Universal gaming engine

• US 5,707,286 A
• Filed: 12/19/1994
• Issued: 01/13/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Zynga Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Mikohn Gaming Corporation (International Game Technology)
• Inventors: Carlson, Rolf E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harrison, Jessica
• Assistant Examiner(s): ONEILL, MICHAEL W
• Application Number:
  US08/358,242
• Time in Patent Office: 1,121 Days
• Field of Search: 463/22-16, 463/13-9, 364/410, 364/412, 273/143 R, 273/138 A
• US Class Current: 463/16
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 7/58 Random or pseudo-random number generators
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/32 for games, toys, sports, or amusements

Abstract

An apparatus for implementing a game having a deterministic component and a non-deterministic component wherein a player uses the game through at least one player interface unit. Each player interface unit generates a player record indicating player-initiated events. A random number generator provides a series of pseudo-random numbers and a rules library stores indexed rules for one or more games. An interface registry stores mapping records where the mapping records are used to associate the player-initiated events to pre-selected rules in the rules library. A control means is coupled to the player interface to receive the output of the player interface unit, coupled to the interface registry, the rules library, and the random number generator. The control means processes the player record and returns an output record to the player interface unit where the output record is determined by executing the game'"'"'s rules with reference to the pseudo-random numbers and predefined combinatorial algorithms for selecting sets of the pseudo-random numbers.

Claims

1. An apparatus for implementing a game, the game having a deterministic component, a rule based non-deterministic component, and a random component, the apparatus comprising:

a first player interface unit generating at least a first player record of information indicating player-initiated events from a first player;

a random number circuit providing an output signal comprising a series of uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers;

verification means coupled to receive the output signal from the random number circuit for verifying that the received pseudo-random numbers are statistically random, the verification means having an output for supplying a series of verified pseudo-random numbers;

buffer means coupled to receive the verified pseudo-random numbers for temporarily storing the verified pseudo-random numbers, the buffer means having an output for distributing the stored verified random numbers;

first control means coupled to the buffer means, verification means, and the random number circuit for activating the random number circuit and the verification means and causing the buffer means to deliver a set of the stored verified pseudo-random numbers on the buffer means output;

a rules library storing indexed rules for one or more games;

an interface registry for storing mapping data records, the mapping data records for mapping the first player record to pre-selected rules in the rules library;

combinatorial algorithm storage means having a bi-directional input/output port for storing combinatorial algorithms in an executable form; and

second control means coupled to the buffer means output, the first player interface unit, the interface registry, the combinatorial algorithm storage means, and rules library, the second control means for processing the player record, the processing comprising the steps of;

(i) accepting the first player record,

(ii) referring to the interface registry to map the first player record to a selected rule in the rules library,

(iii) executing the selected rule by selectively referring to the combinatorial algorithm storage means and selectively generating requests for sets of verified pseudo-random numbers from the buffer means output, and

(iv) generating an output record indicating results of the execution step, the output record directed to the first player interface unit.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the random number circuit comprises an ANSI X9.17 circuit.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the random number circuit comprises an international data encryption algorithm (IDEA) encryption circuit.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the random number circuit comprises a data encryption standard (DES) encryption circuit.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the random number circuit further comprises a continuously running clock circuit providing a block output to the encryption circuit, means for providing at least one key value to the random number circuit, and means for providing at least one seed value to the random number circuit, whereby the encryption circuit encrypts clock output using the at least one key value and the at least one seed value to provide the series of pseudo-random numbers.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing independence of the received pseudo-random numbers.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the means for testing independence uses a runs test.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers using a Kolmogrorov-Smirnov test.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers using a Chi-square test.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers in more than one dimension using a series test.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means coupled to the second control means for accepting the series of uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers and generating a series of non-uniformly distributed psuedo-random numbers.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the distribution of the series of non-uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers is selected from the group consisting of:

a normal distribution, an exponential distribution, a Poisson distribution, a gamma distribution, and a hypergeometric distribution.

