System for distributed database replicated read with exclusive central server transfer of primary copies

• US 5,586,310 A
• Filed: 11/23/1993
• Issued: 12/17/1996
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Sharman, Geoffrey
• Primary Examiner(s): Amsbury, Wayne
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lintz, Paul R.
• Application Number:
  US08/158,119
• Time in Patent Office: 1,120 Days
• Field of Search: 395/600, 395/800, 395/650, 395/200, 395/725, 379/269
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2035 without idle spare hardware
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2048 where the redundant components share neither address space nor persistent storage
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/2097 maintaining the standby controller/processing unit updated initialisation or re-synchronisation thereof G06F11/1658 and subgroups
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/2322 using timestamps
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/27 Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2201/82 Solving problems relating to consistency ensuring consistency in mirrored systems G06F11/2064
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 19/211 Software architecture within ATMs or in relation to the ATM network
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99952 Coherency, e.g. same view to multiple users

Abstract

When an update is made to a data record in a distributed, replicated data processing system, the update is first applied to a primary copy of the data record before being applied to any other copy to ensure that updates are applied in the correct time sequence. Apparatus and a method of operating a distributed data processing system is provided in which responsibility for the primary copy is transferable to whichever processor in the system requires most frequent update access, providing improved performance and availability of data. The primary copy may be partitioned and distributed across the system.

Claims

1. A method of distributed data processing comprising the steps of:

storing replicated copies of a data record (310) at a plurality of data processors (100, 200,

     250);

designating a first one of said copies at a first one of said data processors as the primary copy for update purposes and the other copies as secondary copies;

applying updates to the data record firstly to the primary copy and subsequently propagating (420,

     570) updates of said primary copy to the other data processors holding secondary copies of the data record;

in response to a request (800) from one of said data processors checking (820) whether a central data processor has responsibility for the primary copy or responsibility has been transferred to a second one of said data processors; and

only if the central processor has said responsibility transferring (850) responsibility for the primary copy from said first data processor to said requesting data processor wherein the secondary copy of the data record at the requesting processor is then designated as the primary copy of the data record for update purposes such that future updates to the data record will firstly be applied at the requesting processor and will subsequently be propagated to the other data processors.

2. A method of distributed data processing according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

associating descriptors (650,

     660) with specific non-overlapping groups (670,

     680) of stored primary copies of data records; and

transmitting (800) the descriptor for a specific group from a remote data processor to a central data processor, thereby to request a transfer of responsibility for said group of stored primary copies of data records to the remote processor.

3. A method of distributed data processing according to claim 2 further comprising the steps of:

establishing (850) at a central data processor a list of descriptors for groups of data records for which responsibility for the primary copy has been transferred to a remote data processor;

updating said list when transfers of responsibility occur; and

checking said list (820) on receipt of a request for a transfer of responsibility, to determine whether the request should be refused.

4. A method of distributed data processing according to claim 1 further comprising the step of transmitting a descriptor to a central data processor from a remote data processor having responsibility for the primary copy, thereby to relinquish responsibility for the group of primary data records.

5. A method of distributed data processing according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

storing a currency expiry time (320) associated with a secondary copy at the data processor storing said secondary copy; and

in response to a request for data access at said data processor, checking (510) whether the currency expiry time (320) has passed.

6. A distributed data processing apparatus comprising:

a first data processor (100) having means for storing (130) a first copy of a data record and one or more remote data processors (200) each having means for storing (230) secondary copies of the data record, wherein one of said remote data processors or said first data processor is a central data processor;

means for designating said first copy as a primary copy to which updates of the data record are to be applied prior to being applied to other copies;

means for propagating (420,

     570) from the first data processor to the other data processors updates applied to the primary copy for updating of the secondary copies;

means associated with one of said remote processors for requesting (800) responsibility for the primary copy;

means responsive to said request for checking whether the central data processor has responsibility for the primary copy; and

means for transferring responsibility (850) for the primary copy from the first data processor to said requesting data processor only when the central processor has said responsibility such that subsequent to such a transfer future updates to the data record will firstly be applied at said requesting processor and will subsequently be propagated to the other data processors.

7. A distributed data processing apparatus according to claim 6 further comprising means for associating descriptors (650, 660) with specific non-overlapping groups (670, 680) of stored primary data records;

means at a central processor for storing a list of descriptors for groups of data records for which responsibility for the primary copy has been transferred to a remote data processor;

means for updating said list when transfers of responsibility occur; and

means for checking said list (820) on receipt of a request for a transfer of responsibility, to determine whether the request should be refused.