System with chip to chip communication

• US 5,621,913 A
• Filed: 11/15/1994
• Issued: 04/15/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Round Rock Research LLC
• Original Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Tuttle, John R., Tuttle, Mark E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Eisenzopf, Reinhard J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vo, Nguyen
• Application Number:
  US08/340,016
• Time in Patent Office: 882 Days
• Field of Search: 455/41, 455/66, 455/74, 455/90, 455/899, 455/300, 455/333, 455/49.1, 257/275, 257/277, 257/6-8, 368/204, 368/209, 320/54, 343/726, 343/720, 343/721, 327/564-566, 359/163, 359/169, 359/152, 359/154, 359/157, 359/159, 375/259
• US Class Current: 455/41.2
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/765 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/767 Responders; Transponders teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G3/26
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0701 at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0702 the arrangement including a battery
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0708 the source being electromagnetic or magnetic
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07749 the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07767 the first and second communication means being two different antennas types, e.g. dipole and coil type, or two antennas of the same kind but operating at different frequencies
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2223/6677 for antenna, e.g. antenna included within housing of semiconductor device antennas per se H01Q
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/552 Protection against radiation, e.g. light or electromagnetic waves
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/22 by structural association with other equipment or articles
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/2283 mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/526 Electromagnetic shields
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/24 Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction circularly polarised patch antennas H01Q9/0428; circularly polarised horns H01Q13/0241; cross-polarised horns H01Q13/0258; polarisation converters H01Q15/242; cross-polarised rear feeds H01Q19/136; crossed polarisation dual antenna H01Q25/001
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/15 using ultrasonic waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/30 using light, e.g. lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 : involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007 : Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/3838 : Arrangements for reducing RF exposure to the user, e.g. by changing the shape of the transceiver while in use
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/3883 : Arrangements for mounting batteries or battery chargers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 : for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/604 : Address structures or formats
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/622 : Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/35 : involving non-standard use of addresses for implementing network functionalities, e.g. coding subscription information within the address or functional addressing, i.e. assigning an address to a function
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5038 : for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5084 : Providing for device mobility network addressing or numbering for mobility support in wireless networks H04W8/26; mobile IP H04W80/04

Abstract

A system for wireless communication between a plurality of semiconductor chips is disclosed. Each data line in the present invention is coupled with a transmitter for transmitting information to any other semiconductor chip. Furthermore, each data line is coupled with a receiver for receiving information transmitted by any transmitter. The system also comprises multiple antennas, fabricated from the chip'"'"'s metalization layer. Nonetheless, separate antennas within the chip packaging can also be used. The antenna unit comprises a dipole and a loop antenna in a planar arrangement, thereby forming a spherical electromagnetic pattern of coverage and making the orientation between semiconductor chips for transmission purposes substantially irrelevant. Each transmitter in the system comprises a modulator for modulating the information being transmitted, while each receiver comprises a demodulator for demodulating the information transmitted. Several modulation schemes can be employed, though amplitude modulation is preferred, whereby each transmitter has a distinct carrier frequency within the operative radio frequency spectra--preferably above 900 MHz. Each transmitter and receiver is coupled to a power source comprising a capacitor, as a signal generator, and a rectifying circuit. To ensure that the communication between chips is noise/interference free, the entire system is shielded with a metal housing.

Claims

1. A single electronic component comprising:

(a) a first semiconductor chip comprising;

(1) a first circuit for providing a first signal conveying information; and

(2) a first transmitter for broadcasting information conveyed by the first signal; and

(b) a second semiconductor chip comprising;

(1) a first receiver for receiving the transmitted information, without any physical connection to the first semiconductor chip and independent of any alignment between the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip, and for providing a second signal conveying the transmitted information; and

(2) a second circuit responsive to the second signal; and

(c) a first enclosure, surrounding the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip, composed of an electrically conductive material for maintaining communication between the first transmitter and the first receiver of the single electronic component.

2. A single electronic component comprising:

a plurality of semiconductor chips which transfer data among each other, wherein each chips includes a transceiver, and wherein the transceiver of each chip includes

a transmitter for modulating a radio frequency (RF) signal with data and for transmitting the modulated RF signal in a radiation pattern which encompasses each of the chips; and

a receiver for receiving the respective modulated RF signal from the transmitter of each of the other chips, independent of the physical alignment between each two chips within said plurality of chips, wherein the received signals are received through RF wave propagation through space rather than through physical connection between the chips of the single electronic component.

