Knock-down satellite positioning system antenna supporting tripod

• US 5,769,370 A
• Filed: 05/08/1996
• Issued: 06/23/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Topcon GPS, LLC
• Original Assignee: Javad Positioning, LLC
• Inventors: Ashjaee, Javad
• Primary Examiner(s): Ramirez, Ramon O.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Baxter, Gwendolyn W.
• Application Number:
  US08/647,472
• Time in Patent Office: 776 Days
• Field of Search: 248/168, 248/163.1, 248/181.1, 248/523, 33/262, 33/293, 342/335, 342/357, 356/3.12, 356/139.05, 343/894, 343/880, 343/881, 343/882, 343/883
• US Class Current: 248/181.1
• CPC Class Codes: F16M 11/14 with ball-joint ball-jointed hinges F16C11/06 ; adjustable mountings employing universal joints for lighting devices F21V21/26 - F21V21/30
• CPC Class Codes: F16M 11/16 Details concerning attachment of head-supporting legs, with or without actuation of locking members thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F16M 11/2014 around a vertical axis F16M11/2035 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F16M 11/2092 comprising means allowing depth adjustment, i.e. forward-backward translation of the head relatively to the undercarriage
• CPC Class Codes: F16M 11/32 Undercarriages for supports with three or more telescoping legs
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 15/00 Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/35 Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/1235 Collapsible supports; Means for erecting a rigid antenna
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/125 Means for positioning
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/18 Means for stabilising antennas on an unstable platform

Abstract

A knocked-down portable geodetic surveying station in kit form is disclosed which utilizes a GPS antenna attached to the top portion of a surveyor'"'"'s stake, or other type monopole. By positioning the bottom portion of the monopole directly upon a desired ground location, and adjusting the angular position of the monopole so that it is precisely vertical, the GPS antenna may be quickly and accurately positioned level and directly above the desired ground location. The GPS antenna and monopole are designed to be used in conjunction with a newly designed geodetic surveying tripod which can be quickly and conveniently set up to support the monopole in its vertical position directly above the desired ground location. The tripod of the present invention includes a tripod head which comprises a base platform, a first housing slidably mounted on the platform to permit the first housing to move along a first directional path, and a second housing slidably mounted within the first housing to permit the second housing to move along a second directional path, generally orthogonal to the first directional path. Mounted pivotally within the second housing is a gimbal which includes a central cavity for receiving the shaft of the monopole. The gimbal allows the angular position of the monopole and GPS antenna to be adjusted independently of the angular position tripod platform.

Claims

1. A knocked-down portable survey station in kit-form adapted to be assembled on-site for geodetic surveying comprising:

a surveyor'"'"'s stake having an upper end and a lower end, said stake comprising a plurality of sections, each of said sections including means for releasably attaching a first section to a second section;

a satellite positioning system antenna releasably attachable to the upper end of said stake; and

a tripod having a tripod head and at least three legs releasably and hingedly attachable at their upper ends to said tripod head, each of said legs comprising at least one of said plurality of sections;

said tripod head including;

a base platform releasably attachable to said tripod legs; and

a base positioning assembly movably attached to said platform for providing a pivot assembly at least two dimensional freedom of motion in a planes said base positioning assembly comprising a first housing slidably mounted on said platform to permit said first housing to move along a first directional path, and a second housing slidably mounted to said first housing to permit said second housing to move along a second directional path which is different from said first directional path;

said pivot assembly pivotally being attached to said base positioning assembly for providing at least partial freedom of rotation about at least two orthogonal axes, said pivotal assembly includes a gimbal pivotally mounted to said second housing to permit said gimbal to pivot about both an x-axis and a y-axis, said gimbal including a central cavity for receiving said stake.

2. The station of claim 1 wherein each of said plurality of sections has a fixed and predetermined length.

3. A The station of claim 1 further including a plurality of grounding point members releasably attached to the lower end of said stake and to a bottom end portion of each of said tripod legs.

4. The station of claim 1 further including a level releasably attachable to said stake for providing readings related to an angular position of said stake.

