Method of subspace beamforming using adaptive transmitting antennas with feedback

• US 5,634,199 A
• Filed: 04/17/1995
• Issued: 05/27/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford Management Co.)
• Original Assignee: Stanford University
• Inventors: Raleigh, Gregory G., Gerlach, Derek, Paulraj, Arogyaswami
• Primary Examiner(s): Urban, Edward F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Armstrong, Darnell R.
• Application Number:
  US08/424,662
• Time in Patent Office: 771 Days
• Field of Search: 455/63, 455/67.3, 455/70, 455/69, 455/62, 455/103
• US Class Current: 455/63.1
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/2605 Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/126 having multiple inputs, e.g. auxiliary antenna for receiving interfering signal aerials in general H01Q
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0626 Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]

Abstract

A method is disclosed for using feedback to reduce crosstalk between mobile receivers in a wireless communications system comprising an adaptive transmitting antenna array. Feedback signals from the receivers are time-averaged and used to calculate a set of weight vectors that minimize crosstalk and maximize desired signal without requiring burdensome feedback rates. Beamforming diversity is combined with feedback through the use of diversity vectors. The preferred embodiment includes a method for obtaining the required feedback by exploiting the SAT circuitry present in the AMPS system currently in use. Consequently, the method may be implemented without modification to existing cellular phone handsets.

Claims

1. A method for minimizing crosstalk in a wireless communications system comprising an array of transmitting elements and a set of receivers, the method comprising the steps of:

transmitting from the array to the receivers a set of transmitted signals chosen from the group consisting of a set of information signals and a set of probing signals, where the transmitting is in accordance with a set of initial weight vectors;

feeding back to the array a set of feedback signals, where each of the feedback signals is derived from the response at one of the receivers to the set of transmitted signals;

calculating from the set of feedback signals a set of new information weight vectors that minimize time-average crosstalk between the receivers and maximize time-average desired signal at each receiver; and

transmitting the set of information signals from the array to the receivers in accordance with the set of new information weight vectors.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating step comprises determining a set of autocorrelation matrices from the set of feedback signals.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating step comprises:

estimating from the set of feedback signals a set of channel vectors, where each channel vector characterizes the signal gain from the array to one of the receivers; and

calculating a set of autocorrelation matrices, where each autocorrelation matrix is formed by taking a linear combination of outer products of the channel vectors corresponding to one of the receivers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating step comprises:

determining a set of diversity vectors; and

forming each information weight vector from a linear combination of the diversity vectors, where the linear combination is determined by the set of feedback signals.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the calculating step further comprises determining a set of autocorrelation matrices from the set of feedback signals and wherein each diversity vector has maximal projection onto one of the autocorrelation matrices and has minimal projection onto another autocorrelation matrix.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein each diversity vector is a dominant eigenvector of one of the autocorrelation matrices.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein each diversity vector is a dominant generalized eigenvector of a pair of matrices, where each matrix of the pair is formed from a linear combination of the autocorrelation matrices.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless communications system is compatible with the Advanced Mobile Phone System, and wherein the feeding back comprises measuring the instantaneous frequencies of the supervisory audio tones returned to the array by the receivers.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

calculating a set of reference weight vectors for a set of reference signals; and

transmitting the set of reference signals from the array to the receivers in accordance with the set of reference weight vectors.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein each reference signal is the product of one of the information signals and a signal with significant energy content between 5.8 kHz and 6.2 kHz.