Electronic inventory system for stacked containers

• US 5,565,858 A
• Filed: 09/14/1994
• Issued: 10/15/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 09/14/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Northrop Grumman Corporation
• Inventors: Guthrie, Warren E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Holloway, III, Edwin C.
• Application Number:
  US08/306,051
• Time in Patent Office: 762 Days
• Field of Search: 340/825.35, 340/825.49, 340/825.54, 340/572, 364/403, 235/385, 342/357, 367/6
• US Class Current: 340/10.33
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/09 providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/14 specially adapted for specific applications
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 17/0029 the arrangement being specially adapted for wireless interrogation of grouped or bundled articles tagged with wireless record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07796 arrangements on the record carrier to allow stacking of a plurality of similar record carriers, e.g. to avoid interference between the non-contact communication of the plurality of record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 5/008 communicating information to a remotely located station transmission systems for measured values G08C

Abstract

A device which locates a container from a group of containers utilizing an electronic tag, the electronic tag is capable of being positioned in close proximity to one of the containers. The electronic tag includes at least one long range transceiver portion and at least one short range transceiver portion. Each long range transceiver portion is capable of communicating with either a short range transceiver portion associated with another electronic tag, or an interrogator unit. Each short range transceiver portion is capable of communicating with a long range transceiver portion of another electronic tag. The device assists in locating a container, relative to other containers, when the containers are stored in a stacked or nested configuration. A global positioning system (GPS) can be utilized to locate the position of the containers on the Earth'"'"'s surface.

Claims

1. An apparatus for locating an object contained within a group of objects, comprising:

an electronic tag for being positioned in close proximity relative to an object, said electronic tag comprises at least one long range transceiver portion having a long range antenna, and a separate at least one short range transceiver portion having a short range antenna;

each long range transceiver portion for communicating, as a function of position of the object relative to other objects, with one of a short range transceiver portion of another electronic tag and an interrogator unit;

each short range transceiver portion for communicating with a long range transceiver portion of another electronic tag.

2. The apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein said objects are containers.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, wherein:

a first one of the containers has at least one associated electronic tag comprising a short range transceiver portion having a short range antenna for transmitting a signal to a long range antenna of a long range transceiver portion associated with an adjacent second one of the containers.

4. The apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein said objects are containers that are capable of being stored in a nested configuration.

5. An apparatus as described in claim 4, wherein a first one of the containers has at least one of the other containers nested therein, said first one of the containers has at least one associated electronic tag comprising a short range transceiver portion having a short range antenna for communicating with a long range antenna of a long range transceiver portion associated with said at least one of the other containers.

6. The apparatus as described in claim 1, in which the electronic tag further comprises:

means for providing positional information for said electronic tag.

7. The apparatus as described in claim 6, wherein said means for providing positional information comprises a GPS translator for providing GPS positional information relating to at least one electronic tag.

8. A method for providing at least one stack of objects, each object having an affixed electronic tag, wherein an electronic tag of only one object of the at least one stack is positioned to communicate with an interrogator, comprising the steps of:

affixing individual ones of a plurality of electronic tags to individual ones of a plurality of objects; and

stacking said plurality of objects in at least one column such that only one electronic tag that is affixed to an object stacked in each of the at least one columns is able to receive signals from an interrogator, wherein the one electronic tag is considered to be a master electronic tag, and wherein each other one of the plurality of electronic tags is considered to be a slave electronic tag, and wherein each electronic tag that is affixed to an object is for communicating information to an electronic tag of an adjacent object over one of a short range antenna and a long range antenna.

9. The method as described in claim 8, wherein said information further comprises GPS positional information of at least one of said electronic tags.

10. The method as described in claim 8 wherein the step of stacking further comprises the step of:

stacking the objects in a manner such that each individual one of the electronic tags that is affixed to a respective individual one of the plurality of objects is able to communicate with an electronic tag that is affixed to an adjacent one of the plurality of objects, and further comprising the steps of;

transmitting an interrogator signal in the direction of the master electronic tag of at least one of the columns;

within each of the at least one columns, where an interrogator signal is received by at least one electronic tag affixed to one of the plurality of objects, emitting a slave signal from the at least one electronic tag to another electronic tag that is affixed to an adjacent one of the plurality of objects, wherein the slave signal disables a responsiveness of the another electronic tag to the interrogator signal.

11. The method as described in claim 8, wherein each electronic tag that is affixed to an object communicates information relating to the object to an electronic tag of an adjacent object.

