Matrix coating for sensing surfaces capable of selective biomolecular interactions, to be used in biosensor systems

• US 5,436,161 A
• Filed: 07/22/1994
• Issued: 07/25/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 11/10/1988
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB (General Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Pharmacia Biosensor AB
• Inventors: Johnsson, Bo, Lofaas, Stefan, Bergstrom, Jan
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US08/279,089
• Time in Patent Office: 368 Days
• Field of Search: 422/57, 422/58, 422/61, 422/82.11, 422/82.05, 435/808, 435/291, 356/318, 356/445, 385/12
• US Class Current: 422/425
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/002 Electrode membranes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54353 with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent coatings G01N33/54393
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54393 Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/553 Metal or metal coated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/808 Optical sensing apparatus

Abstract

A matrix coating suitable for use in a biosensor is provided. This matrix coating comprises a hydrogel bound to a surface and via which a desired ligand can be bound. This hydrogel is activated to contain charged groups for bringing about the concentration of biomolecules carrying an opposite charge to that of said charged groups, and reactive groups for covalently binding the biomolecules concentrated to the matrix coating.

Claims

1. A matrix coating suitable for use in a biosensor, comprising a hydrogel which is bound to a surface and via which a desired ligand can be bound, which hydrogel is activated to contain (i) charged groups for bringing about a concentration of biomolecules carrying an opposite charge to that of said charged groups, and (ii) reactive groups for covalently binding said biomolecules concentrated to said matrix coating.

2. The matrix coating according to claim 1, wherein said hydrogel is a polysaccharide or a swellable organic polymer.

3. The matrix coating according to claim 2, wherein said hydrogel is a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of agarose, dextran, carrageenan, alginic acid, starch, and cellulose, and a derivative of any of the foregoing.

4. The matrix coating according to claim 3, wherein said hydrogel consists of dextran.

5. The matrix coating according to claim 4, wherein said charged groups and said reactive groups of said dextran are carboxyl groups, part of which are in the form of reactive esters, hydrazides, thiols, or reactive disulfide-containing derivatives.

6. The matrix coating according to claim 5, wherein the reactive disulfide-containing derivative is the product of a reaction between a reactive ester and 2-(2-pyridinyldithio) ethanamine.

7. The matrix coating according to claim 5, wherein said hydrogel contains a 2-aminoethanethiol derivative.

8. The matrix coating according to claim 2, wherein said hydrogel is a swellable organic polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol, and polyacryl amide.

9. The matrix coating according to claim 2, wherein said charged groups and said reactive groups of said hydrogel are carboxyl groups, part of which are in the form of reactive esters, hydrazides, thiols, or reactive disulfide-containing derivatives.

10. The matrix coating according to claim 1, wherein said charged groups and said reactive groups of said hydrogel are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, amino groups, aldehyde groups, carbonyl groups, epoxy groups, and vinyl groups for immobilizing a desired ligand, and, optionally, a biospecific ligand bound via said groups.

11. The matrix coating according to claim 1, wherein said charged groups are carboxyl groups.

12. The matrix coating according to claim 1, wherein the reactive groups are reactive esters, hydrazides or reactive disulfide-containing derivatives.

13. The matrix coating according to claim 12, wherein the reactive disulfide-containing derivative is the product of a reaction between a reactive ester and 2-(2-pyridinyldithio) ethanamine.

14. The matrix coating according to claim 12, wherein said hydrogel contains a 2-aminoethanethiol derivative.

15. A sensing element suitable for use in a biosensor, comprising:

a substrate; and

a matrix coating comprising a hydrogel supported on said substrate via which a desired ligand can be bound, which hydrogel has been activated to contain (i) charged groups for bringing about a concentration of biomolecules carrying an opposite charge to that of said charged groups, and (ii) reactive groups for covalently binding said biomolecules concentrated on said matrix coating.