Medical network management system and process

• US 5,471,382 A
• Filed: 01/10/1994
• Issued: 11/28/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dennis T. Nealon, Joan L. Nealon, iMcKesson LLC (McKesson Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Informed Access Systems Incorporated
• Inventors: Wolcott, Barry W., Tallman, Joseph P., Snowden, Elizabeth M.
• Primary Examiner(s): McElheny, Jr., Donald E.
• Application Number:
  US08/180,090
• Time in Patent Office: 687 Days
• Field of Search: 364/413.01, 364/413.02, 364/413.03, 364/406
• US Class Current: 600/300
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 10/20 for electronic clinical trials or questionnaires
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 10/60 for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/20 for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities, e.g. managing hospital staff or surgery rooms
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/30 for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 70/60 relating to pathologies
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/92 Computer assisted medical diagnostics

Abstract

In a medical network management system (NMS) (20), health plan beneficiaries access a team of health care professionals over the telephone to help them assess their health needs and select appropriate care. The NMS (20) has a patient assessment component (22). The patient assessment component consists of a set of information tools which are used by health care professionals to assess patient conditions and assist in the selection of health care services and to help patients find appropriate care at the appropriate time. The tools include a comprehensive, automated set of proprietary assessment algorithms (26) which are based on branched chain algorithms utilizing Bayes theorem. These unique, clinical tools enable a trained nurse or other health care professional to sort patients into different risk categories, safely and effectively without requiring a medical diagnosis. Patients can then be guided to an appropriate level and type of care for their problem(s) based on their level of risk and set of potential needs.

Claims

1. A medical network management system for managing access to medical providers which comprises a data processing system including a memory, a display, and input means, said memory containing a patient assessment stored program and a patient database, said patient assessment stored program including means for checking patient eligibility, means for selecting a branched chain logic algorithm for assessing a patient'"'"'s level of medical risk and determining an appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care, and a plurality of branched chain logic algorithms, each of said branched chain logic algorithms for assessing the patient'"'"'s level of medical risk and determining an appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care, said data processing system being configured by said patient assessment stored program when executed on said data processing system to present a first series of questions on said display for checking patient eligibility to receive medical care, to receive a first series of answers responsive to the first series of questions from said input means, to supply the first series of answers to said means for checking patient eligibility which accesses said patient database to check patient eligibility to present a second series of questions on said display for selecting one of said plurality of branched chain algorithms, to receive a second series of answers responsive to the second series of questions from said input means, to supply the second series of answers to said means for selecting a branched chain logic algorithm which selects one of said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms, to use the selected branched chain logic algorithm to present questions to the display, receive answers from the input means, present further questions to the display based on the answers, receive further answers from the input means, assess the patient'"'"'s level of medical risk, and determined an appropriate timing, type and level of medical care and to provide the timing, type, and level of medical care determination on said display each of said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no", answers to said questions being used by said data processing system to categorize the patient either as having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as not to justify further medical provider care or as not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further medical provider care.

2. The medical network management system of claim 1 in which the appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care include immediate emergency care by a medical provider, urgent care by a medical provider, immediate consultation with a medical provider, an appointment with a medical provider, or self care.

3. The medical network management system of claim 1 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for providing a plurality of self-care instructions to the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said patient assessment stored program to provide the plurality of self-care instructions on said display.

4. The medical network management system of claim 1 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for scheduling follow-up with the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said patient assessment stored program to provide a follow-up reminder for the patient on said display.

5. The medical network management system of claim 1 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms is organized by clinical codes.

6. The medical network management system of claim 5 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are further organized by procedural codes.

7. The medical network management system of claim 6 in which said memory additionally contains a medical provider information stored program and a medical provider database, said data processing system further being configured to link said patient assessment stored program and said patient database to said medical provider information stored program and said medical provider database with said clinical codes and with patient information from said database when said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider stored program are executed on said data processing system.

