Method and apparatus for enhancing computer-user selection of computer-displayed objects through dynamic selection area and constant visual feedback

• US 5,757,358 A
• Filed: 06/05/1995
• Issued: 05/26/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Inventors: Osga, Glenn A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Liang, Regina
• Application Number:
  US08/464,163
• Time in Patent Office: 1,086 Days
• Field of Search: 345/145, 345/156, 345/157, 345/146, 345/163, 345/167
• US Class Current: 715/862
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04812 Interaction techniques based on cursor appearance or behaviour, e.g. being affected by the presence of displayed objects
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04842 Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements G06F3/0482 takes precedence

Abstract

A method and apparatus for enhancing computer-user selection of computer-displayed objects reduces required cursor travel distance to an object by increasing the effective object selection area without enlarging the displayed size of either the object symbology or cursor. This is done through the constant computation of a "selectable" cursor target, which is the object closest to the current cursor position on a computer-display. The distance to all display symbols is computed in real-time as a cursor is moved. The system identifies the "selectable" object by providing a visual indication to the computer-user of the closest object to the cursor before a computer-user selection action is made. A computer-user selection confirmation action, such as the depressing of a mouse switch, erases the "selectable" object identifier and displays a visual indication that the object is a "selected" object. Object selection speed and accuracy is improved by the application of the invention.

Claims

1. A method comprising the steps of:

determining which of a plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to a computer user controlled cursor; and

enabling said closest computer-displayed object to be selected by said computer user without regard to whether said cursor is within a predetermined distance of said closest computer displayed object.

2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of visually distinguishing said closest computer-displayed object from other computer-displayed objects of said plurality of computer-displayed objects.

3. A method according to claim 2 wherein said step of visually distinguishing said closest computer-displayed object includes highlighting said closest computer-displayed object.

4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a color of said closest computer-displayed object.

5. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes displaying said closest computer-displayed object in inverse video.

6. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a border color of said closest computer-displayed object.

7. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a border of said closest computer-displayed object.

8. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a background appearance of said closest computer-displayed object.

9. A method according to claim 2, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a dimension of said closest computer-displayed object.

10. A method according to claim 1 in which the arrangement of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is not predefined.

11. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of determining which of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to said computer user controlled cursor includes:

applying the Pythagorean Theorem to determine the distance from said computer user controlled cursor to each computer-displayed object of said plurality of computer-displayed objects; and

identifying said closest computer-displayed object as that computer-displayed object that is at the smallest distance found by said step of applying the Pythagorean Theorem.

12. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of determining which of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to said computer user controlled cursor includes:

applying the Pythagorean Theorem to determine the distance from said computer user controlled cursor to at least one of said computer-displayed objects.

13. A method according to claim 1, wherein said step of determining which of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to said computer user controlled cursor includes:

using a trigonometric function to determine the distance from said computer user controlled cursor to at least one of said computer-displayed objects.

14. A method according to claim 13 in which said trigonometric function is the Law of Cosines.

15. A method according to claim 13 in which said trigonometric function is the Law of Sines.

16. An apparatus for categorizing computer-displayed objects comprising:

means for determining which computer-displayed object is closest to a user-controlled displayed cursor; and

means for enabling said closest computer-displayed object to be selected by said computer user without regard to whether said cursor is within a predetermined distance of said closest computer displayed object.

17. An apparatus according to claim 16 in which said closest computer-displayed object is visually distinguished from other computer-displayed objects of said plurality of computer-displayed objects.

18. A method according to claim 17 wherein said step of visually distinguishing said closest computer-displayed object includes highlighting said closest computer-displayed object.

19. An apparatus according to claim 16 in which the arrangement of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is not predefined.

20. A method for facilitating computer-user selection of one of a plurality of computer-displayed objects comprising the steps of:

determining which of said plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to a user-controlled cursor;

marking said closest computer-displayed object to visually distinguish it from other computer-displayed objects; and

enabling said closest computer-displayed object to be selected by said computer-user without regard to whether said cursor is within a predetermined distance from said closest computer-displayed object.

21. A method for facilitating computer-user selection of computer-displayed objects comprising the steps of:

determining which computer-displayed object is closest to a user-controlled cursor;

marking said closest computer-displayed object to visually signify that said closest computer-displayed object is selectable by said computer-user; and

enabling said closest computer-displayed object to be selected by said computer-user without regard to whether said cursor is within a predetermined distance from said closest computer-displayed object through the action of switching a selection switch.

