Outdoor movie camera GPS-position and time code data-logging for special effects production

• US 5,642,285 A
• Filed: 01/31/1995
• Issued: 06/24/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Trimble Navigation Limited (Trimble Inc.)
• Inventors: Woo, Arthur N., Sprague, David S.
• Primary Examiner(s): ZANELLI, MICHAEL J
• Application Number:
  US08/380,959
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 364/449, 364/460, 364/424.01, 364/449.7, 352/131, 352/132, 348/143, 348/148, 348/552, 348/239, 348/510, 348/512, 342/357, 342/457
• US Class Current: 701/213
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/32 Multimode operation in a single same satellite system, e.g. GPS L1/L2
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/41 Differential correction, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS]
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/009 Transmission of differential positioning data to mobile
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 29/00 Combinations of cameras, projectors or photographic printing apparatus with non-photographic non-optical apparatus, e.g. clocks or weapons; Cameras having the shape of other objects combinations with flash apparatus G03B15/03
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/031 Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/10 Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/11 by using information not detectable on the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/3036 Time code signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/262 Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/9206 the additional signal being a character code signal

Abstract

A GPS navigation receiver with a data output port for communicating a position estimate frame-by-frame and time codes in SMPTE format. The conventional date and time sentence output of the GPS navigation receiver is combined with a highly-accurate one pulse-per-second (±one microsecond) to form a time-keeping base for the time code output. A data-logger records the position estimates with their corresponding time in time code format frame-by-frame in a database. The recorded position estimates are then used in special-effects post-production to direct the special-effects animation, modeling kinetics, etc., in a composite, final film or video.

Claims

1. A position and time code synchronization system for logging frame-by-frame the position of a first motion picture camera and the time of taking each frame for combining a plurality of video and film sequences into a special effects production, comprising:

a first navigation satellite receiver physically-associated with said first motion picture camera for computing a plurality of three-dimensional earth coordinate positions of said first motion picture camera from microwave radio signals received from a plurality of orbiting navigation satellites, wherein a position is computed for each motion picture frame taken;

first time code generation means connected to the first navigation satellite receiver for generating a plurality of frame synchronization signals derived from stable time-base signals included in said microwave radio signals received from said plurality of orbiting navigation satellites, wherein a time reference is computed for each motion picture frame taken; and

data-logging means connected to the first navigation satellite receiver to receive said three-dimensional earth coordinate positions and connected to the first time code generation means to receive said frame synchronization signals and to pair a particular three-dimensional earth coordinate position with each motion picture frame in a sequence.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a differential-correction receiver connected to the first navigation satellite receiver for providing differential correction data to improve the accuracy of position estimates of said first motion picture camera.

3. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

a differential-correction reference station providing for radio communication with the differential-correction receiver of the difference between a computed position of the reference station with its known, fixed position.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein:

the first navigation satellite receiver is a dual-frequency receiver and provides on-the-fly real-time kinematic (OTF-RTK) solutions for position estimates of said first motion picture camera with current updates at a rate of approximately twenty-four to thirty hertz.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein:

the first navigation satellite receiver is a dual-frequency receiver and provides ranging and time information for a sequence of post-processed on-the-fly real-time kinematic (OTF-RTK) solutions for position estimates of said first motion picture camera at a rate of approximately twenty-four to thirty hertz.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein:

the first navigation satellite receiver is a single-frequency receiver and provides ranging and time information for post-processed position estimates of said first motion picture camera at a rate of approximately twenty-four to thirty hertz.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein:

the first navigation satellite receiver is a single-frequency receiver and provides differentially-corrected position estimates in real-time of said first motion picture camera at a rate of approximately twenty-four to thirty hertz.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a second navigation satellite receiver independent of said first motion picture camera;

second time code generation means connected to the second navigation satellite receiver for generating frame synchronization signals derived from stable time-base signals included in said microwave radio signals received from said plurality of orbiting navigation satellites that are instep with those generated by the first time code generation means; and

a second motion picture camera connected to the second time code generation means for synchronization with said second time code and for recording said time in each of a series of recorded frames which track said position estimates recorded in said data-logging means according to said first time code.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

special-effects means for combining on a frame-by-frame basis a plurality of whole or partial frames of at least one of animation, modeling and computer imagery, frame-by-frame, according to time code and corresponding position estimate information in a database communicated over a connection from the data-logging means.

10. A position and time code synchronization system for logging the position of a motion picture camera frame-by-frame for video and film production of special effects sequences, comprising:

a first navigation satellite receiver physically-associated with said motion picture camera for computing three-dimensional earth coordinate positions of said motion picture camera from microwave radio signals received from a plurality of orbiting navigation satellites;

first time code generation means connected to the first navigation satellite receiver for generating frame synchronization signals derived from stable time-base signals included in said microwave radio signals received from said pluralityoof orbiting navigation satellites;

data-logging means connected to the first navigation satellite receiver to receive said three-dimensional earth coordinate positions and connected to the first time code generation means to receive said frame synchronization signals and to pair a particular three-dimensional earth coordinate position with each frame in a sequence for said video and film production according to said frame synchronization signals;

a differential-correction receiver connected to the first navigation satellite receiver for providing differential correction data to improve the accuracy of position estimates of said motion picture camera;

a differential-correction reference station providing for radio communication with the differential-correction receiver of the difference between a computed position of the reference station with its known, fixed position;

on-the-fly real-time kinematic (OTF-RTK) solution means included in the first navigation satellite receiver providing for position estimates of said motion picture camera with current updates at a rate of approximately twenty-five hertz;

a first motion picture camera connected to the first time code generation means for synchronization with said first time code and for recording said time in each of a series of recorded frames which track said position estimates recorded in said data-logging means;

a second navigation satellite receiver independent of said motion picture camera;

second time code generation means connected to the second navigation satellite receiver for generating frame synchronization signals derived from stable time-base signals included in said microwave radio signals received from said plurality of orbiting navigation satellites that are instep with those generated by the first time code generation means;

a second motion picture camera connected to the second time code generation means for synchronization with said second time code and for recording said time in each of a series of recorded frames which track said position estimates recorded in said data-logging means according to said first time code; and

special-effects means for combining on a frame-by-frame basis a plurality of whole or partial frames of at least one of animation, modeling and computer imagery, frame-by-frame, according to time code and corresponding position estimate information in a database communicated over a connection from the data-logging means.

11. A data-logging apparatus, comprising:

a data-logger with a database of position estimates related to corresponding times in a time code format organized according to the times that motion picture frames were taken;

time code means for providing a time indication by motion picture frame number sequence with a connection to the data-logger; and

position estimation means for providing an updated estimate of three-dimensional earth coordinate position in step with each motion picture frame in a sequence through a connection to the data-logger.

12. A method for producing special-effects from motion picture frame sequences, the method comprising the steps of:

generating position estimates of a motion picture camera with a navigation satellite receiver from ranging microwave signal transmissions from orbiting navigation satellites;

generating time-base signals with sequencing at said video or film frame rate with a navigation satellite receiver from time-base signals embedded in said microwave signal transmissions from said orbiting navigation satellites; and

data-logging each of said position estimates with a corresponding contemporary one of said time-base signal in a frame-by-frame time code format.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of:

combining on a frame-by-frame bases a plurality of whole or partial frames of at least one of animation, modeling and computer imagery, frame-by-frame, according to said time code and corresponding position estimate information.