8. The medical network management system of claim 7 in which said medical provider information stored program includes a means for selecting a medical provider for the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said medical provider information stored program to make a medical provider selection for the patient from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the patient information and to provide the medical provider selection on said display screen.

9. The medical network management system of claim 8 in which said medical provider information stored program further includes a means for referring the patient to the medical provider.

10. The medical network management system of claim 1 in which said memory additionally comprises a stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms.

11. The medical network management system of claim 10 in which each of said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms is configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no", said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms includes a yes-no logic block for generating the questions answerable with "yes" or "no" and an endpoint logic block for generating endpoints in said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms.

12. The medical network management system of claim 12 in which said stored program editor for generating said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms further includes a means for integrating new branched chain logic algorithms generated with said stored program editor with said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms.

13. In a data processing system including a display and input means, a process for managing health care, which comprises presenting a first series of questions on said display to select one of a plurality of branched chain logic algorithms which assess the patient'"'"'s level of medical risk and determine an appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care, receiving a first series of answers responsive to the first series of questions from the input means, using the first series of answers to select one of said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms, presenting in accordance with the selected branched chain logic algorithm a second series of questions on said display, receiving a second series of answers responsive to the second series of questions from the input means, presenting further questions to the display determined by the second series of answers, receiving further answers from the input means, assessing the patient'"'"'s level of risk, categorizing the patient either as having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as not to justify further medical provider care, or as not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further medical provider care and determining an appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care.

14. The process of claim 13 additionally comprising the steps of presenting a third series of questions on said display for checking patient eligibility to receive medical care, entering a third series of answers responsive to the third series of questions from the input means, and using the third series of answers to determine patient eligibility to receive medical care.

15. The process of claim 13 in which the second series of questions are answerable with "yes" or "no", answers to said questions being used by said data processing system to categorize the patient either as having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as not to justify further medical provider care, or as not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further medical provider care.

16. The process of claim 13 in which the appropriate timing, type, and level of medical care include immediate emergency care by a medical provider, urgent care by a medical provider, immediate consultation with a medical provider, an appointment with a medical provider, or self care.

17. The process of claim 16 in which the process includes making a self care recommendation to the patient, and providing a plurality of self-care instructions on said display.

18. The process of claim 13 in which the process includes scheduling follow-up with the patient, and providing a follow-up reminder for the patient on said display.

19. The process of claim 18 in which in which the plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are organized by clinical codes.

20. The process of claim 19 in which the plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are further organized by procedural codes.

21. The process of claim 18 in which the process further includes making a medical provider selection for the patient from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the recommendation.

22. In combination, a data processing system having a memory, a patient assessment stored program in said memory utilizing a plurality of branched chain logic algorithms, and a stored program editor in said memory for generating branched chain logic algorithms when executed on said data processing system, said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms each being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when executed on said data processing system, said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms including a yes-no logic block for generating the questions answerable with "yes" or "no" and an endpoint logic block for generating endpoints in said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms.

23. The combination of claim 22 in which said stored program editor for generating said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms further includes a means for integrating new branched chain logic algorithms generated with said stored program editor with said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms.

24. In combination, a data processing system having a memory and a patient assessment stored program in said memory, said patient assessment stored program including a plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms, said plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms each being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, answers to said questions being used by said data processing system when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system to categorize the patient as either having a sufficiently low post-test probability of a specific illness or injury under consideration so as not to justify further medical provider care for the specific illness or injury, or as not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of an illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further medical provider care for the specific illness or injury.

25. The combination of claim 24 in which said patient assessment stored program is further configured to make a medical care timing and level of medical care recommendation in response to patient answers to the questions.

26. The combination of claim 25 in which the appropriate timing and level of medical care include immediate emergency care by a medical provider, urgent care by a medical provider, immediate consultation with a medical provider, an appointment with a medical provider, or self care.

27. The combination of claim 26 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for providing a plurality of self-care instructions to the patient.

28. The combination of claim 25 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for scheduling follow-up with the patient.

