Medical dispensing drawer and thermoelectric device for cooling the contents therein

• US 5,661,978 A
• Filed: 12/09/1994
• Issued: 09/02/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Carefusion 303 Incorporated (Becton Dickinson & Co)
• Original Assignee: Pyxis Corp. (Cardinal Health, Inc.)
• Inventors: Broadfield, Laird P., Holmes, William K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sollecito, John M.
• Application Number:
  US08/353,561
• Time in Patent Office: 998 Days
• Field of Search: 62/3.2, 62/3.3, 62/3.6, 62/440, 62/441, 62/449, 62/452, 62/304, 62/272, 62/277, 62/457.1, 312/209, 312/236, 312/311, 221/69, 221/122, 221/12
• US Class Current: 62/3.6
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 21/02 using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2321/0251 by a gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25D 25/025 Drawers
• CPC Class Codes: F25D 29/00 Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 9/105 Heating or cooling means, for temperature and humidity control, for the conditioning of articles and their storage dispensers for food articles requiring a processing by temperature treatment or conditioning before they are ready for dispensing G07F17/0064

Abstract

A refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer for use in a computerized medicine-dispensing station, the station of the type having a cabinet that houses a plurality of openable drawers in stacked arrangement containing pharmaceutical items in locked storage therein for retrieval following instructions inputted into a computer integrated the station, a drawer including a base plate, spaced-apart side walls, and spaced-apart front and rear walls, all attached together along their respective mating marginal edges to define an interior compartment of a size and shape available for reciprocal movement on a pair of side rails into and out of the cabinet, a tub reposed in the drawer covered by a tub lid hingedly attached to the drawer to form an air-tight chamber interior thereof and moveable with the drawer into and out of the cabinet, a plurality of individual baskets, each formed of fenestrated side walls and a bottom plate joined along their respective mating marginal edges, arranged in the tub with their open tops aligned below like-sized openings formed in the tub lid and covered over with openable basket lids held in locked engagement with the tub lid, and a cooling system powered by a thermoelectric device for cooling the interior and contents of the chamber and maintaining a cool temperature therein, the system completely moveable with the drawer as it is inserted and withdrawn from the cabinet.

Claims

1. A refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer for use in a computerized medicine-dispensing station, said station of the type having a cabinet that houses a plurality of openable drawers in stacked arrangement containing pharmaceutical items in locked storage therein for retrieval following instructions inputted into a computer integrated the station, said drawer comprising:

a) a drawer including a base plate, spaced-apart side walls, and spaced-apart front and rear walls, all attached together along their respective mating marginal edges to define an interior compartment of a size and shape available for reciprocal movement on a pair of side rails into and out of the cabinet;

b) a tub reposed in said drawer covered by a tub lid hingedly attached to said drawer to form an air-tight chamber interior thereof and moveable with said drawer into and out of the cabinet;

c) at least one basket, formed with fenestrated side walls and a bottom plate joined along their respective mating marginal edges, arranged in said tub with its open top aligned below a like-sized opening formed in said tub lid and covered over with an openable basket lid held in locked engagement with said tub lid; and

,

d) a cooling system powered by a thermoelectric device for cooling the interior and contents of said chamber and maintaining a cool temperature therein, said system completely moveable with said drawer as it is inserted and withdrawn from the cabinet.

2. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 further including a plurality of individual baskets, each formed with fenestrated side walls and a bottom plate joined along their respective mating marginal edges, arranged in said tub with their open tops aligned below like-sized openings formed in said tub lid and covered over with openable basket lids held in locked engagement with said tub lid.

3. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 further including:

a) a cold funnel attached to the cold face of the thermoelectric device and extending inward to said chamber;

b) a cold sink attached to said cold funnel and including fins extending outward therefrom; and

,

c) a fan located interior said chamber for blowing air laterally across said fins to transfer heat to said cold sink.

4. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 further including a central duct having openings formed in spaced relationship along the sides thereof for passing a stream of air centrally inside said chamber.

5. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 wherein said cooling system recirculates the air inside said chamber and does not draw in ambient air.

6. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 3 wherein said fins are sloped downward to guide condensate formed thereon by gravity to the bottom of said tub.

7. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 including two thermoelectric devices mounted in spaced-apart relationship on said rear wall of said drawer.

8. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 further including a finned air heat exchanger connected to said hot face of said thermoelectric device and extending outward from said rear wall.

9. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 8 further including:

a) a fan to direct a flow of ambient air against said heat exchanger; and

,

b) a duct to guide the air drawn in by the fan along said fins of said heat exchanger to increase the residence time thereagainst and promote a greater transfer of heat thereto.

10. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 wherein said tub is defined by a base surrounded by a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding side walls an upstanding rear wall and an upstanding front wall spaced-apart therefrom, said walls joined together along their respective intersecting marginal edges, and said cooling system further includes:

a) an aperture formed in said base of said tub below said cold sink, said aperture leading outward therefrom; and

,

b) a liquid collecting vessel located below said aperture for receiving condensed water falling through said slot from said cold sink.

11. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 10 further including:

a) a portion of said vessel extending rearward under said tub and out under said thermoelectric device; and

,

b) a wick extending from said vessel upwards into said warm air stream emanating from said hot face of said thermoelectric device to remove the condensate from said vessel by evaporation.

12. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 1 further including a baffle to remove the hot, moisture laden air from the hot face of said thermoelectric device, said baffle comprising:

a) a short, lateral base wall extending outward from the rear surface of said station and located inboard of said heat exchanger fins;

b) a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding baffle side walls connected to the terminal ends of said base wall and extending in divergent directions upward from said base wall toward the top of said station; and

,

c) a plate covering over said base wall and said side walls to form an enclosed duct with an open top for venting air therefrom.

13. A refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer for use in a computerized medicine-dispensing station, said station of the type having a cabinet that houses a plurality of openable drawers in stacked arrangement containing pharmaceutical items in locked storage therein for retrieval following instructions inputted into a computer integrated the station, said drawer comprising:

a) a drawer including a base plate, spaced-apart side walls, and spaced-apart front and rear walls, all attached together along their respective mating marginal edges to define an interior compartment of a size and shape available for reciprocal movement on a pair of side rails into and out of the cabinet;

b) a tub reposed in said drawer covered by a tub lid hingedly attached to said drawer to form an air-tight chamber interior thereof and moveable with said drawer into and out of the cabinet;

c) a plurality of individual baskets, each formed of fenestrated side walls and a bottom plate joined along their respective mating marginal edges, arranged in said tub with their open tops aligned below like-sized openings formed in said tub lid and covered over with openable basket lids held in locked engagement with said tub lid; and

,

d) a cooling system powered by a thermoelectric device for cooling the interior and contents of said chamber and maintaining a cool temperature therein, said system completely moveable with said drawer as it is inserted and withdrawn from the cabinet; and

,

e) a trolley extending from the rear of said station to said drawer rear wall having articulating arms interengaged therewith for carrying and directing electrical and electronic lines from the rear of said station to said cooling system during its travel into and out of said cabinet;

f) said cooling system utilizing a totally recirculated stream of cool air without the introduction of ambient air.

14. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 further including:

a) a cold funnel attached to the cold face of the thermoelectric device and extending inward to said chamber;

b) a cold sink attached to said cold funnel and including fins extending outward therefrom; and

,

c) a fan located interior said chamber for blowing air laterally across said fins to transfer heat to said cold sink.

15. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 further including a central duct having openings formed in spaced relationship along the sides thereof for passing a stream of air centrally inside said chamber.

16. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 wherein said fins are sloped downward to guide condensate formed thereon by gravity to the bottom of said tub.

17. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 including two thermoelectric devices mounted in spaced-apart relationship on said rear wall of said drawer.

18. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 further including a finned air heat exchanger connected to said hot face of said thermoelectric device and extending outward from said rear wall.

19. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 17 further including:

a) a fan to direct a flow of ambient air against said heat exchanger; and

,

b) a duct to guide the air drawn in by the fan along said fins of said heat exchanger to increase the residence time thereagainst and promote a greater transfer of heat thereto.

20. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 wherein said tub is defined by a base surrounded by a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding side walls an upstanding rear wall and an upstanding front wall spaced-apart therefrom, said walls joined together along their respective intersecting marginal edges, and said cooling system further includes:

a) an aperture formed in said base of said tub below said cold sink, said slot leading outward therefrom; and

,

b) a liquid collecting vessel located below said slot for receiving condensed water falling through said slot from said cold sink.

21. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 20 further including:

a) a portion of said vessel extending rearward under said tub and out under said thermoelectric device; and

,

b) a wick extending from said vessel upwards into said warm air stream emanating from said hot face of said thermoelectric device to remove the condensate from said vessel by evaporation.

22. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 13 further including a baffle to remove the hot, moisture laden air from the hot face of said thermoelectric device, said baffle comprising:

a) a short, lateral base wall extending outward from the rear surface of said station and located inboard of said heat exchanger fins;

b) a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding baffle side walls connected to the terminal ends of said base wall and extending in divergent directions upward from said base wall toward the top of said station; and

,

c) a plate covering over said base wall and said side walls to form an enclosed duct with an open top for venting air therefrom.

23. A refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer for use in a computerized medicine-dispensing station, said station of the type having a cabinet that houses a plurality of openable drawers in stacked arrangement containing pharmaceutical items in locked storage therein for retrieval following instructions inputted into a computer integrated the station, said drawer comprising:

a) a drawer including a base plate, spaced-apart side walls, and spaced-apart front and rear walls, all attached together along their respective mating marginal edges to define an interior compartment of a size and shape available for reciprocal movement on a pair of side rails into and out of the cabinet;

b) a tub reposed in said drawer covered by a tub lid hingedly attached to said drawer to form an air-tight chamber interior thereof and moveable with said drawer into and out of the cabinet;

c) a plurality of individual baskets, each formed of fenestrated side walls and a bottom plate joined along their respective mating marginal edges, arranged in said tub with their open tops aligned below like-sized openings formed in said tub lid and covered over with openable basket lids held in locked engagement with said tub lid;

d) a cooling system powered by a thermoelectric device for cooling the interior and contents of said chamber and maintaining a cool temperature therein, said system completely moveable with said drawer as it is inserted and withdrawn from the cabinet; and

,

e) means for continually removing all condensate from the interior of said chamber.

24. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 further including:

a) a cold funnel attached to the cold face of the thermoelectric device and extending inward to said chamber;

b) a cold sink attached to said cold funnel and including fins extending outward therefrom; and

,

c) a fan located interior said chamber for blowing air laterally across said fins to transfer heat to said cold sink.

25. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 further including a central duct having openings formed in spaced relationship along the sides thereof for passing a stream of air centrally inside said chamber.

26. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 wherein said cooling system recirculates the air inside said chamber and does not draw in ambient air.

27. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 wherein said fins are sloped downward to guide condensate formed thereon by gravity to the bottom of said tub.

28. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 including two thermoelectric devices mounted in spaced-apart relationship on said rear wall of said drawer.

29. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 further including a finned air heat exchanger connected to said hot face of said thermoelectric device and extending outward from said rear wall.

30. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 29 further including:

a) a fan to direct a flow of ambient air against said heat exchanger; and

,

b) a duct to guide the air drawn in by the fan along said fins of said heat exchanger to increase the residence time thereagainst and promote a greater transfer of heat thereto.

31. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 wherein said tub is defined by a base surrounded by a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding side walls an upstanding rear wall and an upstanding front wall spaced-apart therefrom, said walls joined together along their respective intersecting marginal edges, and said means for removing the condensate from said chamber includes:

a) an aperture formed in said base of said tub below said cold sink, said slot leading outward therefrom; and

,

b) a liquid collecting vessel located below said slot for receiving condensed water falling through said slot from said cold sink.

32. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 31 wherein said means further includes:

a) a portion of said vessel extending rearward under said tub and out under said thermoelectric device; and

,

b) a wick extending from said vessel upwards into said warm air stream emanating from said hot face of said thermoelectric device to remove the condensate from said vessel by evaporation.

33. The refrigerated, medical dispensing drawer of claim 23 further including a baffle to remove the hot, moisture laden air from the hot face of said thermoelectric device, said baffle comprising:

a) a short, lateral base wall extending outward from the rear surface of said station and located inboard of said heat exchanger fins;

b) a pair of spaced-apart, upstanding baffle side walls connected to the terminal ends of said base wall and extending in divergent directions upward from said base wall toward the top of said station; and

,

c) a plate covering over said base wall and said side walls to form an enclosed duct with an open top for venting air therefrom.