Method and apparatus for halftone rendering of a gray image using a blue noise mask

• US 5,543,941 A
• Filed: 05/31/1994
• Issued: 08/06/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Research Corporation Technologies
• Original Assignee: Research Corporation Technologies
• Inventors: Mitsa, Theophano, Parker, Kevin J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Coles, Sr., Edward L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE, CHEUKFAN
• Application Number:
  US08/251,140
• Time in Patent Office: 798 Days
• Field of Search: 358/534, 358/536, 358/523, 358/524, 358/535, 358/527, 358/456, 358/455, 358/465, 358/466, 358/458, 358/463, 358/460, 358/447, 382/54, 382/254, 382/270, 382/268
• US Class Current: 358/534
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/40 Scaling the whole image or part thereof
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/4084 Transform-based scaling, e.g. FFT domain scaling
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/40075 Descreening, i.e. converting a halftone signal into a corresponding continuous-tone signal; Rescreening, i.e. combined descreening and halftoning
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/4051 producing a dispersed dots halftone pattern, the dots having substantially the same size different sizes H04N1/4057
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/4105 for halftone screened pictures

Abstract

A method of and system for rendering a halftone image of a gray scale image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of the gray scale image against a blue noise mask is disclosed in which the gray scale image is scanned on a pixel-by-pixel basis and compared on a pixel-by-pixel basis to an array of corresponding data points contained in a blue noise mask stored in a PROM or computer memory in order to produce the desired halftoned image. Both digital and optically implemented halftone methods are disclosed. Application specific modifications of the blue noise mask as well as its use for producing halftoned color images are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method for the halftoning of color images which comprises the step of utilizing, in turn, a pixel-by-pixel comparison of each of a plurality of color planes of said color image against a mask in which the mask comprises a non-determinate, non-white noise single valued function which is designed to provide visually pleasing dot profiles when thresholded and wherein said step of utilizing said pixel-by-pixel comparison is used to produce a halftoned image.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said mask has a maximum size value and wherein a plurality of masks are separately utilized to perform said pixel-by-pixel comparison and in which at least one of said masks has its pixels modified by replacing the value of each pixel with a value corresponding to the difference between said maximum size value and the pixel value prior to performing said pixel-by-pixel comparison.

3. A method of halftoning a color image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of said color image against at least one blue noise mask stored in a first memory, comprising the steps of:

a) scanning said color image to be halftoned to create a plurality of color plane image arrays, said scanning being performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis;

b) storing each of said plurality of color plane image arrays in a second memory;

c) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in a respective one of said at least one blue noise mask and each of said plurality of color plane image arrays to produce a plurality of binary color plane image arrays; and

d) converting said plurality of binary color plane image arrays to a halftoned color image.

4. The method of claim 3, further including the step of producing at least one modified blue noise mask in addition to said blue noise mask prior to performing said comparing step;

said at least one modified blue noise mask being generated by shifting the pixels of said blue noise mask by at least one pixel position from their position in said blue noise mask.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said at least one modified blue noise mask is compared, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to the value of each corresponding pixel in at least one of said plurality of color plane image arrays.

6. The method of claim 3, further including the step of producing at least one modified blue noise mask in addition to said blue noise mask prior to performing said comparing step;

said at least one modified blue noise mask having a predetermined maximum value and being generated by subtracting the value of each pixel of said blue noise mask from said maximum value to produce said modified blue noise mask.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein said at least one modified blue noise mask is independent and uncorrelated with any other blue noise mask.

8. A method of halftoning a color image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of said color image against at least one blue noise mask stored in a first memory, comprising the steps of:

a) acquiring said color image to be halftoned to create a plurality of color plane image arrays, said acquiring being performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis;

b) storing each of said plurality of color plane image arrays in a second memory;

c) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in a respective one of said at least one blue noise mask and each of said plurality of color plane image arrays to produce a plurality of binary color plane image arrays; and

d) converting said plurality or binary color plane image arrays to a halftoned color image.

9. A method for halftoning a color image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of said color image against a first blue noise mask stored in a first memory, comprising the steps of:

a) acquiring said color image to be halftoned to create at least first and second color plane arrays, said acquiring being performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis;

b) storing each of said at least first and second color plane arrays in a second memory;

c) producing a second blue noise mask by shifting the pixels of said first blue noise mask at least one pixel position away from their position in said first blue noise mask;

d) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in said second blue noise mask and one of said at least first and second color plane arrays to produce a first binary color plane image array;

e) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in said first blue noise mask and a remaining one of said at least first and second color plane arrays not already compared to a different blue noise mask to produce a second binary color plane image array; and

f) using said first and second binary color plane image arrays in forming a halftoned color image.

10. The method of claim 9, further including the steps of:

a) producing a third blue noise mask by shifting the pixels of said first blue noise mask at least one pixel position away from their position in said first blue noise mask in a direction different from that used in said step of producing said second blue noise mask; and

b) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in said third blue noise mask and a different one of said at least first and second color plane arrays to which said second blue noise mask was compared, prior to said comparing step using said first blue noise mask.

11. A method for the halftoning of color images which comprises the step of utilizing, in turn, a pixel-by-pixel comparison of each of a plurality of color planes of said color image against a respective one of a plurality of masks in which each respective mask comprises a non-deterministic, non-white noise single valued function which is designed to provide visually pleasing dot profiles when thresholded and wherein said step of utilizing said pixel-by-pixel comparison is used to produce a halftoned image.