Protocol and mechanism for centralized asset tracking communications

• US 5,633,875 A
• Filed: 06/07/1995
• Issued: 05/27/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Hladik, Stephen M., Hassan, Amer A., Hershey, John E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hsu, Alpus H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jung, Min
• Application Number:
  US08/487,735
• Time in Patent Office: 720 Days
• Field of Search: 370/95.1, 370/95.2, 370/24, 370/85.7, 370/85.8, 340/825.54, 342/357, 246/167 R
• US Class Current: 370/346
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 2205/04 Satellite based navigation systems, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/021 Measuring and recording of train speed
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 25/025 Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/42 Determining position
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0027 of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/14 Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/127 to a central station ; Indicators in a central station

Abstract

A protocol and mechanism which provide for centralized asset tracking communications from a central station are based on a control/polling forward channel; i.e., a narrow band channel from the central station to tracking units affixed to the assets. A narrow band service channel is used by the asset tracking units to transmit to the central station to aid the central station in efficient scheduling of asset reporting, and a plurality of narrow band channels that are appropriately multiplexed are used for conveyance of data from the asset tracking units to the central station.

Claims

1. A method of communicating between a central station and a plurality of tracking units affixed to mobile assets, comprising the steps of:

polling, from the central station, each of said plurality of tracking units on a narrow band forward channel;

each of said tracking units responding to said narrow band forward channel only at a predetermined time;

each of said tracking units further monitoring a flag in said narrow band forward channel to estimate when to next receive said narrow band forward channel;

each of said plurality of tracking units responding to said polling on a narrow band return channel, each of said plurality of tracking units respectively including in its response data and an indication as to whether the respective tracking unit has additional data to transmit to the central station;

receiving responses and data from each of the plurality of tracking units at said central station;

compiling, at said central station, a list of tracking units which have additional data to transmit to said central station.

assigning a scheduled transmit time for each tracking unit having additional data to transmit;

transmitting, on said narrow band forward channel to each respective tracking unit having additional data to transmit, the scheduled transmit time to transmit said additional data; and

receiving data from said each respective tracking unit having additional data to transmit at the scheduled transmit times.

2. The method of communicating between a central station and a plurality of tracking units affixed to mobile assets recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of assigning a narrow band back channel for transmitting additional data during the scheduled transit time for each respective tracking unit having data to be transmitted, said narrow band back channel being different from said narrow band return channel.

3. The method of communicating between a central station and a plurality of tracking units affixed to mobile assets recited in claim 2 wherein said narrow band back channel is multiplexed among said tracking units transmitting dam to the central station.

4. The method of communicating between a central station and a plurality of tracking units affixed to mobile assets recited in claim 2, further comprising the step of transmitting from the central station during the transmission of data by a tracking unit at least one flag on the narrow band forward channel to pause transmission of data by the tracking unit.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of determining the temporal length of the narrow band forward channel data from said asset tracking unit based on at least one flag in said asset tracking unit'"'"'s narrow band return channel.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of referencing the transmission time of each of said asset tracking units to GPS time.

7. The method of claim 5, further consisting of the step of each of said asset tracking units monitoring said flag in said narrow band forward channel to determine the time next to receive said narrow band forward channel from said central station in correspondence with the following relationship, T=(63/62)*(82*A/626*10 5), in which T is defined as the next approximate time to transmit, and A is defined as the number of asset tracking units.

8. An efficient method of communicating between a central station and a plurality of tracking units affixed to mobile assets, comprising the steps of:

forming at least one dynamic mobile local area network (LAN) as a subset of said plurality of tracking units, each of the tracking units in the LAN being a node of said LAN;

assigning one tracking unit in said LAN to be a master tracking unit and assigning each of the remaining tracking units in said LAN to be respective slave tracking units;

communicating between each of said slave tracking units and said respective LAN master tracking unit;

communicating between each of said respective master tacking units and central station such that each respective one of said LAN master tracking units transmits data from each of said respective slave tracking units within said master tracking unit'"'"'s respective LAN to said central station.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of assigning said respective master tracking units further comprises the step of assessing relative transient power availability of respective ones of said LAN tracking units.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising spread-spectrum based communication between each of said LAN master tracking units and said LAN slave tracking units in said respective LAN.