22. A method according to claim 21 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said computer-user, said method further including the step of:

marking said selected closest computer-displayed object to visually signify that said closest computer-displayed object has been selected.

23. A method according to claim 21 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said computer-user, said method further including the step of:

visually changing said selected closest computer-displayed object to signify that said closest computer-displayed object has been selected.

24. An apparatus for easing computer-user selection of computer-displayed objects comprising:

means for determining which computer-displayed object is closest to a user-controlled displayed cursor;

means for visually distinguishing the closest computer-displayed object from other computer-displayed objects; and

means for making said closest computer-displayed object eligible for selection by said computer-user without regard to whether said cursor is within a predetermined distance of said closest computer-displayed object.

25. An apparatus according to claim 24 further including:

means for marking said closest computer-displayed object when said closest computer-displayed object has been selected.

26. An apparatus according to claim 24 further including:

means for visually changing said closest computer-displayed object to signify that said closest computer-displayed object has been selected.

27. A method in which placement of a user-controlled cursor within an object selection area coupled with a selection action by said user will select a computer-displayed object within said object selection area, said method comprising the steps of:

determining which of a plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to said computer user controlled cursor; and

defining said object selection area based upon the distance of said closest computer-displayed object with respect to other computer-displayed objects of said plurality of computer-displayed objects.

28. A method according to claim 27 further including the step of:

marking said closest computer-displayed object to visually distinguish it from said other computer-displayed objects.

29. A method according to claim 28 in which said closest computer-displayed object is marked to visually indicate that it is selectable.

30. A method according to claim 28 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said selection action of said user and in which said closest computer-displayed object is marked to visually indicate that it has been selected.

31. A method according to claim 28 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said selection action of said user and in which said closest computer-displayed object is visually changed to indicate that it has been selected.

32. An apparatus in which placement of a user-controlled cursor within an object selection area coupled with a selection action by said user will select a computer-displayed object within said object selection area, said apparatus comprising:

means for determining which of a plurality of computer-displayed objects is closest to said computer user controlled cursor; and

means for defining said object selection area based upon the distance of said closest computer-displayed object with respect to other computer-displayed objects of said plurality of computer-displayed objects.

33. An apparatus according to claim 32 further including:

means for marking said closest computer-displayed object to visually distinguish it from said other computer-displayed object.

34. An apparatus according to claim 33 in which said closest computer-displayed object is marked to visually indicate that it is selectable.

35. An apparatus according to claim 34 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said selection action of said user and in which said closest computer-displayed object is marked to visually indicate that it has been selected.

36. An apparatus according to claim 34 in which said closest computer-displayed object is selected by said selection action of said user and in which said closest computer-displayed object is visually changed to indicate that it has been selected.

38. A method according to claim 32 further comprising the step of visually distinguishing said object determined to have the least distance from said cursor from other objects of said plurality of objects appearing on said computer display.

40. A method according to claim 38 in which said closest computer object is selected, said method further including the step of

visually marking said selected closest computer object to signify that said closest computer object is selected.

37. A method comprising the steps of:

determining which object of a plurality of objects appearing on a computer display is closest to a computer cursor; and

enabling said object to be selected without regard to whether said object is within a predetermined distance from said cursor.

39. A method according to claim 37 in which the arrangement of said plurality of computer objects is not predefined.

41. An apparatus comprising:

means for determining which object of a plurality of objects appearing on a computer display is closest to a computer cursor; and

means for enabling said object to be selected without regard to whether said object is within a predetermined distance from said cursor.

42. An apparatus according to claim 41 further comprising:

means for visually distinguishing said object determined to have the least distance from said cursor from other objects of said plurality of objects appearing on said computer display.

43. An apparatus according to claim 42 in which said closest computer object is selected, said apparatus further including:

means for visually marking said selected closest computer object to signify that said closest computer object is selected.

44. A method comprising the steps of:

determining the distance between graphic objects appearing on a display screen and a cursor appearing on said display screen without regard to whether said objects are within a predetermined distance from said cursor; and

visually distinguishing a graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

45. A method according to claim 44 in which the arrangement of said graphic objects is not predefined.

46. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a color of said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

47. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes displaying said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor in inverse video.

48. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a border color of said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

49. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a border of said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

50. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a background appearance of said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

51. A method according to claim 44, wherein said step of visually distinguishing includes changing a dimension of said graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.

52. An apparatus comprising:

means for determining the distance between graphic objects appearing on a display screen and a cursor appearing on said display screen without regard to whether said objects are within a predetermined distance from said cursor; and

means for visually distinguishing a graphic object determined to have the least distance from said cursor.