12. The method as set forth in claim 8, wherein each electronic tag that is affixed to an object communicates information relating to positional characteristics of the object to an electronic tag of an adjacent object.

13. The method as set forth in claim 8, wherein the master electric tag is able to receive signals from an interrogator and to transmit information, associated with at least one of the electronic tags, to the interrogator.

14. An inventory method comprising the steps of:

affixing individual ones of a plurality of electronic tags to corresponding individual ones of a plurality of objects, each respective electronic tag having a long range antenna portion and a separate short range antenna portion;

nesting said objects within a larger nesting container, the nesting container having an interrogator unit;

applying an interrogatory signal to said nesting container, wherein said interrogator unit is considered to be a master electronic tag;

while all of the electronic tags associated with the objects are considered to be slave electronic tags; and

communicating information from said slave electronic tags to said interrogator unit in response to a signal received from said interrogator unit, wherein the long range antenna portion of at least one of the plurality of electronic tags is for communicating with said interrogator unit, and wherein the short range antenna portion of said at least one of the plurality of electronic tags is for communicating with the long range antenna portion of an adjacent one of said plurality of electronic tags.

15. The method as described in claim 14, further comprising the step of:

providing a self-inventory signal, wherein the interrogator unit gains its identity, and the slave electronic tag gains its identity.

16. The method as described in claim 14, further comprising the step of:

transferring positional GPS information relating to the interrogator unit to a remote interrogator unit.

17. The method as described in claim 14, wherein the step of communicating further comprises the step of:

communicating information from at least one slave electronic tag, the information relating to an object to which said at least one slave electronic tag is affixed.

18. The method as described in claim 17, wherein said information relates to the contents of the object to which said at least one electronic tag is affixed.

19. A method of selecting master electronic tags from a group of electronic tags, comprising the steps of:

mounting individual ones of a plurality of electronic tags to individual ones of a plurality of objects, each electronic tag comprising a long range antenna and a short range antenna

stacking said objects to form a stack, wherein each long range antenna is in close proximity to a short range antenna of an adjacent electronic tag, excepting for one which is adjacent to an exposed surface of said stack;

applying a first signal which is received by a plurality of electronic tags, said first signal causing each tag which receives said first signal to transmit a slave signal over its short range antenna, said slave signal is transmitted in such a manner that it can only be received by a long range antenna which is affixed to an adjacent tag from the tag associated with the short range antenna which is transmitting the slave signal; and

monitoring signals over said long range antennas to determine which long range antennas are not receiving a slave signal, any electronic tag which does not receive a slave signal after it receives the first signal will be considered to be a master electronic tag, while each electronic tag which receives a slave signal will be considered to be a slave electronic tag.

20. A method of transferring information from a first slave electronic tag to a master electronic tag, the first slave electronic tag being attached to a first object, the master electronic tag being attached to a second object, each of the master electronic tag and the first slave electronic tag comprising at least one long range antenna and a separate at least one short range antenna, comprising the steps of:

providing a self inventory command to the master electronic tag;

issuing a first slave command from said short range antenna of said master electronic tag to said long range antenna of said first slave electronic tag, thereby establishing a communication link between said master electronic tag and said first slave electronic tag upon the reception of said first slave command by said first slave electronic tag; and

transferring first data relating to said first slave electronic tag, from said long range antenna of said first slave electronic tag to said short range antenna of said master electronic tag.

21. The method described in claim 20, further comprising the steps of:

issuing a second slave command from said short range antenna of the first slave electronic tag to a long range antenna of a second slave electronic tag; and

transferring second data relating to the second slave electronic tag from said long range antenna of the second slave electronic tag to said short range antenna of the first slave electronic tag.

22. The method described in claim 21, further comprising the step of:

transferring the second data from said long range antenna of said first slave electronic tag to said short range antenna of said master electronic tag.

23. The method as described in claim 22, wherein said self inventory command is transmitted from an interrogator unit.

24. The method as described in claim 23, further comprising the step of:

transferring said first data from said master electronic tag to said interrogator unit.

25. The method as described in claim 23, further comprising the steps of:

transferring said second data from said master electronic tag to said interrogator unit.

26. The method as described in claim 22, wherein said second data contains the second slave electronic tag'"'"'s inventory contents.

27. The method as described in claim 20, wherein said first data contains the first slave electronic tag'"'"'s inventory contents.