29. The combination of claim 24 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are organized by clinical codes.

30. The combination of claim 29 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are further organized by procedural codes.

31. The combination of claim 29 in which said data processing system additionally includes a medical provider information stored program, a medical provider database and a patient database in said memory, said data processing system further being configured to link said patient assessment stored program and said patient database with said medical provider information stored program and said medical provider database with said clinical codes and with patient information from said patient database when said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider stored program are executed on said data processing system.

32. The combination of claim 31 in which said medical provider information stored program includes a means for selecting a medical provider for the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said medical provider information stored program to make a medical provider selection for the patient from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the patient information when said medical provider stored program is executed on said data processing system.

33. The combination of claim 32 in which said medical provider information stored program further includes a means for referring the patient to the medical provider when said medical provider stored program is executed on said data processing system.

34. The combination of claim 24 in which said data processing system additionally includes a stored program editor in said memory for generating branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

35. The combination of claim 34 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are each configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms including a yes-no logic block for generating the questions answerable with "yes" or "no" and an endpoint logic block for generating endpoints in said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

36. The combination of claim 35 in which said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms further includes a means for integrating new branched chain logic algorithms generated with said stored program editor with said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

37. In combination, a data processing system having a memory and a patient assessment stored program in said memory, said patient assessment stored program including a plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms, each of said plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, each of the answers to said questions being used by said data processing system when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system to make a categorization of the patient as either:

(a) having a sufficiently low post-test probability of a specific illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness or injury under consideration;

or

(b) not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of the specific illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness or injury under consideration;

the answers further being used with the categorization to recommend an appropriate intervention for the specific illness or injury under consideration.

38. The combination of claim 37 wherein the appropriate intervention has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of level of intervention, timing of intervention, place of intervention, nature of intervention, type of medical facility, and type of provider.

39. The combination of claim 38 wherein the nature of intervention is selected from the group consisting of immediate emergency care by a medical provider, urgent care by a medical provider, immediate consultation with a medical provider, an appointment with a medical provider, and self care.

40. The combination of claim 39 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for providing a plurality of self-care instructions to the patient.

41. The combination of claim 37 in which said patient assessment stored program further includes means for scheduling follow-up with the patient.

42. The combination of claim 37 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms is organized by clinical codes.

43. The combination of claim 42 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms is further organized by procedural codes.

44. The combination of claim 42 in which said data processing system additionally includes a medical provider information stored program, a medical provider database, and a patient database in said memory, said data processing system further being configured to link said patient assessment stored program and said patient database with said medical provider information stored program and said medical provider database with said clinical codes and with patient information from said patient database when said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider stored program are executed on said data processing system.

45. The combination of claim 44 in which said medical provider information stored program includes a means for selecting a medical provider for the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said medical provider information stored program to make a medical provider selection for the patient from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the patient information when said medical provider stored program is executed on said data processing system.

46. The combination of claim 45 in which said medical provider information stored program further includes a means for referring the patient to the medical provider when said medical provider stored program is executed on said data processing system.

47. The combination of claim 37 in which said data processing system additionally includes a stored program editor in said memory for generating branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

48. The combination of claim 47 in which said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms are each configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms including a yes-no logic block for generating the questions answerable with "yes" or "no" and an endpoint logic block for generating endpoints in said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

49. The combination of claim 48 in which said stored program editor for generating branched chain logic algorithms further includes a means for integrating new branched chain logic algorithms generated using said stored program editor with said plurality of branched chain logic algorithms when said stored program editor is executed on said data processing system.

50. In combination, a data processing system having a memory, a medical provider information stored program, and a medical provider database describing clinical services or procedures available from each provider by clinical codes or procedure codes stored in said memory, said data processing system being configured by said medical provider information stored program when executed by said data processing system to use said clinical codes or said procedural codes to identify a medical provider from said medical provider database for providing a specific medical service to a patient.

