Abrasive articles and methods of making same

• US 5,551,961 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 09/03/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/15/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Ford, Jeffrey E., Spencer, Douglas S., Engen, Robbyn L.
• Primary Examiner(s): JONES, DEBORAH D
• Application Number:
  US08/479,318
• Time in Patent Office: 454 Days
• Field of Search: 51/294, 51/295, 51/298
• US Class Current: 51/298
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 11/00 Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/004 with special coatings
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/28 Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds B24D3/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/285 Reaction products obtained from aldehydes or ketones
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/344 the bonding agent being organic
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 12/12 Ureas; Thioureas

Abstract

An abrasive article and methods for making such abrasive articles, including coated and nonwoven abrasive articles, comprising (a) a plurality of abrasive particles and (b) a bond system which adheres the plurality of abrasive particles together, the bond system comprising a binder; the binder being formed from a binder precursor essentially free of organic solvent, the binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst system and, in particular, a coated abrasive comprising (a) a backing having a major surface, (b) a plurality of abrasive particles, and (c) a bond system which adheres the plurality of abrasive particles to the major surface of the backing, the bond system comprising a binder; the binder being formed from a binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst, wherein the blend comprises from about 5 to about 90 weight percent of the water dilutable resole phenolic resin and from about 95 to about 10 weight percent of the urea-aldehyde resin.

Claims

1. An abrasive article comprising

(a) a plurality of abrasive particles and

(b) a bond system which adheres the plurality of abrasive particles together, the bond system comprising a binder;

the binder being formed from a binder precursor essentially free of organic solvent, the binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst.

2. A coated abrasive comprising

(a) a backing having a major surface,

(b) a plurality of abrasive particles, and

(c) a bond system which adheres the plurality of abrasive particles to the major surface of the backing, the bond system comprising a binder;

the binder being formed from a binder precursor essentially free of organic solvent, the binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst.

4. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the acid catalyzed blend has a pH ranging from about 2.0 to about 5.0.

5. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 4, wherein the pH ranges from 3.5 to 4.5.

6. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the acid catalyst is a cocatalyst.

7. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 6, wherein the cocatalyst is a combination of NH₄ Cl and AlCl₃ in a wet weight ratio of about 9:

1 to about 4;

1.

8. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 7, wherein the wet weight ratio is 8:

1 to 5;

1.

9. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the phenolic resin is an alkaline condensed, reaction product of phenol and aldehyde.

10. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 9, wherein the phenolic resin has a molar ratio of aldehyde to phenol of greater than or equal to 1:

1.

11. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 10, wherein the molar ratio ranges from 1:

1 to 3;

1.

12. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor consists essentially of a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin and water.

13. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the blend comprises from about 5 to about 90 weight percent of the water dilutable resole phenolic resin and from about 95 to about 10 weight percent of the urea-aldehyde resin.

14. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the blend comprises from 10 to 60 weight percent of the water dilutable resole phenolic resin and from 90 to 40 weight percent of the urea-aldehyde resin.

15. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the backing is selected from the group consisting of film and paper.

16. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor further comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of fillers, fibers, lubricants, grinding aids, anti-static agents, wetting agents, surfactants, pigments, dyes, coupling agents, plasticizers, and suspending agents.

17. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor further comprises a latex resin.

18. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor comprises no more than about 10% by weight organic solvent.

19. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor comprises no more than about 5% by weight organic solvent.

20. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor comprises no more than about 2% by weight organic solvent.

21. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor comprises no more than about 1% by weight organic solvent.

22. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, wherein the binder precursor comprises 0% by weight organic solvent.

23. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 2, further comprises a supersize coating.

24. A coated abrasive article in accordance with claim 23, wherein the supersize coating comprises a metal stearate.

3. A nonwoven abrasive article having at least one major surface and an interior region, the nonwoven abrasive article comprising

(a) an open lofty web of organic fibers,

(b) a plurality of abrasive particles, and

(c) a bond system which adheres the plurality of abrasive particles to the open lofty web, the bond system comprising a binder;

the binder being formed from a binder precursor essentially free of organic solvent, the binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst.

25. A method of making a coated abrasive article comprising:

(a) providing a backing having at least one major surface,

(b) applying a make coat precursor over the at least one major surface of the backing,

(c) embedding a plurality of abrasive particles into and onto the make coat precursor,

(d) at least partially curing the make coat precursor,

(e) applying a size coat precursor, and

(f) curing the size coat precursor;

wherein at least one of the make coat precursor and the size coat precursor comprises a binder precursor comprising a blend of an urea-aldehyde resin and a water dilutable resole phenolic resin, the blend being catalyzed by an acid catalyst, the binder precursor being essentially free of an organic solvent.

26. A method in accordance with claim 25 wherein the blend is prepared by adding the phenolic resin to the urea-aldehyde resin.

27. A method in accordance with claim 25 wherein the blend comprises from about 5 to about 90 weight percent of the water dilutable resole phenolic resin and from about 95 to about 10 weight percent of the urea-aldehyde resin.

28. A method in accordance with claim 25 wherein the blend comprises from 10 to 60 weight percent of the water dilutable resole phenolic resin and from to 40 weight percent of the urea-aldehyde resin.

29. A method in accordance with claim 25 wherein the blend has a percent solids ranging from about 40 to about 72%.