates a voltage across said first resistor related to the current flowing through the high RMS-current branch when current flows through said high RMS-current branch, and means for coupled said voltage generated across said first resistor to said circuit node.

9. The power supply of claim 8 wherein said means for generating said representation of current through said inductance further includes means for coupling the voltage generated across said current-sensing resistor to said circuit node when current flows through said low RMS-current branch.

10. The power supply of claim 9 wherein said current-sensing resistor is coupled in series with said series circuit, and wherein said first resistor couples the voltage generated across said current-sensing resistor to said circuit node when current flows through said low RMS-current branch.

11. The power supply of claim 10 wherein a first terminal of said current-sensing resistor is coupled to a first terminal of said first resistor, wherein a second terminal of said first resistor is coupled to said circuit node, and wherein said means for generating said representation of current through said inductance further includes a capacitor coupled between said circuit node and a second terminal of said current-sensing resistor.