High performance liquid chromatography method and apparatus
DCFirst Claim
1. Chromatography apparatus comprising, in combination,a chromatographic body formed as a substantially uniformly distributed multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles with chromatographically active surfaces, said particles having average diameters of greater than about 30 μ
- m, the interstitial volume between said particles being not less than about 45% of the total volume of said column; and
means for loading said surfaces with at least one solute that is reactive with said surfaces, by flowing a liquid mixture containing said solute through said body at a velocity sufficient to induce flow of said mixture within at least a substantial portion of said interstitial volume at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.
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Abstract
A method of and apparatus for liquid chromatography at improved analytical and preparative speeds and quantities involves flow of fluids through the column at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method includes a substantially uniform chromatography column created by packing together a multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles having diameters of not less than about 30 μm, surfaces of the particles being chromatographically active. A fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with the particle surfaces is injected into the column and subsequently eluted therefrom by a eluant fluid flow, both the injection and elution being effected at a velocity sufficient to induce flow within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.
186 Citations
22 Claims
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1. Chromatography apparatus comprising, in combination,
a chromatographic body formed as a substantially uniformly distributed multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles with chromatographically active surfaces, said particles having average diameters of greater than about 30 μ - m, the interstitial volume between said particles being not less than about 45% of the total volume of said column; and
means for loading said surfaces with at least one solute that is reactive with said surfaces, by flowing a liquid mixture containing said solute through said body at a velocity sufficient to induce flow of said mixture within at least a substantial portion of said interstitial volume at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
- m, the interstitial volume between said particles being not less than about 45% of the total volume of said column; and
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13. Chromatography apparatus comprising, in combination,
a chromatographic column formed as a substantially uniformly distributed, packed multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles with chromatographically active surfaces, said particle having substantially uniform average diameters of not less than about 500 μ - m, and
means for loading said surfaces with at least one solute that is reactive with said surfaces, by flowing a liquid mixture containing said solute through said column at a velocity sufficient to induce flow of said mixture within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between said particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 50,000. - View Dependent Claims (14)
- m, and
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15. In chromatography apparatus including a chromatographic column formed as a bed of a packed multiplicity of rigid solid particles having substantially uniform mean diameters of not less than about 30 μ
- m, the surfaces of said particles being chromatographically active and wherein a solute introduced into said bed tends to become non-specifically bound to said particles, the improvement including
means for injecting a liquid mixture comprising said solute into said column at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000 so as to load said particles with said solute; and means for eluting the loaded solute from said particles by flowing eluant fluid through said column at an average reduced velocity greater than about 5000.
- m, the surfaces of said particles being chromatographically active and wherein a solute introduced into said bed tends to become non-specifically bound to said particles, the improvement including
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16. A chromatographic column comprising, in combination,
a container packed with a substantially uniformly distributed multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles with chromatographically active surfaces, said particle having substantially uniform average diameters in the range between about 30 to about 500 μ - m, the interstitial volume between said particles being greater than about 45% of the total volume of said body, said volume being formed of a multiplicity of interstitial channels between said particles, at least a majority of said channels having mean cross-section dimensions substantially not less than about 5 μ
m. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
- m, the interstitial volume between said particles being greater than about 45% of the total volume of said body, said volume being formed of a multiplicity of interstitial channels between said particles, at least a majority of said channels having mean cross-section dimensions substantially not less than about 5 μ
Specification