Dynamic load controller for a battery

• US 5,773,961 A
• Filed: 06/06/1996
• Issued: 06/30/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/06/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Philips Electronics North America Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Heartstream, Inc. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Powers, Daniel J., Cameron, David B., Roberts, Douglas H.
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US08/659,503
• Time in Patent Office: 754 Days
• Field of Search: 320/13, 320/15, 320/17, 320/20, 320/21, 320/22, 320/23, 320/32, 320/39, 320/43, 320/45, 320/48, 320/132, 320/136, 320/DIG. 21, 324/427, 324/429, 340/636, 607/5, 607/29
• US Class Current: 320/132
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3937 Monitoring output parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16542 for batteries charge condition monitoring in G01R31/36
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/23 The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0063 with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/21 State of charge of battery

Abstract

A method and apparatus for indicating a low battery condition and for dynamically controlling the load on a battery in order to optimize battery usage. A dynamic load controller for a battery includes detection circuitry for measuring at least one condition related to battery capacity, and power control circuitry for adjusting a power load on the battery based upon the condition. The dynamic load controller may be employed to control the power load on a battery that powers an electrotherapy device, such as a defibrillator. The battery condition may include the slope of a capacity curve, which may be the product of the battery voltage and the power delivered from the battery as a function of the delivered power. Based upon this condition, the power control circuitry adjusts the power load to optimize power delivery from the battery. The controller includes circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a power threshold, or if the optimum power falls below a power threshold. The controller also includes circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a minimum power threshold, or if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

Claims

1. A dynamic load controller for a battery, comprising:

detection circuitry for measuring at least one condition related to battery capacity; and

optimization circuitry for optimizing power delivery from the battery at an optimum power based upon the at least one condition.

2. The dynamic load controller of claim 1, wherein the at least one condition is a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

3. The dynamic load controller of claim 2, wherein the capacity curve is the product of the battery voltage and the power delivered from the battery as a function of the power delivered from the battery.

4. The dynamic load controller of claim 1, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

5. The dynamic load controller of claim 1, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

6. The dynamic load controller of claim 1, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

7. A dynamic load controller for a battery, comprising:

detection circuitry for measuring at least one condition related to battery capacity; and

power control circuitry for adjusting a power load on the battery based upon the at least one condition, wherein the at least one condition includes a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

8. The dynamic load controller of claim 7, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a power threshold.

9. The dynamic load controller of claim 7, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a minimum power threshold.

10. The dynamic load controller of claim 7, wherein the power control circuitry adjusts the power load to optimize power delivery from the battery.

11. The dynamic load controller of claim 7, wherein the capacity curve is the product of battery voltage and the power load on the battery as a function of the power load.

12. The dynamic load controller of claim 10, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

13. The dynamic load controller of claim 10, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

14. The dynamic load controller of claim 7, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

19. The dynamic load controller of claim 13, wherein the capacity curve is the product of battery voltage and the power delivered to the main load as a function of the power delivered to the main load.

15. In a battery system having a battery that includes a main stack for powering a main load and a sense cell for powering the main load and a dummy load, a dynamic load controller comprising:

detection circuitry for measuring at least one condition of the battery; and

disabling circuitry for disabling the dummy load based upon the at least one condition of the battery.

16. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, further comprising optimization circuitry for optimizing power delivery to the main load at an optimum power.

17. The dynamic load controller of claim 16, wherein the at least one condition is the optimum power falling below a power threshold.

18. The dynamic load controller of claim 16, wherein the optimization circuitry optimizes power based upon a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

20. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, wherein the at least one condition is the battery voltage falling below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

21. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, wherein the at least one condition is the sense cell voltage falling below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

22. The dynamic load controller of claim 16, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

23. The dynamic load controller of claim 16, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

24. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if the battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a power threshold.

25. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, further comprising circuitry for indicating a low battery condition if the sense cell voltage falls below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a power threshold.

26. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if the battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a minimum power threshold.

27. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, further comprising circuitry for indicating a replace battery condition if the sense cell voltage falls below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a minimum power threshold.

28. The dynamic load controller of claim 15, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

29. In a battery system having a battery that includes a main stack for powering a main load and a sense cell for powering the main load and a dummy load, a dynamic load controller comprising:

circuitry for optimizing power delivery to the main load at an optimum power level by measuring characteristics of the sense cell; and

circuitry for optimizing power delivery to the main load by measuring characteristics of the main stack if the sense cell reaches a low capacity condition.

30. The dynamic load controller of claim 29, wherein the low capacity condition comprises the sense cell voltage falling below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

31. The dynamic load controller of claim 29, wherein the low capacity condition comprises the optimum power level falling below a power threshold.

32. The dynamic load controller of claim 29, wherein the optimizing circuitry includes circuitry for adjusting power delivery based in part upon a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

33. The dynamic load controller of claim 29, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

34. A method for dynamically controlling the load on a battery, comprising the steps of:

measuring at least one condition related to battery capacity; and

optimizing power delivery from the battery at an optimum power based upon the at least one condition.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the at least one condition is a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the capacity curve is the product of the battery voltage and the power delivered from the battery as a function of the power delivered from the battery.

37. The method of claim 34, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

38. The method of claim 34, further comprising the step of indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

39. The method of claim 34, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

40. A method for dynamically controlling the load on a battery, comprising the steps of:

measuring at least one condition related to battery capacity; and

adjusting a power load on the battery based upon the at least one condition, wherein the at least one condition includes a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

41. The method of claim 40, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a power threshold.

42. The method of claim 40, further comprising the step of indicating a replace battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and the power load falls below a minimum power threshold.

43. The method of claim 40, wherein the adjusting step comprises the step of adjusting the power load to optimize power delivery from the battery.

44. The method of claim 40, wherein the capacity curve is the product of battery voltage and the power load on the battery as a function of the power load.

45. The method of claim 43, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

46. The method of claim 43, further comprising the step of indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

47. The method of claim 40, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

48. In a battery system having a battery that includes a main stack for powering a main load and a sense cell for powering the main load and a dummy load, a method for dynamically controlling the load on the battery comprising the steps of:

measuring at least one condition of the battery; and

disabling the dummy load based upon the at least one condition of the battery.

49. The method of claim 48, further comprising the step of optimizing power delivery to the main load at an optimum power.

50. The method of claim 49, wherein the at least one condition is the optimum power falling below a power threshold.

51. The method of claim 49, wherein the optimizing step optimizes power based upon a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein the capacity curve is the product of battery voltage and the power delivered to the main load as a function of the power delivered to the main load.

53. The method of claim 48, wherein the at least one condition is the battery voltage falling below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

54. The method of claim 48, wherein the at least one condition is the sense cell voltage falling below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

55. The method of claim 49, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if the optimum power falls below a power threshold.

56. The method of claim 49, further the step of indicating a replace battery condition if the optimum power falls below a minimum power threshold.

57. The method of claim 48, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if the battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a power threshold.

58. The method of claim 48, further comprising the step of indicating a low battery condition if the sense cell voltage falls below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a power threshold.

59. The method of claim 48, further comprising the step of indicating a replace battery condition if battery voltage falls below a battery voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a minimum power threshold.

60. The method of claim 48, further comprising the step of indicating a replace battery condition if sense cell voltage falls below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falls below a minimum power threshold.

61. The method of claim 48, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

62. In a battery system having a battery that includes a main stack for powering a main load and a sense cell for powering the main load and a dummy load, a method for dynamically controlling the load on the battery comprising the steps of:

optimizing power delivery to the main load at an optimum power level by measuring characteristics of the sense cell; and

optimizing power delivery to the main load by measuring characteristics of the main stack if the sense cell reaches a low capacity condition.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein the low capacity condition comprises the sense cell voltage falling below a sense cell voltage threshold and power delivery to the main load falling below a power threshold.