5. The station of claim 1 further comprising a first locking screw for simultaneously, releasably locking a position of said second housing relative to said first housing and locking an angular position of said gimbal.

6. The station of claim 5 wherein said first locking screw further simultaneously releasably locks a vertical position of said stake.

7. The station of claim 1 wherein said base platform includes, a plurality of tripod leg mounting assemblies hingedly connected to said platform, each of said mounting assemblies being releasably attachable to a respective tripod leg, each of said mounting assemblies including stop means for restricting motion of a respective tripod leg to a maximum, fixed outward position.

8. The station of claim 7 wherein said stop means comprises a rod cooperating with a notch in said mounting assembly in a manner to restrict pivotal motion of said mounting assembly.

9. A tripod assembly comprising:

a tripod head, said tripod head including;

a base platform securable to a support means for supporting said platform at a fixed position above a surface; and

a base positioning assembly movably attached to said platform for providing a pivot assembly at least two dimensional freedom of motion in a plane, said base positioning assembly comprising a first housing slidably mounted on said platform to permit said first housing to move along a first directional path, and a second housing slidably mounted to said first housing to permit said second housing to move along a second directional path which is different from said first directional path;

said pivot assembly including a gimbal pivotally mounted to said second housing to permit said gimbal to pivot about both an x-axis and a y-axis, said gimbal including a central cavity for receiving a stake;

said base platform including a plurality of tripod leg mounting assemblies hingedly connected to said platform, each of said mounting assemblies being releasably attachable to a respective tripod leg, each of said mounting assemblies including stop means for restricting motion of a respective tripod leg to a maximum, fixed outward position.

10. The tripod assembly of claim 9 wherein said stop means comprises a rod cooperating with a notch in said mounting assembly in a manner to restrict pivotal motion of said mounting assembly.

11. The tripod assembly of claim 9 wherein said support means comprises a plurality of tripod legs, each of said legs including at least one of a plurality of sectional members, each of said sectional members being releasably attachable to other sectional members;

wherein an upper portion of each tripod leg is releasably attachable to a respective tripod leg mounting assembly.

12. The tripod assembly of claim 11 further including a ground spike member releasably attachable to a bottom portion of each of said tripod legs.

13. A method for performing geodetic surveying using a knocked-down portable survey station in kit-form adapted to be assembled on-site, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) assembling a plurality of sectional members together to form a plurality of tripod legs and a monopole;

(b) mounting a satellite positioning system antenna onto a top portion of the monopole;

(c) attaching each of the plurality of tripod legs to a respective mounting assembly on a tripod base to thereby form a tripod;

(d) positioning said tripod generally over a desired spot on the ground, said tripod base including a base platform, a first housing slidably mounted on said platform to permit said first housing to move along a first directional path, a second housing slidably mounted within said first housing to permit said second housing to move along a second directional path which is different from said first directional path, and a gimbal pivotally mounted within said second housing to permit said gimbal to pivot about both an x-axis and y-axis, said gimbal including a recess for receiving said monopole;

(e) inserting said monopole through said gimbal recess; and

(f) adjusting the position and angle of the monopole to ensure that said antenna is level and located at a predetermined height directly above said spot.

14. The method of claim 13 including the step of extending each of said tripod legs outward until it reaches a fixed stop.

15. The method of claim 13 further including the steps of:

locking the position of said first housing relative to said platform by tightening a first screw located on said tripod head; and

simultaneously locking the position of said second housing relative to said first housing and locking the angular position of said gimbal by tightening a second screw located on said tripod head; and

wherein said adjusting step includes the steps of;

adjusting a lateral position of said monopole by sliding said first and second housings; and

adjusting an angular position of said monopole by pivoting said gimbal.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein said simultaneous locking step further includes the step of locking the vertical position of said monopole by tightening said second screw.

17. The method of claim 13 further comprising the steps of:

determining global positional coordinates of said antenna using information derived from a plurality of satellites;

calculating a height of said GPS antenna by determining a number of sectional members forming the monopole, and multiplying said number by a fixed constant representing a fixed, predetermined length of each sectional member; and

determining the global positional coordinates of said spot based upon said antenna coordinates and said height of said antenna.