Multi-code-book variable length decoder

• US 5,686,916 A
• Filed: 12/28/1995
• Issued: 11/11/1997
• Est. Priority Date: 12/28/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Philips Electronics North America Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Bakhmutsky, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): JEAN PIERRE, PEGUY
• Application Number:
  US08/580,404
• Time in Patent Office: 684 Days
• Field of Search: 341/67, 341/82, 341/88, 341/100, 341/106, 348/423
• US Class Current: 341/67
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 7/425 for the decoding process only
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/00 Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/13 Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/60 using transform coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/70 characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/91 Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding

Abstract

A multi-code-book variable length decoder for decoding an input bit stream containing a plurality of variable length code words includes a plurality of individual variable length decoders and a controller. Each of the individual variable length decoders receives the input bit stream and decodes the input bit stream according to a different respective code book. The controller receives the input bit stream and, for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream, selects a correct one of the plurality of individual variable length decoders for decoding that code word. Each of the individual variable length decoders, when selected, operates in an active decoding mode to decode each successive bit of the input bit stream until detecting an end of a current code word contained in the input bit stream, and when not selected, operates in a passive decoding mode to pre-decode each successive bit of the input bit stream as if it were an initial bit of a next code word contained in the input bit stream, and belonging to its own code book. Each of the individual variable length decoders, when selected, produces an end-of-word signal upon detecting the end of the current code word. The controller receives the end-of-word signals produced by the individual variable length decoders, and, in response thereto, makes a decision as to which one of the individual variable length decoders is the correct one for decoding the next code word. Each of the individual variable length decoders, when selected, produces a decoded word at its output. The decoded words produced by the individual variable length decoders are multiplexed by a multiplexer which produces a decoded word stream at its output. The controller determines the type of each successive code word contained in the input bit stream according to a prescribed communication protocol, e.g., an MPEG protocol, and makes the decision as to which one of the individual variable length decoders is the correct one, on the basis of this determination. The operation of the individual variable length decoders is thus fully pipelined, so that no input buffers are needed to compensate for decision latency of the controller.

Claims

1. A multi-code-book variable length decoder for decoding an input bit stream containing a plurality of variable length code words, comprising:

a plurality of individual variable length decoders, each of said individual variable length decoders receiving the input bit stream and decoding the input bit stream according to a different respective code book;

a controller receiving the input bit stream and, for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream, selecting a correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders for decoding that code word; and

,

wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, when selected, operates in an active decoding mode to decode each successive bit of the input bit stream until detecting an end of a current code word contained in the input bit stream, and when not selected, operates in a passive decoding mode to pre-decode each successive bit of the input bit stream as if it were an initial bit of a next code word contained in the input bit stream.

2. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, when selected, produces an end-of-word signal upon detecting the end of said current code word.

3. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 2, wherein said controller receives said end-of-word signals produced by said individual variable length decoders, and, in response thereto, makes a decision as to which one of said individual variable length decoders is the correct one for decoding said next code word, based on previously decoded code words, in accordance with a prescribed communication protocol.

4. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, when selected, produces a decoded word at its output.

5. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 4, further comprising a multiplexer for multiplexing said decoded words produced by said individual variable length decoders to produce a decoded word stream at its output.

6. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 3, wherein said controller determines the type of each successive code word contained in the input bit stream according to said prescribed communication protocol, based on previously decoded code words, and makes the decision as to which one of said individual variable length decoders is the correct one for decoding each successive code word, based on the thusly determined type of each successive code word.

7. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

each of said individual variable length decoders has a respective plurality of entry states and a respective plurality of subsequent states; and

,

each of said individual variable length decoders, when operating in said passive decoding mode, branches between its respective entry states according to the value of a current bit of the input bit stream.

8. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 7, wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, in response to being selected by said controller, changes from said passive decoding mode to said active decoding mode, whereby it branches to an appropriate one of its respective subsequent states.

9. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 6, wherein said prescribed communication protocol is an MPEG protocol.

10. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 6, wherein:

each of said individual variable length decoders has a respective plurality of entry states and a respective plurality of subsequent states; and

,

each of said individual variable length decoders, when operating in said passive decoding mode, branches between its respective entry states according to the value of a current bit of the input bit stream.

11. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 10, wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, in response to being selected by said controller, changes from said passive decoding mode to said active decoding mode, whereby it branches to an appropriate one of its respective subsequent states.

12. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 1, wherein said controller controls the overall decoding operation of the multi-code-book variable length decoder in such a manner as to provide a fully pipelined operation of said individual variable length decoders, so that no input buffers are needed to compensate for decision latency of said controller in selecting the correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders for decoding each successive code word contained in the input bit stream.

13. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 1, wherein, for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream, only the correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders is selected, and the remaining ones of said plurality of individual variable length decoders are not selected, whereby said correct, selected one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders operates in said active decoding mode, and said remaining, non-selected ones of said plurality of individual variable length decoders operate in said passive decoding mode.

14. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 13, wherein:

each of said individual variable length decoders has a respective plurality of entry states and a respective plurality of subsequent states; and

,

each of said individual variable length decoders, when operating in said passive decoding mode, branches between its respective entry states according to the value of a current bit of the input bit stream.

15. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 14, wherein each of said individual variable length decoders, in response to being selected by said controller, changes from said passive decoding mode to said active decoding mode, whereby it branches to an appropriate one of its respective subsequent states.

16. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 15, whereby each of said individual variable length decoders, upon being selected by said controller, has already pre-decoded the first bit of said next code word contained in the input bit stream.

17. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 11, whereby each of said individual variable length decoders, upon being selected by said controller, has already pre-decoded the first bit of said next code word contained in the input bit stream.

18. A multi-code-book variable length decoder for decoding an input bit stream containing a plurality of variable length code words, comprising:

a plurality of individual variable length decoders, each of said individual variable length decoders receiving the input bit stream and decoding the input bit stream according to a different respective code book;

a controller receiving the input bit stream and, for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream, selecting a correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders for decoding that code word; and

,

wherein said plurality of individual variable length decoders operate in a fully pipelined mode so that no input buffer is required to compensate for decision latency of said controller in selecting the correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream.

19. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 18, wherein, for each successive code word contained in the input bit stream, only the correct one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders is selected, and the remaining ones of said plurality of individual variable length decoders are not selected, whereby said correct, selected one of said plurality of individual variable length decoders operates in an active decoding mode to decode each successive bit of the input bit stream until detecting an end of a current code word contained in the input bit stream, and said remaining, non-selected ones of said plurality of individual variable length decoders operate in a passive decoding mode to pre-decode each successive bit of the input bit stream as if it were an initial bit of a next code word contained in the input bit stream and belonging to their own respective code book.

20. The multi-code-book variable length decoder as set forth in claim 19, whereby each of said individual variable length decoders, upon being selected by said controller, has already pre-decoded the first bit of said next code word contained in the input bit stream.