Method and apparatus for graphical modeling of psychiatric and medical records

• US 5,640,549 A
• Filed: 06/06/1994
• Issued: 06/17/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Yale University
• Original Assignee: Yale University
• Inventors: Powsner, Seth M., Tufte, Edward Rolf
• Primary Examiner(s): Teska, Kevin J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LOPPNOW, MATTHEW CLAY
• Application Number:
  US08/254,314
• Time in Patent Office: 1,107 Days
• Field of Search: 364/413.01, 364/413.02, 364/413.05, 364/413.06, 364/578, 364/401 M, 128/630, 128/721, 395/500
• US Class Current: 703/11
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/206 Drawing of charts or graphs

Abstract

An apparatus and method for determining the course of a patient'"'"'s illness and response to treatment. The system uses a matrix of coordinated, nonlinear time plots to guide diagnosis and record treatment. The preferred method comprises representing patient findings and treatments as a matrix of small graphs each comprised of a label, the numeric value of the most recent plotted value, plotted values themselves and axis markers. The graphs are coordinated so that plots in the same column share the same horizontal time axis and plots in the same row share the same vertical clinical value axis. Nonlinear scales are used to allow both recent and historical trends to be presented on the same axis and to allow various clinical values to be presented on the same axis. The system also presents a small of amount of textual information about the patient to identify and annotate the graphical presentation.

Claims

1. An apparatus for graphical modeling of at least one of a medical and a psychiatric history, comprising

A. input means for receiving one or more medical/psychiatric history signals, each associated with a clinical data point to modeled, each such history signal having an original temporal value and an original quantitative value,

B. temporal scaling means for generating a modified temporal value for each of said medical/psychiatric history signals, each said modified temporal value being a function of a time-wise location of the respective original temporal value in an epoch in which that original temporal value belongs with respect to (n) such epochs, where (n) is an integer greater than one, each such epoch being associated with a time period and duration of medical/psychiatric significance, where both a duration and a time-wise distance from a time of interest of each epoch (i) decreases with successive integer values of (i) between one and (n), and

C. gross-quantitative scale means for generating a modified quantitative value for each of said of medical/psychiatric history signals, each said modified quantitative value being a function of the range of values to which the original quantitative value belongs with respect to (m) designated gross-quantitative ranges, and

D. modeling means for generating an output signal graphically representative of the modified quantitative values of said medical/psychiatric history signals as a function of respective modified temporal values.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said temporal scaling means includes means for selecting said time of interest to be the present.

3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said gross-quantitative scale means includes means for selecting said (m) designated gross-quantitative ranges to include clinically normal, abnormally elevated, markedly elevated, abnormally reduced, and markedly reduced.

4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said temporal scaling means includes means for selecting said (n) temporal regions to include epochs representing a current day, a prior week, a prior month, and a prior period going back to birth.

5. An apparatus according to claim 1, which includes display means for generating a plot on a computer monitor or printer or plotter as a function of said output signal.

6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said display means includes means for normally displaying said (n) temporal regions to span like distances on said plot.

7. An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said display means includes means for displaying at least a selected temporal region to span greater distances on said plot than others of said temporal regions.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said display means includes means for selecting said selected temporal regions to be one representing a prior period of illness.

9. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said display means includes means for displaying portions of said plot in different respective colors.

10. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said display means includes means for displaying a plurality of said plots in alignment and with like horizontal axes on said display means.

11. A method for graphical modeling of at least one of a medical and a psychiatric history, comprising

A. receiving one or more medical/psychiatric history signals, each associated with a clinical data point to modeled, each such history signal having an original temporal value and an original quantitative value,

B. generating a modified temporal value for each of said medical/psychiatric history signals, each said modified temporal value being a function of a time-wise location of the respective original temporal value in an epoch in which that original temporal value belongs with respect to (n) such epochs, where (n) is an integer greater than one, each such epoch being associated with a time period and duration of medical/psychiatric significance, where both a duration and a time-wise distance from a time of interest of each epoch (i) decreases with successive integer values of (i) between one and (n), and

C. generating a modified quantitative value for each of said of medical/psychiatric history signals, each said modified quantitative value being a function of the range of values to which the original quantitative value belongs with respect to (m) designated gross-quantitative ranges, and

D. generating an output signal graphically representative of the modified quantitative values of said medical/psychiatric history signals as a function of respective modified temporal values.

12. A method for graphical modeling of at least one of a medical and a psychiatric history, comprising

A. receiving one or more medical/psychiatric history data points to be modeled, each data point being associated with a time value and a quantitative value,

B. generating a data modelling point having first and second coordinates, the first coordinate being a function of (i) a relative location of an epoch in which the time value associated with that data point belongs with respect to a plurality of epochs, and (ii) a relative location of that time value within that epoch,

the second coordinate being a function of a range of values to which the quantitative value associated with that data value with respect to a plurality of ranges.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein step (B) includes selecting said plurality of ranges to include clinically significant ranges.

14. An apparatus according to claim 13, wherein step (B) includes selecting said plurality of ranges to include one or more of clinically normal, abnormally elevated, markedly elevated, abnormally reduced, and markedly reduced.

15. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein step (B) includes selecting said plurality of epochs to include epochs of clinical significance.

16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein step (B) includes selecting said plurality of epochs to include one or more of a current day, a prior week, a prior month, and a prior period going back to birth.

17. A method according to claim 12, including the step of displaying said data modelling points.

18. A method according to claim 12, including the step of displaying said data modelling points on an output device including any of a computer monitor, a printer, and a plotter.

19. A method according to claim 17, wherein the step of displaying said data modelling points includes the step of normally displaying said plural epochs to span like distances as displayed by an output device.

20. A method according to claim 17, wherein the step of displaying said data modelling points includes the step of displaying at least a selected epoch to span a greater distance than others of said temporal regions as displayed by an output device.

21. A method according to claim 20, including the step of selecting said selected epoch to be one representing a prior period of illness.