64. The method of claim 62, wherein the low capacity condition comprises the optimum power level falling below a power threshold.

65. The method of claim 62, wherein the optimizing step includes the step of adjusting power delivery based in part upon a slope of a capacity curve of the battery.

66. The method of claim 62, wherein the battery powers an electrotherapy device.

67. A method of providing a battery capacity indication in an electrotherapy device powered by a battery, the method comprising the following steps:

operating the electrotherapy device to treat a patient;

monitoring a battery parameter during the operating step;

providing a low battery capacity indication based on a value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three therapeutic electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted.

68. The method of claim 67 wherein the providing step comprises providing a low battery capacity indication to a user.

69. The method of claim 67 wherein the providing step comprises providing a low battery indication based on the value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least six electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted.

70. The method of claim 67 wherein the providing step comprises providing a low battery indication based on the value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least nine electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted.

71. The method of claim 67 wherein the operating step comprises delivering a shock to a patient.

72. The method of claim 71 wherein the operating step further comprises monitoring the patient'"'"'s ECG.

73. The method of claim 67 wherein the battery parameter comprises battery capacity curve slope.

74. The method of claim 67 wherein the providing step comprises providing a low battery capacity indication based on the value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three therapeutic electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted, the shocks each being generated in 60 seconds or less.

75. The method of claim 67 wherein the providing step comprises providing a low battery capacity indication based on the value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three therapeutic electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted, the shocks each being generated in 60 seconds or less.

76. The method of claim 67 wherein the electrotherapy device is an external defibrillator.

77. A method of providing a battery capacity indication in an electrotherapy device powered by a battery, the method comprising the following steps:

monitoring a battery parameter of the electrotherapy device battery;

providing a low battery capacity indication based on a value of the battery parameter, the providing step being performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

78. The method of claim 77 wherein the providing step is performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least six therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

79. The method of claim 77 wherein the providing step is performed while the electrotherapy device can provide at least nine therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

80. An apparatus for providing a battery capacity indication in an electrotherapy device powered by a battery, the apparatus comprising:

monitoring circuitry for monitoring a battery parameter of the electrotherapy device battery; and

indication circuitry for providing a low battery capacity indication based on a value of the battery parameter while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

81. The apparatus of claim 80, the indication circuitry for providing a low battery capacity indication based on a value of the battery parameter while the electrotherapy device can provide at least six therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

82. The apparatus of claim 80, the indication circuitry for providing the low battery capacity indication based on a value of the battery parameter while the electrotherapy device can provide at least nine therapeutic electrical shocks to a patient before the battery is depleted.

83. The apparatus of claim 80, further comprising circuitry for treating a patient.

84. The apparatus of claim 81, further comprising circuitry for treating a patient.

85. The apparatus of claim 82, further comprising circuitry for treating a patient.

86. The apparatus of claim 80, wherein the indication circuitry provides a low battery capacity indication to a user.

87. The apparatus of claim 83, wherein the circuitry for treating a patient comprises circuitry for delivering a shock to the patient.

88. The apparatus of claim 87, wherein the circuitry for treating a patient comprises circuitry for monitoring the patient'"'"'s ECG.

89. The apparatus of claim 80, wherein the battery parameter comprises battery capacity curve slope.

90. The apparatus of claim 80, wherein the circuitry for providing the low battery indication provides the low battery capacity indication based on the value of the battery parameter while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted, the shocks each being generated in 60 seconds or less.

91. The apparatus of claim 80, wherein the circuitry for providing the low battery indication provides the low battery capacity indication based on the value of the battery parameter while the electrotherapy device can provide at least three electrical shocks to the patient before the battery is depleted, the shocks each being generated in 30 seconds or less.

92. The apparatus of claim 80, wherein the electrotherapy device is an external defibrillator.