Battery pack with a monitoring circuit for a known system

• US 5,641,587 A
• Filed: 12/15/1995
• Issued: 06/24/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Compaq Computer Corporation (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Freiman, Joseph F., McConkey, Steven Kent, Mitchell, Nathan Austin
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US08/573,296
• Time in Patent Office: 557 Days
• Field of Search: 429/90, 429/91, 429/96, 429/97, 429/7, 320/9, 320/13, 320/29, 320/31, 320/33, 320/39, 320/45, 320/47, 320/49
• US Class Current: 429/90
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/574 Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00304 Overcurrent protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A removable battery pack for powering a pen-based or portable computer system in which the battery pack blocks its terminals when inserted into an unknown system. The known system includes a power supply microcontroller which passes battery charge data back and forth between a memory located in the battery pack and the power supply microcontroller. A battery microcontroller, located in the battery pack, eavesdrops drops on the communication between the power supply microcontroller and the memory, and when it validates a known signature of this communication, the battery microcontroller then enables the terminals of the battery pack. A trickle discharge current flows from the battery pack whenever the battery pack is out of the known system to allow the power supply microcontroller to power up in the case of a dead auxiliary battery.

Claims

1. A removable battery pack for use in a system, the battery pack having first and second terminals which it disables when the system is an unknown system, the system providing a data signal with predetermined battery data when the system is a known system, the battery pack comprising:

a battery with a voltage and with first and second battery terminals;

a first switch for enabling and disabling the first battery pack terminal of the battery pack, said first switch having a first series switched path and a control terminal for activating the first series switched path, the first series switched path coupled between the first battery terminal and the first battery pack terminal; and

a controller for receiving the data signal and for providing a first control signal to said first switch, the first control signal provided to turn on the first series switched path when the data signal from the system includes predetermined battery data and turn off the first series switched path when the data signal from the system is either nonexistent or does not include predetermined battery data.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, further comprising:

a current limiter for regulating a trickle discharge current provided by the battery pack, said current limiter coupled in parallel with said first series switched path; and

a second switch for controlling the trickle discharge current provided by the battery pack, said second switch having a second series switched path and a control terminal for activating the second series switched path, the second series switched path coupled in series with said current limiter and in parallel with said first series switched path,

wherein said controller further provides a second control signal to said second switch, the second control signal provided to turn on the second series switched path when the data signal from the system is nonexistent or does not include predetermined battery data and to turn off the second series switched path when the data signal from the system includes predetermined battery data.

3. The removable battery pack of claim 2, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a battery pack disable signal to said controller, the battery pack disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the second series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal.

4. The removable battery pack of claim 3, wherein the deeply discharged threshold is 2.0 volts.

5. The removable battery pack of claim 2, wherein said second switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor.

6. The removable battery pack of claim 2, wherein said current limiter is a resistor.

7. The removable battery pack of claim 1, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the Voltage of said battery and for providing a discharge disable signal to said controller, the discharge disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the discharge disable signal.

8. The removable battery pack of claim 7, wherein the discharged threshold is 2.7 volts.

9. The removable battery pack of claim 1, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a charge disable signal to said controller, the charge disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is above an overvoltage threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the charge disable signal.

10. The removable battery pack of claim 9, wherein the overvoltage threshold is 18 volts.

11. The removable battery pack of claim 1, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a battery pack disable signal to said controller, the battery pack disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal.

12. The removable battery pack of claim 11, wherein the deeply discharged threshold is 2.0 volts.

13. The removable battery pack of claim 1, wherein said first switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor.

14. A removable battery pack for use in a system, the battery pack having first and second terminals which it disables when the system is an unknown system, the system providing a data signal with predetermined battery data when the system is a known system, the battery pack comprising:

a battery with a voltage and with first and second battery terminals;

a first switch for enabling and disabling the first battery pack terminal of the battery pack, said first switch having a first series switched path and a control terminal for activating the first series switched path, the first series switched path coupled between the first battery terminal and the first battery pack terminal;

a second switch for enabling and disabling the second battery pack terminal, said second switch having a second series switched path and a control terminal for activating the second series switched path, the second series switched path coupled between the second battery terminal and the second battery pack terminal; and

a controller for receiving the data signal from the system and for providing a first control signal to said first switch and a second control signal to said second switch, the first control signal provided to turn on the first series switched path when the data signal from the system includes predetermined battery data and turn off the first series switched path when the data signal from the system is either nonexistent or does not include predetermined battery data, the second control signal provided to turn on the second series switched path when the data signal from the system includes predetermined battery data and turn off the second series switched path when the data signal from the system is either nonexistent or does not include predetermined battery data.