3. The electronic component of claim 2, wherein:

(a) said component further comprises a power supply for broadcasting a power signal; and

(b) each of said chips further comprises

(1) an antenna for receiving said power signal, and

(2) a rectifying circuit for rectifying said power signal received by said antenna and for powering said receiver.

4. The electronic component of claim 2, wherein:

each chip further comprises an antenna coupled to the transceiver, the antenna including a loop antenna element and a first dipole antenna element; and

the loop antenna clement and the first dipole antenna element are substantially coplanar.

5. The electronic component of claim 4 wherein the antenna further comprises a second dipole antenna element.

6. The electronic component of claim 5 wherein the first dipole antenna element is substantially perpendicular to the second dipole antenna element.

7. The electronic component of claim 5 wherein the loop antenna element, the first dipole antenna element, and the second dipole antenna element are substantially coplanar.

8. The electronic component of claim 4, wherein each chip is formed on a substrate and the antenna of each chip is formed in a metal layer on the substrate of that chip.

9. The electronic component of claim 8 wherein the antenna comprises aluminum.

10. The electronic component of claim 4 wherein the antenna is characterized by a substantially omnidirectional sensitivity.

11. The electronic component of claim 2, wherein:

each chip further comprises an antenna coupled to the transceiver, the antenna including a first dipole antenna element and a second dipole antenna element; and

the first dipole antenna element and the second dipole antenna element are substantially perpendicular.

12. The electronic component of claim 11 wherein the antenna is characterized by a substantially omnidirectional sensitivity.

13. The electronic component of claim 11, wherein the first dipole antenna element and the second dipole antenna element are substantially coplanar.

14. The electronic component of claim 13, wherein each chip is formed on a substrate and the antenna of each chip is formed in a metal layer on the substrate of that chip.

15. The electronic component of claim 14 wherein the antenna comprises aluminum.

16. An electronic component according to claim 2, further comprising:

a housing providing RF shielding;

a wherein each of the chips in mounted within the housing.

17. An electronic component according to claim 2, further comprising:

a power source for broadcasting an electromagnetic power signal to each of the chips;

wherein each of the chips further includes a circuit for receiving the power signal and converting it to a voltage for supplying power to the transceiver of the chip without any physical connection to any power wire bus outside the chip.

18. An electronic component according to claim 17, further comprising:

a housing providing RF shielding;

wherein each of the chips and the power source are mounted within the housing.

19. An single electrical circuit comprising:

(a) a first semiconductor chip comprising;

(1) a first circuit for providing a first signal conveying information; and

(2) a first transmitter for broadcasting information conveyed by the first signal; and

(b) a second semiconductor chip comprising;

(1) a first receiver for receiving the transmitted information, without any physical connection to the first semiconductor chip and independent of any alignment between the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip and for providing a second signal conveying the transmitted information; and

(2) a second circuit responsive to the second signal; and

(c) a first metal enclosure, surrounding the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip, for maintaining communication between the first transmitter and the first receiver of the single electrical circuit.

20. An single electrical circuit having a plurality of semiconductor chips which transfer data among each other, comprising:

said plurality of semiconductor chips, wherein

each chip includes a transmitter for modulating a radio frequency (RF) signal with data and for transmitting the modulated RF signal in a radiation pattern which encompasses each of the chips, and

each chip includes a receiver for receiving the respective modulated RF signal from the transmitter of each of the other chips, independent of the physical alignment between each two chips within said plurality of chips, wherein the received signals are received through RF wave propagation through space rather than through physical connection between the chips; and

a metal enclosure, surrounding all of the chips, for maintaining communication among the chips of the single electrical circuit.

21. A method of manufacturing an single electronic component, comprising the steps of:

providing an enclosure composed of electrically conductive material; and

mounting within the enclosure a plurality of semiconductor chips, wherein each chip includes an RF transceiver for transmitting data to, and receiving data from, the other chips independent of the physical alignment between each two chips within said plurality of chips, and wherein the chips are mounted without any physical connectors between the chips for transferring said data;

whereby the electrically conductive enclosure maintains communication among the chips of the single electronic component.