Method of converting coated glass

• US 5,584,902 A
• Filed: 12/20/1994
• Issued: 12/17/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 10/05/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Guardian Glass LLC (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Guardian Industries Corporation (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Lingle, Philip J., Hartig, Klaus W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Czaja, Donald E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): VINCENT, SEAN E
• Application Number:
  US08/359,599
• Time in Patent Office: 728 Days
• Field of Search: 65/32.4, 65/60.2, 65/60.4, 65/60.8, 65/106, 65/107, 65/111, 65/114, 65/115, 65/116, 65/273, 204/192.22, 204/192.23, 204/192.26, 204/192.27, 204/192.28, 204/192.29
• US Class Current: 65/32.4
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/36 at least one coating being a metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3607 Coatings of the type glass/inorganic compound/metal
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3626 one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3644 the metal being silver
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3652 the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/366 Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 17/3681 the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 2217/78 Coatings specially designed to be durable, e.g. scratch-resistant
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12542 More than one such component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12576 Boride, carbide or nitride component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12597 Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12896 Ag-base component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12944 Ni-base component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/265 1 mil or less

Abstract

A high performance, durable sputter coated, heat-treatable glass which after heat-treatment exhibits about 76% or more visible transmittance, a hemispherical emissivity (E_h) of about 0.16 or less, and a normal emissivity (E_n) of about 0.12 or less is formed by sputter coating a layer system on a glass substrate which includes an undercoat and overcoat of Si₃ N₄, a silver layer, and two nickel or nichrome layers on opposite sides of the silver layer, and wherein the lower nickel-based layer is about three times as thick as the other nickel based layer. The increased thickness of the lower nickel-based layer allows the coated glass article to be both heat-treatable, and "low-E" after the heat-treatment. This allows matching with other known glasses in the family of layer components by way of the heat-treatment process. The layer system employed allows, even if not matchable to another glass, for the sputter coating operation to include the coating of other members of the family of coating without change of targets, efficient use of the coater targets that exist, and minimal operational changes during production.

Claims

1. A method of forming a heat-treated thin, durable, solar management layering system onto a glass substrate from the glass outwardly, the steps including:

a) sputter coating in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere an undercoat layer of Si₃ N₄ ;

b) sputter coating in an inert gas-containing atmosphere a first layer of nickel or nichrome, said first nickel or nichrome layer having a thickness greater than about 20 Å

thick;

c) sputter coating in an inert gas-containing atmosphere a layer of silver;

d) sputter coating in an inert gas-containing atmosphere a second layer of nickel or nichrome, said second layer of nickel or nichrome being about 7-15 Å

thick;

e) sputter coating in a nitrogen containing atmosphere an overcoat layer of Si₃ N₄ ; and

thereafter

heat-treating said coated glass wherein said heat-treating is selected from tempering, bending or heat treating; and

wherein said heat-treated, sputter coated glass has the following characteristics after said heat-treatment when said glass substrate is clear glass and has a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 mm;

Transmittance (Ill. C. 10°

obs.) about 76%-78%

Sheet Resistance (R_s) less than about 12 ohms/sq

Emissivity, normal (E_n) less than about 0.12

Emissivity, hemispherical (E_h) less than about 0.16.

2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said thickness of said first nickel or nichrome layer is about 30-50 Å

.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein said heat-treating step comprises tempering the coated glass by heating it to a temperature of about 1150°

F.-1450°

F. and thereafter quenching it, the heating and quenching steps being for a sufficient period of time to temper said glass.

4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the coated glass is heated at a temperature and for a sufficient period of time to render said glass article bendable, and thereafter bending said glass to a desired shape while in its bendable condition.

5. The method according to claim 1 wherein said sputter coating is carried out in a plurality of zones isolated from one another and wherein the steps of forming the undercoat and overcoat layers of Si₃ N₄ by sputter coating are carried out in at least two separate zones, each having an atmosphere consisting essentially of about 80% N₂ and about 20% Ar, and wherein the steps of forming the nickel or nichrome layers and the silver layer are carried out in the same zone and wherein said sputter coating is conducted in said same zone in an atmosphere consisting essentially of one of:

a) substantially 100% Ar; and

b) about 95% Ar and about 5% O₂.

6. The method according to claim 1 wherein said undercoat Si₃ N₄ layer is about 350-450 Å

thick and said overcoat Si₃ N₄ layer is about 450-550 Å

thick.

7. The method according to claim 6 wherein said undercoat Si₃ N₄ layer is sputter coated to a thickness of about 375 Å

and said overcoat Si₃ N₄ layer is sputter coated to a thickness of about 500 Å

.

8. The method according to claim 2 wherein there is only a single silver layer, said silver layer having a thickness of about 50-120 Å

and wherein said first layer of nickel or nichrome has a thickness of about three times the thickness of said second nickel or nichrome layer.

9. The method according to claim 2 wherein said thickness of said first nickel or nichrome layer is about 45 Å

.

10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the coated glass, after said heat-treatment, has a sheet resistance (R_s) of about 11 ohms/sq. or less and a normal emissivity (E_n) of about 0.11 or less.