Birefringent interference polarizer

• US 5,486,949 A
• Filed: 11/26/1990
• Issued: 01/23/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 06/20/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company (Dow, Inc.)
• Inventors: Wheatley, John A., Chang, Victor S., Schrenk, Walter J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Shafer, Ricky D.
• Application Number:
  US07/618,191
• Time in Patent Office: 1,884 Days
• Field of Search: 359/489, 359/498, 359/500, 359/577, 359/583, 359/586, 359/589, 359/900, 264/1.3, 264/1.7, 264/1.31, 264/1.34, 425/131.1, 425/133.5, 427/163, 156/244.1, 156/229
• US Class Current: 359/489.12
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/418 Refractive
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/516 mono-axially
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2367/00 Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2369/00 Polycarbonates
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/20 using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 33/00 Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/023 Optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/04 made of organic materials, e.g. plastics G02B1/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/08 made of polarising materials
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/0841 comprising organic materials, e.g. polymers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/0883 with a refractive index gradient rugate filters G02B5/289
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/26 Reflecting filters G02B5/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/305 including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133545 Dielectric stack polarisers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 359/90 Methods

Abstract

A birefringent interference polarizer which may be fabricated from readily available materials using established coextrusion techniques is provided. The polarizer has a level of light absorption near zero and can be fabricated to polarize and reflect light of specific wavelengths while transmitting light of other wavelengths. The polarizer includes multiple alternating oriented layers of at least first and second polymeric materials having respective nonzero stress optical coefficients which are sufficiently different to produce a refractive index mismatch between the first and second polymeric materials in a first plane which is different from the refractive index mismatch between the first and second polymeric materials in a second plane normal to the first plane. The refractive index mismatch in the first plane is preferably at least 0.03.

Claims

1. A method of making a birefringent interface polarizer comprising the steps of:

providing at least first and second polymeric materials having respective nonzero stress optical coefficients,

coextruding said first and second polymeric materials in multiple alternating layers in which said layers increase in thickness to produce a player thickness gradient, and

stretching said layers such that said first and second polymeric materials become oriented and produce a refractive index mismatch in a first plane which is different from the refractive index mismatch between said first and second polymeric materials in a second plane normal to said first plane.

2. The method of claim 1 in which said first and second polymeric materials have a glass transition temperature and wherein said stretching step is carried out at a temperature above the glass transition temperature but below the melting temperature of said polymeric materials.

3. The method of claim 1 in which said first and second polymeric materials have substantially equal refractive indices when unoriented.

4. The method of claim 1 in which said refractive index mismatch in one of said planes increases while said refractive index mismatch in the other plane decreases such that said oriented first and second polymeric materials have substantially equal refractive indices in one of said planes.

5. The method of claim 1 in which said first and second polymeric materials are uniaxially oriented.

6. The method of claim 1 in which said first polymeric material has a positive stress optical coefficient and said second polymeric material has a negative stress optical coefficient.

7. The method of claim 1 in which said refractive index mismatch in the first plane is at least 0.03.

8. The method of claim 1 in which the optical thickness of each layer is from about 0.09 micrometers to about 0.70 micrometers.

9. The method of claim 1 in which said first polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates and polyethylene terephthalates.

10. The method of claim 1 in which said second polymeric material is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile, copolymers of styrene and methyl methacrylate, and polyethylene naphthalate.

11. The method of claim 1 in which said second polymeric material is a syndiotactic polystyrene.