Apparatus for judging driving attentiveness with respect to a ratio of steering frequency components and a method therefor

• US 5,717,606 A
• Filed: 04/25/1995
• Issued: 02/10/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Inventors: Hara, Toru, Kamiya, Koichi, Furuichi, Tetsuya, Kawakami, Yoshinaka
• Primary Examiner(s): Trammell, James P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pipala, Edward J.
• Application Number:
  US08/428,868
• Time in Patent Office: 1,022 Days
• Field of Search: 364/484, 364/485, 364/424.01, 364/424.05, 364/419.2, 364/550, 364/551.01, 364/423.098, 364/424.051, 364/424.054, 364/424.057, 340/425.5, 340/439, 340/575, 340/576, 395/3, 395/61, 395/905, 395/911, 395/913, 395/900, 180/271, 180/272
• US Class Current: 701/44
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/06 indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms

Abstract

Driving attentiveness judging method and apparatus for accurately determining the driver'"'"'s attentiveness level during driving of a motor vehicle are provided wherein steering angle data and vehicle speed data, respectively supplied from a steering angle sensor and a vehicle speed sensor, are sampled by a steering angle data sampling section and a vehicle speed data sampling section, respectively. Respective levels of road shape component, visual steering component, and corrective steering component of the steering angle data are detected by a steering angle data processing section, and a fuzzy inference output representing a driving attentiveness level is obtained by a fuzzy inference section in accordance with fuzzy rules and the three steering component levels. In accordance with the fuzzy inference output which has been subjected to vehicle speed-dependent correction by a vehicle speed correcting section, the driving attentiveness level is displayed at a display device, and also a warning mark is displayed if the vehicle speed-corrected fuzzy inference output is small.

Claims

1. A driving attentiveness judging method comprising:

a steering angle detecting step of detecting a steering angle of a motor vehicle to obtain steering angle data;

a steering frequency component detecting step of detecting at least two of a plurality of steering frequency components of respective different frequency bands from the steering angle data; and

an attentiveness determining step of estimating a driving attentiveness level based on a ratio of one of said at least two of said plurality of steering components detected to another one of said at least two of said plurality of steering frequency components detected.

2. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining respective logarithms of the plurality of steering frequency components detected in said steering frequency component detecting step, and estimating the driving attentiveness level based on a ratio of one to another of the obtained logarithms.

3. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining a steering action factor based on the ratio of said one of said at least two of said plurality of steering components detected to another one of said at least two of said plurality of steering frequency components detected, and estimating the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor.

4. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver.

5. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 4, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting, as said first, second and third steering frequency components, frequency components falling within a frequency range of 0.1 to 0.25 HZ, a frequency range of 0.25 to 0.67 Hz, and a frequency range of 0.67 to 1.4 Hz, respectively.

6. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 4, wherein said attentiveness determining step includes:

obtaining at least one of a first steering action factor corresponding to predictiveness of steering action and a second steering action factor corresponding to effort of steering action, said first steering action factor being obtainable based on a ratio of the first steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component, said second steering action factor being obtainable based on a ratio of the third steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component;

obtaining based on the third steering frequency component a third steering action factor corresponding to deliberateness of steering action; and

estimating the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the obtained at least one of the first and second steering action factors and with reduction in level of the third steering action factor.

7. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, and a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining, based on a ratio of the first steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component, a steering action factor corresponding to predictiveness of steering action, and estimating the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor corresponding to the predictiveness.

8. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting a steering frequency component corresponding to a visual steering by a driver, and a steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the steering frequency component corresponding to the visual steering and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining, based on a ratio of the steering frequency component corresponding to the corrective steering to the steering frequency component corresponding to the visual steering, a steering action factor corresponding to effort of steering action, and estimating the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor corresponding to the effort.

9. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, wherein said attentiveness determining step includes performing fuzzy inference based on respective levels of said plurality of steering frequency components detected and a plurality of fuzzy rules, to thereby estimate the driving attentiveness level.

10. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 9, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining, based on the first, second and third steering frequency components, first, second and third steering action factors corresponding respectively to predictiveness, effort and deliberateness of steering action as fuzzy variables, and performing the fuzzy inference by using fuzzy rules which prescribe that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the first, second and third steering action factors.

11. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 9, wherein said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining step includes obtaining, based on the first through third steering frequency components, first, second and third steering action factors corresponding respectively to predictiveness, effort and deliberateness of steering action as fuzzy variables, and performing the fuzzy inference by using fuzzy rules which prescribe that the driving attentiveness level rises with increase in level of the first, second and third steering action factors.

12. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, which further comprises:

a vehicle speed detecting step of detecting vehicle speed; and

wherein

said steering frequency component detecting step includes detecting said plurality of steering frequency components only when a vehicle operating state in which the vehicle speed is higher than or equal to a predetermined value and also the steering angle is smaller than or equal to a predetermined steering angle continues for a predetermined time period.

13. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, which further comprises:

a vehicle speed detecting step of detecting vehicle speed; and

a vehicle speed correcting step of increasingly correcting the driving attentiveness level estimated in said attentiveness determining step when the motor vehicle is traveling at low vehicle speed.

14. The driving attentiveness judging method according to claim 1, which further comprises:

a warning step of warning that driving attentiveness is low when the driving attentiveness level estimated in said attentiveness determining step is lower than a predetermined level.

15. A driving attentiveness judging apparatus comprising:

steering angle detecting means for detecting a steering angle of a motor vehicle to obtain steering angle data;

steering frequency component detecting means for detecting at least two of a plurality of steering frequency components of respective different frequency bands from the steering angle data; and

attentiveness determining means for estimating a driving attentiveness level based on a ratio of one of said at least two of said plurality of steering components detected to another one of said at least two of said plurality of steering frequency components detected.

16. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means includes a data sampling section for sampling the steering angle data at predetermined intervals, and a steering angle data processing section for subjecting the sampled steering angle data to frequency analysis to obtain said plurality of steering frequency components.

17. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said attentiveness determining means obtains respective logarithms of the plurality of steering frequency components detected by said steering frequency component detecting means, and estimates the driving attentiveness level based on a ratio of one to another of the obtained logarithms.

18. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said attentiveness determining means obtains a steering action factor based on the ratio of said one of said at least two of said plurality of steering components detected to another one of said at least two of said plurality of steering frequency components detected, and estimates the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor.

19. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver.

20. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects, as the first, second and third steering frequency components, frequency components falling within a frequency range of 0.1 to 0.25 HZ, a frequency range of 0.25 to 0.67 Hz, and a frequency range of 0.67 to 1.4 Hz, respectively.

21. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said attentiveness determining means obtains at least one of a first steering action factor corresponding to predictiveness of steering action and a second steering action factor corresponding to effort of steering action, said first steering action factor being obtainable based on a ratio of the first steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component, said second steering action factor being obtainable based on a ratio of the third steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component;

obtains based on the third steering frequency component a third steering action factor corresponding to deliberateness of steering action; and

estimates the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the obtained at least one of the first and second steering action factor and with reduction in level of the third steering action factor.

22. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, and a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining means obtains, based on a ratio of the first steering frequency component to the second steering frequency component, a steering action factor corresponding to predictiveness of steering action, and estimates the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor corresponding to the predictiveness.

23. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects a steering frequency component corresponding to a visual steering by a driver, and a steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the steering frequency component corresponding to the visual steering and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said attentiveness determining means obtains, based on a ratio of the steering frequency component corresponding to the corrective steering to the steering frequency component corresponding to the visual steering, a steering action factor corresponding to effort of steering action, and estimates the driving attentiveness level such that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the steering action factor corresponding to the effort.

24. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said attentiveness determining means includes a fuzzy inference section for performing fuzzy inference based on respective levels of said plurality of steering frequency components detected and a plurality of fuzzy rules, to thereby estimate the driving attentiveness level.

25. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 24, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said fuzzy inference section obtains, based on the first, second and third steering frequency components, first, second and third steering action factors corresponding respectively to predictiveness, effort and deliberateness of steering action as fuzzy variables, and performs the fuzzy inference by using fuzzy rules which prescribe that the driving attentiveness level lowers with reduction in level of the first, second and third steering action factors.

27. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, which further comprises:

vehicle speed detecting means for detecting vehicle speed; and

wherein

said steering frequency component detecting means includes a driving condition determining section for determining whether or not a vehicle operating state in which the vehicle speed is higher than or equal to a predetermined value and also the steering angle is smaller than or equal to a predetermined steering angle has continued for a predetermined time period, and detects said plurality of steering frequency components only when the vehicle operating state has continued for the predetermined time period.

28. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, which further comprises:

vehicle speed detecting means for detecting vehicle speed; and

vehicle speed correcting means for increasingly correcting the driving attentiveness level estimated by said attentiveness determining means when the motor vehicle is traveling at low vehicle speed.

29. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 15, which further comprises:

warning means for warning that driving attentiveness is low when the driving attentiveness level estimated by said attentiveness determining means is lower than a predetermined level.

26. The driving attentiveness judging apparatus according to claim 26, wherein said steering frequency component detecting means detects a first steering frequency component corresponding to a road shape follow-up steering by a driver, a second steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the first steering frequency component and which corresponds to a visual steering by the driver, and a third steering frequency component which is on a higher frequency side than the second steering frequency component and which corresponds to a corrective steering by the driver;

and

said fuzzy inference section obtains, based on the first, second and third steering frequency components, first, second and third steering action factors corresponding respectively to predictiveness, effort and deliberateness of steering action as fuzzy variables, and performs the fuzzy inference by using fuzzy rules which prescribe that the driving attentiveness level rises with increase in level of the first, second and third steering action factors.