51. The combination of claim 50 in which a patient assessment stored program is additionally stored in said memory, said patient assessment stored program including a plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms, each of said plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, each of the answers to said questions being used by said data processing system when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system to make a categorization of the patient as either:

(a) having a sufficiently low post-test probability of a specific illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness or injury under consideration;

or

(b) not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of the specific illness or injury under consideration so as to eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness or injury under consideration;

the answers further being used with the categorization to recommend an appropriate intervention for the specific illness or injury under consideration, said data processing system further being configured by said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider information stored program when executed by said data processing system to link said patient assessment stored program to said medical provider information stored program and said medical provider database with said clinical codes or said procedure codes.

52. The combination of claim 51 in which said medical provider information stored program includes a means for selecting a medical provider for the patient, said data processing system further being configured by said medical provider information stored program when executed by said data processing system to make a medical provider selection for the patient from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the patient information.

53. The combination of claim 52 in which said medical provider information stored program further includes a means for referring the patient to the medical provider.

54. The combination of claim 51 in which said patient assessment stored program is configured to make a medical care recommendation and said medical care provider information stored program is configured to make a medical provider selection for the patient based on the medical care recommendation using the clinical codes when said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider stored program are executed on said data processing system.

55. In combination, a data processing system having a memory and a patient assessment stored program in said memory, said patient assessment stored program including a plurality of branched chain logic algorithms based on patient complaints, symptoms, and needs, each of said plurality of complaint branched chain logic algorithms being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, each of the answers to said questions being used by said data processing system when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system to make a categorization of the patient as either:

(a) having a sufficiently low post-test probability of a specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration so as to clinically eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration;

or

(b) not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration so as to clinically eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration;

the answers further being used with the categorization to identify a set of appropriate interventions for injuries and illnesses which cannot be clinically eliminated, wherein an appropriate intervention in the set of appropriate interventions has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of level of intervention, timing of intervention, place of intervention, nature of intervention, type of provider, specific characteristics required of the provider, and specific individual provider.

56. In combination, a data processing system having a memory, a medical provider information stored program, and a medical care provider database describing providers and clinical services, procedures, or other health care available from each provider by clinical codes or procedure codes stored in said memory, wherein providers include physicians, clinics, hospitals, therapists, dentists, and nurses, and providers are described by stored background information in said memory, practice information including at least one of location, billing information, and language spoken, said data processing system being configured by said medical provider information stored program when executed by said data processing system to use at least one of said clinical codes or said procedural codes to identify a medical provider from said medical provider database for providing a specific medical service to a patient, wherein said clinical codes or said procedural codes are based on at least one of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), the Physician'"'"'s Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), Current Dental Terminology (CDT), and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and wherein said clinical or procedural codes prospectively describe the availability of said clinical services from each provider or provider location.

57. The combination of claim 56 in which a patient assessment stored program is additionally stored in said memory, said patient assessment stored program including a plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms, each of said plurality of patient complaint based branched chain logic algorithms being configured to present a series of questions answerable with "yes" or "no" when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system, each of the answers to said questions being used by said data processing system when said patient assessment stored program is executed by said data processing system to make a categorization of the patient as either:

(a) having a sufficiently low post-test probability of a specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration so as to clinically eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, for the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration;

or

(b) not having a sufficiently low post-test probability of the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration so as to clinically eliminate possible need for further investigation, medical care, or other health care, the specific illness, injury, condition, or etiology under consideration;

the answers further being used with the categorization to identify a set of appropriate interventions for injuries and illnesses which cannot be clinically eliminated, wherein an appropriate intervention in the set of appropriate interventions has at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of level of intervention, timing of intervention, place of intervention, nature of intervention, type of provider, specific characteristics required of the provider, and specific individual provider, said data processing system further being configured by said patient assessment stored program and said medical provider information stored program when executed by said data processing system to link said patient assessment stored program to said medical provider information stored program and said medical provider database with said clinical codes or said procedure codes, said data processing system further being configured by said medical provider information stored program to make a medical provider or medical provider location selection from said medical provider database based on said clinical codes and the patient information.