13. An apparatus for implementing a game, said apparatus comprising:

at least one player interface unit, each player interface unit generating a player record indicating a player-initiated event;

a random number generator providing a series of pseudo-random numbers;

a rules library storing indexed rules for one or more games;

an interface registry for storing mapping data, the mapping data for mapping the generated player record to pre-selected rules in the rules library;

combinatorial algorithm storage means for storing combinatorial algorithms; and

control means coupled to the player interface unit, the interface registry, the rules library, the combinatorial algorithm storage means, and the random number generator, the control means receiving the player record from the at least one player interface unit for mapping the player record to a selected rule in the rules library, the control means executing the selected rule by selectively referring to the combinatorial algorithm storage means and selectively generating requests for pseudo-random numbers from the random number generator to generate an output record for delivery back to the player interface unit.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the random number generator further comprises:

a random number circuit including an encryption circuit;

verification means coupled to receive the output signal from the random number circuit for verifying that the received pseudo-random numbers are statistically random, the verification means having an output for supplying a series of verified pseudo-random numbers;

buffer means coupled to receive the verified pseudo-random numbers for temporarily storing the verified pseudo-random numbers, the buffer means having an output for distributing the stored verified pseudo-random numbers; and

random number generator control means coupled to the buffer means, verification means, and the pseudo-random number circuit for activating the random number circuit and the verification means and causing the buffer means to deliver a set of the stored verified random numbers on the buffer means output continuously.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the random number circuit includes a clock input for receiving an externally generated continuously variable signal, the apparatus further comprising:

means for generating a first clock signal on a clock output;

means generating a second clock signal from the time at which the player record is generated; and

means having an output coupled to the clock input for receiving and combining the first and second clock signals to generate the continuously variable signal.

16. An apparatus for implementing a game, comprising:

a player interface unit generating at least a player record of information indicating a player-initiated event from a player playing a selected game;

a random number circuit providing an output signal comprising a series of uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers;

verification means receiving the output signal from the random number circuit for verifying that the received series of uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers are statistically random, the verification means having an output for supplying sets of verified pseudo-random numbers;

a rules library storing indexed rules for one or more games including the selected game;

an interface registry storing mapping data for mapping the player record to pre-selected rules in the rules library corresponding to the selected game;

combinatorial algorithm storage means for storing combinatorial algorithms; and

control means coupled to the verification means output, the player interface unit, the interface registry, the combinatorial algorithm storage means, and the rules library for processing the player record, the processing comprising the steps of;

(i) accepting the player record,

(ii) referring to the interface registry to map the player record to a selected rule of the selected game in the rules library,

(iii) executing the selected rule by selectively referring to the combinatorial algorithm storage means and selectively generating requests for sets of verified pseudo-random numbers from the verification means output, and

(iv) generating an output record indicating results of the execution step, the output record delivered to the player interface unit.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the random number circuit comprises an ANSI X9.17 circuit.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the random number circuit comprises an international data encryption algorithm (IDEA) encryption circuit.

19. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the random number circuit comprises a data encryption standard (DES) encryption circuit.

20. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the random number circuit further comprises a continuously running clock circuit providing a clock output to the encryption circuit, means for providing at least one key value to the random number circuit, and means for providing at least one seed value to the random number circuit, whereby the encryption circuit encrypts the clock output using the at least one key value and the at least one seed value to provide the series of pseudo-random numbers.

21. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing independence of the received pseudo-random numbers.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the means for testing independence uses a runs test.

23. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers using a Kolmogrorov-Smirnov test.

24. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers using a Chi-square test.

25. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the verification circuit comprises means for testing uniformity of the received pseudo-random numbers in more than one dimension using a series test.

26. The apparatus of claim 16 further comprising means coupled to the control means for accepting the series of uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers and generating a series of non-uniformly distributed psuedo-random numbers.

27. The apparatus of claims 26 wherein the distribution of the series of non-uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers is selected from the group consisting of:

a normal distribution, an exponential distribution, a Poisson distribution, a gamma distribution, and a hypergeometric distribution.

28. A method for playing one of a plurality of games at a gaming apparatus, said method comprising the steps of:

generating a player record of information in response to a player-initiated event from a player playing a selected game from said plurality of games on the gaming apparatus;

generating pseudo-random numbers;

verifying that the generated pseudo-random numbers are statistically random;

storing mapping data in an interface memory;

storing combinatorial algorithms in a combinatorial algorithm memory;

mapping the generated player record to a selected rule of the selected game in the rules library;

executing the selected rule by selectively referring to the stored combinatorial algorithms and selectively receiving verified pseudo-random numbers; and

delivering an output record in response to the player interface unit.