Remote unit for use with remote pager

• US 5,519,718 A
• Filed: 12/22/1994
• Issued: 05/21/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nexus 1994 Limited
• Original Assignee: Nexus 1994 Limited
• Inventors: Harel, Haim, Meiman, Yehouda, Yokev, Hanoch
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US08/363,288
• Time in Patent Office: 516 Days
• Field of Search: 375/200, 375/202
• US Class Current: 375/133
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 1/026 of associated receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/023 Monitoring or calibrating
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/043 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 3/10 Means for reducing or compensating for quadrantal, site, or like errors
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0009 Transmission of position information to remote stations involving assistance data G01S5/0236
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/021 Calibration, monitoring or correction G01S5/0252 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/04 Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/713 using frequency hopping
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/7156 Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2681 Synchronisation of a mobile station with one base station
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2693 Centralised synchronisation, i.e. using external universal time reference, e.g. by using a global positioning system [GPS] or by distributing time reference over the wireline network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0007 the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0053 Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0062 Avoidance of ingress interference, e.g. ham radio channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0091 Signaling for the administration of the divided path
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/025 with acknowledge back capability
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/022 Selective call receivers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

An acknowledgement paging system is described which fits within the existing infrastructure of a paging network and which provides low cost manufacture and low power operation while still enabling the acknowledgement paging over long distances. The acknowledgement paging system consists of a standard paging transmitter and a plurality of remote paging units which respond to a page using frequency-hopped spread-spectrum differential bi-phase shift keying communications. The plurality of pagers are assigned to groups with each group being assigned a separate starting location in a common, repeating pseudo-random noise code which determines the frequency hops. The grouping of pagers minimizes the collisions of acknowledgment transmissions between groups and the enables a large number of paging units to operate within a single geographic area. The pagers include a special double loop PLL synthesizer to produce an accurate narrow band frequency and to change or hop frequencies in a rapid fashion. The base receiving unit employs special algorithms for retrieving very low power acknowledgement paging messages in a noisy environment by using data redundancy, data interleaving, soft decoding and error correction codes to strip the bi-phase-modulated, frequency-hopped spread-spectrum digital data transmitted from the remote pocket pagers. A history of the frequency and phase drift is used during reception of the acknowledgement messages to predict the phase and frequency drift of the encoded digital information to further reduce decoding error. Signal to noise ratios are determined for each frequency hop and relatively noisy hops are discarded or minimized in a soft decoding process based redundancy of data bits.

Claims

1. A remote unit for use with a reverse paging communication system having a base transmitter for transmitting paging uplink messages each having a unique addresses each corresponding to one of a plurality of the remote units and for use with a base receiver for receiving downlink information transmitted from the remote units using spread spectrum communication, the remote unit comprising:

a paging receiver connected to an antenna for receiving paging uplink messages;

control means connected to the paging receiver and operable for receiving periodic synchronization information from the paging receiver, for continually monitoring a local repeating pseudo-random code sequence, for synchronizing the local repeating pseudo-random code sequence to the periodic synchronization information and for selecting a frequency hopping sequence based upon the repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

input means connected to the control means for receiving information to be transmitted;

carrier generator means connected to the control means for producing a series of a channel carrier frequencies selected in response to the repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

modulation means connected to the carrier generating means and the input means for modulating the information onto the series of a channel carrier frequencies to produce a modulated frequency-hopped carrier; and

transmitter means for transmitting the modulated frequency-hopped carrier.

2. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the carrier generator means further includes:

output means for outputting the channel carrier frequencies selected in response to the control means;

reference means for generating a reference frequency;

first phase locked loop means connected to the reference means for generating a course frequency correction signal;

comparison means connected to the first phase locked loop means and the output means for generating a frequency correction signal in response to the course frequency correction signal and the channel carrier frequencies; and

second phase locked loop means connected to the reference means and the comparison means for generating the channel carrier frequencies in response to the beat frequency correction signal.

3. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the modulation means further includes means for phase shift keying modulation of the series of channel carrier frequencies.

4. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the control means further includes a local calendar clock to keep the time of day and offset for the local calendar clock wherein the control means is further operable for periodically receiving the synchronization information from the base transmitter and further for updating the offset for local calendar clock to ensure accurate time of day.

5. The remote unit according to claim 4 wherein the control means is further operable for using the offset and the local calendar clock to monitor the local repeating pseudo-random code sequence such that the base unit and the remote unit are synchronized during the transmissions of the modulated frequency-hopped carrier.

6. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the control means is further operable for encoding downlink information by performing the steps of:

inputting the information to be transmitted from the input means as a plurality of bits of digital data;

encoding the bits of digital data using an error correction code to produce encoded bits of digital data;

dividing the encoded bits of digital data into groups of encoded bits of digital data;

duplicating the groups of encoded bits of digital data to produce redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data;

interleaving the redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data to produce a plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data; and

passing the plurality of interleaved redundant groups of encoded bits of digital data representative of the information to the modulation means.

7. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the paging uplink message is a polling message and wherein the remote unit only transmits in response to the polling message.

8. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the input means further includes means for receiving input from a monitored device.

9. The remote unit according to claim 8 wherein the monitored device is a utility meter.

10. The remote unit according to claim 1 wherein the information to be transmitted is a selection from a menu of choices.

11. A method of transmitting low-power frequency-hopped spread spectrum data as downlink information in a reverse pager, comprising the steps of:

receiving paging uplink messages;

receiving periodic synchronization information;

continually monitoring a local repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

synchronizing the local repeating pseudo-random code sequence to the periodic synchronization information and for selecting a frequency hopping sequence based upon the repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

receiving information to be transmitted;

producing a series of a channel carrier frequencies selected in response to the repeating pseudo-random code sequence;

modulating the information onto the series of a channel carrier frequencies to produce a modulated frequency-hopped carrier; and

transmitting the modulated frequency-hopped carrier.