Method and apparatus for measuring and enhancing neuro-motor coordination

• US 5,743,744 A
• Filed: 05/31/1996
• Issued: 04/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Interactive Metronome, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Synaptec, LLC
• Inventors: Cassily, James F., Lagerkvist, James B.
• Primary Examiner(s): CHENG, JOE H
• Application Number:
  US08/656,061
• Time in Patent Office: 697 Days
• Field of Search: 434/114, 434/116, 434/185, 434/236-238, 434/258, 434/307 R, 434/308, 434/350, 434/362, 434/365, 340/384.1, 340/384.3, 340/500, 340/573, 340/825.06, 340/825.19, 340/825.57, 340/825.7, 340/825.71, 340/825.77, 395/927, 119/712, 119/718, 128/732, 128/733, 128/736, 84/470 R, 84/477 R, 84/484, 84/714
• US Class Current: 434/258
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/18 for vehicle drivers or machine operators
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/486 Bio-feedback A61B5/375 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7455 characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 15/00 Teaching music metronomes G04F5/02
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 21/009 Teaching or communicating with deaf persons G09B21/04 takes precedence; deaf and dumb persons G09B21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 5/04 with audible presentation of the material to be studied sound recording or reproducing G11B

Abstract

A method and apparatus for measuring and enhancing the neuro-motor coordination of humans and animals includes generation of a non-visual periodic reference signal that is supplied to the user. A response is received from the user of that user'"'"'s perception of an occurrence of the periodic reference signal. A non-visual feedback signal is derived as a function of the occurrence of the reference signal and the user response. The non-visual feedback signal is supplied to indicate to that user the temporal relationship of the user'"'"'s response and the occurrence of the periodic reference signal. The non-visual signal may be in the form of an audio feedback signal or may be a tactile feedback signal.

Claims

1. A neuro-motor coordination measuring and enhancing apparatus, comprising:

a user operable trigger device which receives a user manipulation of said trigger device;

an aural output which provides an aural signal to a user; and

a control including an aural generator which is responsive to user manipulation of said trigger device for causing said aural output to generate aural signals, said control generating a reference signal having occurrences separated by a predetermined time interval and determining a temporal relationship between user manipulations of said trigger device and occurrences of said reference signal, said control causing said aural output to provide aural signals including said reference signal and a guidance aural signal that is a function of said temporal relationship, wherein said guidance aural signal is provided substantially concurrently with a user manipulation of said trigger device in order to draw the user into time alignment with the occurrences of the reference signal for extended periods thereby improving the user'"'"'s neurological functionality.

2. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein said aural output includes at least one audio speaker and wherein said aural output combines said reference signal and said guidance aural signal into a combined signal and supplies the combined signal to said at least one audio speaker.

3. The apparatus in claim 2 wherein said guidance aural signal is a tactile signal.

4. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein said trigger device is one of a touch sensor, an impact sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, a pressure sensor and a microphone.

5. The apparatus in claim 4 wherein said trigger device is configured to be mounted to a hand of a user.

6. The apparatus in claim 4 wherein said trigger device is configured to be mounted to a foot of a user.

7. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein said control is a programmable microprocessor.

8. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein said guidance aural signal varies in proportion to said temporal relationship.

9. The apparatus in claim 8 wherein said guidance aural signal varies in one of pitch, tonality and amplitude in proportion to said temporal relationship.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said reference signal is an audio tone and wherein said audio tone varies from said guidance aural signal in proportion to said temporal relationship.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said guidance aural signal varies from said audio tone as a function of the temporal relationship between said response and the predetermined time interval since the last occurrence of said reference signal.

12. A method of measuring and enhancing the neuro-motor coordination of a user, said method including the steps of:

presenting to the user repetitive occurrences of a non-visual reference signal, said occurrences separated by a predetermined time interval;

receiving from the user with a trigger device a conscious physical response to the user'"'"'s prediction of the lapse of said predetermined time interval since the last occurrence of said reference signal;

determining the temporal relationship between the conscious physical response of the user and the predetermined time interval since the last occurrence of the reference signal; and

generating a non-visual guidance signal that is a function of said temporal relationship and presenting said guidance signal to the user substantially concurrently with the user'"'"'s response in order to draw the user into time alignment with the occurrence of the reference signal and to induce repetitive physical interactivity with the reference signal to thereby enhance the neuro-motor coordination of the user.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said reference signal and said guidance signal are aural.

14. The method of claim 12 further including the step of providing a reward signal to the user when said temporal relationship is within a particular range.

15. The method of claim 14 further including the step of varying said particular range.

16. The method of claim 12 wherein said non-visual guidance signal varies in proportion to said temporal relationship.

17. The method in claim 12 wherein said non-visual guidance signal is an aural signal that varies in one of pitch, tonality and amplitude in proportion to said temporal relationship.

18. The method in claim 17 wherein said periodic reference signal is an audio tone and wherein said audio tone varies from said aural signal in proportion to said temporal relationship.

19. The method in claim 18 wherein said aural signal varies from said audio tone as a function of the temporal relationship between said response and the predetermined time interval since the last occurrence of said periodic reference signal.

20. The method in claim 12 wherein said non-visual guidance signal is a tactile signal.