Object position detector with edge motion feature

• US 5,543,590 A
• Filed: 09/02/1994
• Issued: 08/06/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 06/08/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Synaptics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Synaptics Incorporated
• Inventors: Faggin, Federico, Allen, Timothy P., Gillespie, David, Miller, Robert J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US08/300,630
• Time in Patent Office: 704 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18, 178/19, 341/33, 341/34, 345/173, 345/174
• US Class Current: 178/18.06
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/041 Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04166 Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally G06F3/04184
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0445 using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0446 using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0488 using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04883 for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04892 Arrangements for controlling cursor position based on codes indicative of cursor displacements from one discrete location to another, e.g. using cursor control keys associated to different directions or using the tab key arrangements for controlling cursor position based on coordinate signals G06F3/038
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/20 Movements or behaviour, e.g. gesture recognition recognition of facial expressions G06V40/16

Abstract

A proximity sensor system includes a sensor matrix array having a characteristic capacitance on horizontal and vertical conductors connected to sensor pads. The capacitance changes as a function of the proximity of an object or objects to the sensor matrix. The change in capacitance of each node in both the X and Y directions of the matrix due to the approach of an object is converted to a set of voltages in the X and Y directions. These voltages are processed by circuitry to develop electrical signals representative of the centroid of the profile of the object, i.e, its position in the X and Y dimensions. Noise reduction and background level setting techniques inherently available in the architecture are employed.

Claims

1. A method for providing an electrical signal for moving a cursor on a display screen associated with a computer in response to electrical signals representing of the position of an object in a two dimensional sensing plane, including the steps of:

providing a sensing plane including a matrix of conductors arranged as a plurality of spaced apart row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said sensing plane characterized by an inherent capacitance on the various ones of said row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said capacitance varying with the proximity of an object to said row and column conductive lines, said sensing plane including an inner region bounded by an outer region, said outer region extending inward from outer edges of said sensing plane;

sensing the capacitance on at least selected ones of said row and column conductive lines;

generating present-position signals from the sensed capacitance representing the present position of said object in both X and Y directions on said sensing plane;

sensing whether said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane;

generating first relative position X and Y signals representing the difference between X and Y coordinates of said present position of said object and X and Y coordinates of a previous position of said object and sending said first relative position X and Y signals to said computer if said object is not in said outer region of said sensing plane;

generating second relative position X and Y signals representing the difference between said X and Y coordinates of said present position of said object and X and Y coordinates of a fixed position on said sensing plane if said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane, and sending said second relative position X and Y signals to said computer so long as said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said present-position signals, said first relative position X and Y signals, and said second relative position X and Y signals are digital signals.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein said fixed position on said sensing plane is the geometric center of said sensing plane.

3. A method for providing an electrical signal for moving a cursor on a display screen associated with a computer in response to electrical signals representing of the position of an object in a two dimensional sensing plane, including the steps of:

providing a sensing plane including a matrix of conductors arranged as a plurality of spaced apart row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said sensing plane characterized by an inherent capacitance on the various ones of said row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said capacitance varying with the proximity of an object to said row and column conductive lines said sensing plane including an inner region bounded by an outer region said outer region extending inward from outer edges of said sensing plane;

sensing the capacitance on at least selected ones of said row and column conductive lines;

generating present-position signals from the sensed capacitance representing the present position of said object in both X and Y directions on said sensing plane;

sensing whether said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane;

generating first relative position X and Y signals representing the difference between said present position of said object in both X and Y directions and a previous position of said object in both X and Y directions, and sending said first relative position X and Y signals to said computer if said object is not in said outer region of said sensing plane;

generating second relative position X and Y signals if said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane, said second relative position X signal comprising said first X signal incremented by an amount proportional to the difference in said X direction between said present position in said X direction of said object and a fixed X position on said sensing plane, said second relative position Y signal comprising said first Y signal incremented by an amount proportional to the difference in said Y direction between said present position in said Y direction of said object and a fixed Y position on said sensing plane, and sending said second relative position digital X and Y signals to said computer so long as said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said present-position signals, said first relative position X and Y signals, and said second relative position X and Y signals are digital signals.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein:

said amount proportional to the difference in said X direction between said present position in said X direction of said object and a fixed X position on said sensing plane is m times the difference in said X direction between said present position in said X direction of said object and a center X position on said sensing plane; and

said amount proportional to the difference in said Y direction between said present position in said Y direction of said object and a fixed Y position on said sensing plane is n times the difference in said Y direction between said present position in said X direction of said object and a center Y position on said sensing plane;

wherein m and n are numbers chosen to impart a desired speed to the motion of said cursor on said display.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the ratio of m to n is equal to the ratio of the width of said sensing plane to the height of said sensing plane.