15. The battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a current limiter for regulating a trickle discharge current provided by the battery pack, said current limiter coupled in parallel with said first series switched path; and

a third switch for controlling the trickle discharge current provided by the battery pack, said third switch having a third series switched path and a control terminal for activating the third series switched path, the third series switched path coupled in series with said current limiter,

wherein said controller further provides a third control signal to said third switch, the third control signal provided to turn on the third series switched path when the data signal from the system is either nonexistent or does not include predetermined battery data and turn off the third series switched path when the data signal from the system includes predetermined battery data.

16. The removable battery pack of claim 15, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a battery pack disable signal to said controller, the battery pack disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the third series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal.

17. The removable battery pack of claim 16, wherein said current limiter is a resistor.

18. The removable battery pack of claim 15, wherein said third switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

19. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a discharge disable signal to said controller, the discharge disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the second series switched path when said controller receives the discharge disable signal.

20. The removable battery pack of claim 19, wherein the discharged threshold is 2.7 volts.

21. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a charge disable signal to said controller, the charge disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is above an overvoltage threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the charge disable signal.

22. The removable battery pack of claim 21, wherein the overvoltage threshold is 18 volts.

23. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a battery pack disable signal to said controller, the battery pack disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal.

24. The removable battery pack of claim 23, wherein the deeply discharged threshold is 2.0 volts.

25. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the voltage of said battery and for providing a battery pack disable signal to said controller, the battery pack disable signal provided to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the second series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal.

26. The removable battery pack of claim 25, wherein the deeply discharged threshold is 2.0 volts.

27. The removable battery pack of claim 14, wherein said second switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

28. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further including:

a first diode for providing a discharge current path, said first diode having an anode coupled to the positive battery terminal and a cathode coupled to the first battery pack terminal.

29. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further including:

a second diode for providing a charge current path, said first diode having an anode coupled to the negative battery terminal and a cathode coupled to the second battery pack terminal.

30. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the current in said battery and for providing a discharge disable signal to said controller, the discharge disable signal provided to indicate when the current in said battery exceeds an overdischarge current threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the second series switched path when said controller receives the discharge disable signal.

31. The removable battery pack of claim 14, wherein said first switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor.

32. The removable battery pack of claim 14, further comprising:

a monitoring circuit coupled to said battery for determining the current in said battery and for providing a charge disable signal to said controller, the charge disable signal provided to indicate when the current in said battery exceeds an overcharge current threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the first series switched path when said controller receives the charge disable signal.

33. The battery pack of claim 32,

wherein said monitoring circuit further provides a discharge disable signal to said controller to indicate when the current in said battery exceeds an overdischarge current threshold, and

wherein said controller turns off the second series switched path when said controller receives the discharge disable signal from said monitoring circuit.

34. The battery pack of claim 33,

wherein said monitoring circuit further determines the voltage of said battery and provides a battery pack disable signal to said controller to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a deeply discharged threshold, and

wherein said controller permanently turns off the first series switched path, the second series switched path and the third series switched path when said controller receives the battery pack disable signal from said monitoring circuit.

35. The battery pack of claim 34,

wherein said monitoring circuit further provides the charge disable signal to indicate when the voltage of said battery is above an overvoltage threshold.

36. The battery pack of claim 35,

wherein said monitoring circuit further provides the discharge disable signal to indicate when the voltage of said battery is below a discharged threshold.

37. The battery pack of claim 36, wherein the overvoltage threshold voltage is 18 volts, the discharged threshold is 2.7 volts, and the deeply discharged threshold is 2.0 volts.