Apparatus for reducing the production of NO.sub.x in a gas turbine

• US 5,628,184 A
• Filed: 10/26/1994
• Issued: 05/13/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Rolando R. Santos
• Original Assignee: Rolando R. Santos
• Inventors: Santos, Rolando R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Casaregola, Louis J.
• Application Number:
  US08/329,193
• Time in Patent Office: 930 Days
• Field of Search: 60/39.53, 60/39.55, 60/39.58, 60/39.59, 60/737, 60/738, 60/39.281
• US Class Current: 60/39.281
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/22 the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure F02C3/28 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 3/30 Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases F02C7/141, F02C7/30, F01D21/00, F01K21/04, F23D11/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 7/22 Fuel supply systems
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 7/228 Dividing fuel between various burners
• CPC Class Codes: F23C 2201/102 in horizontal direction
• CPC Class Codes: F23C 6/045 with staged combustion in a single enclosure
• CPC Class Codes: F23K 5/10 Mixing with other fluids
• CPC Class Codes: F23K 5/12 Preparing emulsions burners spraying an emulsion of water and fuel into the combustion space F23D11/16
• CPC Class Codes: F23L 2900/07008 Injection of water into the combustion chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/06 Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/286 having fuel-air premixing devices F23R3/30 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/34 Feeding into different combustion zones
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/60 Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

An apparatus is disclosed for reducing the production of NOx in an engine. One embodiment of the apparatus comprises a plurality of mixing cans in which air is drawn into the flow of gaseous fuel therethrough. The gaseous mixture formed by one of the mixing cans is transmitted to the engine at a rate which increases with the load on the engine, and the other mixing cans are serially brought on line after the preceeding mixing cans reach their predetermined rate.

Claims

1. Apparatus for forming a mixture of air and fuel to be supplied to a gas turbine, the apparatus comprising:

a pair of mixing cans remote from a combustion zone of the turbine, each mixing can including;

a housing in communication with the air, and

means for conducting a flow of the fuel into the housing to create a region of relatively low pressure to facilitate the introduction of air into the housing to form the mixture;

means for transmitting the mixture of air and fuel formed by one of the mixing cans through a conduit to the turbine at a rate which increases with the load on the turbine; and

means for transmitting the mixture of air and fuel formed by the other of the mixing cans through a conduit to the turbine after the one mixing can reaches a predetermined rate.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the predetermined rate is the maximum rate of the one mixing can.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for introducing water into the housing.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the means for introducing water comprises an injector adapted to inject a spray of water into the housing.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means for conducting a flow of the fuel into the housing comprises a pipe extending at least partially into the housing.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means for transmitting the mixture of air and fuel formed by one of the mixing cans to the turbine comprises a conduit in communication with a distribution header.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the fuel is gaseous.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the fuel is natural gas.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mixture contains a percentage of fuel above a flammibility limit of the fuel.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the air is compressed before being communicated to the housing.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the air is compressed by a compressor section of the turbine.

12. A gas turbine comprising:

a compressor for compressing air;

a combustor; and

a plurality of mixing cans remote from the combustor, each mixing can including;

a housing in communication with the compressed air, and

means for conducting a flow of the fuel into the housing to create a region of relatively low pressure to facilitate the introduction of the compressed air into the housing to form a mixture of compressed air and fuel;

means for transmitting the mixture of compressed air and fuel formed by one of the mixing cans through a conduit to the combustor at a rate which increases with the load on the turbine; and

means for transmitting the mixture of compressed air and fuel formed by the other of the mixing cans through a conduit to the combustor after the one mixing can reaches a predetermined rate.

13. Apparatus for forming a mixture of air and fuel to be supplied to a gas turbine, the apparatus comprising:

a pair of mixing cans remote from a combustion zone of the turbine, each mixing can including;

a housing in communication with the air, and

a pipe extending at least partially into the housing through which fuel may flow to create a region of relatively low pressure to facilitate the introduction of air into the housing to form the mixture; and

a controller for controlling tranmission of the mixture formed by one of the mixing cans to the turbine at a rate which increases with the load on the turbine, and for controlling transmission of the mixture formed by the other of the mixing cans to the turbine after the one mixing can reaches a predetermined rate.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the predetermined rate is the maximum rate of the one mixing can.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 further comprising means for introducing water into the housing.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the means for introdcuing water comprises an injector adapted to inject a spray of water into the housing.

17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the fuel is gaseous.

18. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the fuel is natural gas.

19. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the mixture contains a percentage of fuel above a flammibility limit of the fuel.

20. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the air is compressed before being communicated to the housing.