12. The method of claim 3 wherein said fixed X position and said fixed Y position on said sensing plane define the geometric center of said sensing plane.

7. A method for providing an electrical signal for moving a cursor on a display screen associated with a computer in response to electrical signals representing of the position of an object in a two dimensional sensing plane, including the steps of:

providing a sensing plane including a matrix of conductors arranged as a plurality of spaced apart row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said sensing plane characterized by an inherent capacitance on the various ones of said row conductive lines and column conductive lines, said capacitance varying with the proximity of an object to said row and column conductive lines, said sensing plane including an inner region bounded by an outer region, said outer region extending inward from outer edges of said sensing plane;

simultaneously developing a first set of signals proportional to the value of said capacitance for each of said row conductive lines when no object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

simultaneously developing a second set of signals proportional to the value of said capacitance for each of said column conductive lines when no object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

simultaneously developing a third set of signals proportional to the value of said capacitance for each of said row conductive lines when an object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

simultaneously developing a fourth set of signals proportional to the value of said capacitance for each of said column conductive lines when said object is located proximate to said sensing plane;

computing a first weighted average of the difference between said first set of signals and said third set of signals to generate a present-position signal in the X direction of said sensing plane; and

computing a second weighted average of the difference between said second set of signals and said fourth set of signals generate a present-position signal in the Y direction of said sensing plane;

generating first relative position X and Y signals representing the difference between said present-position signals in both X and Y directions and a previous set of present-position signals in both X and Y directions, and sending said first relative position X and Y signals to said computer if said object is not in said outer region of said sensing plane and;

generating second relative position X and Y signals representing the difference between said X and Y coordinates of said present position of said object and X and Y coordinates of a fixed position on said sensing plane if said object is in said outer region of said sensing plane, and sending said second relative position X and Y signals to said computer so long as said object is in said peripheral region of said sensing plane.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the steps of simultaneously developing said first, second, third, and fourth sets of signals includes the steps of:

placing a first known voltage on said row conductive lines;

discharging said row conductive lines for a fixed time at a fixed current;

measuring and storing a first set of row conductive line resultant voltages across said row conductive lines;

placing a second known voltage on said row conductive lines;

charging said row conductive lines for said fixed time at said fixed current;

measuring and storing a second set of row conductive line resultant voltages across said row conductive lines;

averaging corresponding ones of said first and second sets of row conductive line resultant voltages;

placing a first known voltage on said column conductive lines;

discharging said column conductive lines for a fixed time at a fixed current;

measuring and storing a first set of column conductive line resultant voltages across said column conductive lines;

placing a second known voltage on said column conductive lines;

charging said column conductive lines for said fixed time at said fixed current;

measuring and storing a second set of column conductive line resultant voltages across said column conductive lines; and

averaging corresponding ones of said first and second sets of column conductive line resultant voltages.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein the steps of computing said first and second weighted averages comprises the steps of:

computing a sum and a weighted sum of said first set of signals;

computing a sum and a weighted sum of said second set of signals;

computing a sum and a weighted sum of said third set of signals;

computing a sum and a weighted sum of said fourth set of signals;

computing a row numerator by subtracting said weighted sum of said first set of signals from said weighted sum of said third set of signals;

computing a row denominator by subtracting said sum of said second set of signals from said sum of said fourth set of signals;

dividing said row numerator by said row denominator to derive a row position signal representing the position of said object in a row dimension;

computing a column numerator by subtracting said weighted sum of said second set of signals from said weighted sum of said second set of signals;

computing a column denominator by subtracting said sum of said second set of signals from said sum of said second set of signals; and

dividing said column numerator by said column denominator to derive a column position signal representing the position of said object in a column dimension.

10. The method of claim 9 including the further steps of:

storing said sum and said weighted sum of said first and third set of signals as a stored sum and a stored weighted sum of said second and fourth sets of signals; and

using said stored sum and said stored weighted sum in computing subsequent ones of said row numerators and denominators and said column numerators and denominators

using said stored sum and a stored weighted sum for providing an electrical signal representative of a subsequent position of said object in said two dimensional plane.

13. The method of claim 7 wherein said fixed position on said sensing plane is the geometric center of said sensing plane.