Side-loaded pressure regulated free-ink ink-jet pen

• US 5,777,647 A
• Filed: 03/05/1996
• Issued: 07/07/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Company (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Boyd, Melissa D., Pawlowski, Norman Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, N.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HALLACHER, CRAIG ALAN
• Application Number:
  US08/611,111
• Time in Patent Office: 854 Days
• Field of Search: 347/85-87, 347/6.7, 347/93
• US Class Current: 347/86
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/175 Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17503 Ink cartridges
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17513 Inner structure
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/1752 Mounting within the printer
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17523 Ink connection
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17553 Outer structure
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17556 Means for regulating the pressure in the cartridge
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17566 Ink level or ink residue control
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/17596 Ink pumps, ink valves
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2002/17516 comprising a collapsible ink holder, e.g. a flexible bag
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/003 with a probe suspended by rotatable arms with floats G01F23/32
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/72 using magnetically actuated indicating means

Abstract

The present invention relates to free-ink type ink-jet pens. A dual-chambered housing forms ink accumulators which provide a local supply of ink for a printhead mechanism. The accumulators are fluidically coupled to an off-board ink reservoir by a valve mechanism. A pressure regulator mechanism is incorporated into a chamber for maintaining a predetermined gage set point back-pressure within the pen and for regulating the flow of ink from the reservoir by controlling the valve mechanism. A near linear force by biasing the regulator mechanism so as to balance it against a force exerted thereon by the ambient atmosphere via a vent when the valve mechanism is opened due to a force exerted by a differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and the bias force. The mechanism is insensitive to the rate of flow of ink through the valve.

Claims

1. A free-ink, ink-jet pen for coupling to an off-axis ink reservoir, comprising:

a housing, having a means for fluidically coupling said pen to said reservoir; and

within said housing,

a first ink accumulation chamber, having a first ink accumulation chamber ink inlet means for in-flow of ink from said reservoir via said means for fluidically coupling said pen to said reservoir and a first ink accumulation chamber ink outlet means for out-flow of ink from said first ink accumulation chamber,

a second ink accumulation chamber, fluidically coupled to said first ink accumulation chamber ink outlet means for in-flow of ink from said first ink accumulation chamber, having a second ink accumulation chamber ink outlet means for out-flow of ink from said second ink accumulation chamber,

a negative pressure printhead mechanism, fluidically coupled to said second ink accumulation chamber, mounted on said housing and having a printhead ink inlet means for in-flow of ink from said second ink accumulation chamber, and

regulating means for regulating both a predetermined negative pressure set point in said pen and the in-flow of ink from said reservoir into said first ink accumulation chamber.

2. The ink-jet pen as set forth in claim 1, wherein said regulating means further comprises:

valve means for varying ink flow rate and shutting off ink flow from said reservoir into said first ink accumulation chamber when gage pressure in said ink-jet pen is at said predetermined negative pressure set point, and

biasing means, having a substantially constant bias force during varying ink flow rates from said reservoir into said first ink accumulation chamber, coupled to said valve means for opening and closing said valve means.

3. The ink-jet pen as set forth in claim 2, wherein said biasing means further comprises:

means for opening and closing said valve means in response to a pressure differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and said predetermined negative pressure set point.

4. The ink-jet pen as set forth in claim 2, wherein said biasing means further comprises:

a torsion spring having a substantially constant spring force throughout its flex range, and

at least one flexible member mounted adjacent said torsion spring and coupled to ambient atmospheric pressure such that said flexible member changes orientation within said ink-jet pen in response to the differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and said predetermined negative pressure set point.

5. The ink-jet pen as set forth in claim 1, wherein said regulating means comprises:

a valve mechanism,

a valve seat mount,

a valve seat, coupled to said valve seat mount and movable to open and close said valve mechanism such;

that an ink flow rate varies between zero and a predetermined positive flow rate,

a substantially frictionless, linear force biasing mechanism, coupled to said valve seat mount, for biasing said valve seat to close said valve mechanism at a predetermined biasing force, and

a flexible mechanism coupled to said valve seat mount and adapted to be deflected when ambient atmospheric pressure is greater than said predetermined negative pressure set point such that said valve mechanism is opened.

6. The ink-jet pen as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

said regulating means is mounted within said first ink accumulation chamber in a substantially vertical orientation such that said housing has a narrow form factor.

7. The pen as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

said regulating means is constructed to have a specific gravity approximately the same as that of ink contained in said reservoir.

8. The pen as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

said negative pressure printhead means is detachable from said housing by having a means for fluidically engaging said second ink accumulation chamber ink outlet means.

9. The pen as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

means for filtering ink, within said housing upstream of said negative pressure printhead means, including a third ink accumulation chamber and an ink filter between said second ink accumulation chamber ink outlet means and said third ink accumulation chamber.

10. The pen as set forth in claim 1, wherein said regulating means further comprises:

an inflatable bag, having an interior cavity coupled to ambient atmosphere through said housing, and biasing means for biasing said inflatable bag such that said predetermined negative pressure set point is established in said printhead mechanism when said first ink accumulation chamber and said second ink accumulation chamber are substantially filled with ink and said first ink accumulation chamber ink inlet means is closed and said first ink accumulation chamber ink inlet means is open when said bag inflates due to a change in the difference between said predetermined negative pressure set point and ambient atmospheric pressure due to depletion of ink in said first ink accumulation chamber and said second ink accumulation chamber during printing with said ink-jet pen.

11. An ink-jet apparatus, comprising:

at least one ink reservoir having a mechanism for supplying ink from said ink reservoir to said ink-jet pen apparatus at a predetermined ink feed pressure; and

an ink-jet pen fluidically coupled to said reservoir, the pen further including

a pen body having a first ink accumulator chamber and a second ink accumulator chamber, said chambers fluidically coupled to each other,

a valving means for fluidically coupling said first ink accumulator chamber to said ink reservoir,

an ink-jet printhead mechanism coupled to said pen body and in fluidic communication with said second ink accumulator chamber, and

mounted within said first ink accumulator chamber and coupled to said valving means, regulating means for regulating flow of ink into said first ink accumulator chamber from said ink reservoir and said second ink accumulator chamber via said valving means while maintaining a predetermined, substantially constant, back-pressure set point at said ink-jet printhead.

12. The apparatus as set forth in claim 11, wherein:

said regulating means maintains said predetermined, substantially constant, back-pressure set point at said ink-jet printhead mechanism during varying ink flow rates from said ink reservoir into said first ink accumulator chamber.

13. The apparatus as set forth in claim 11, wherein said regulating means further comprises:

biasing means for opening and closing said valving means in response to a force due to a pressure differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and a substantially constant bias force exerted on said valving means by said biasing means.

14. The apparatus as set forth in claim 13, wherein said regulating means further comprises:

a plunger mechanism, coupled to said biasing means, having a valve seat located thereon to open and close said valving means.

15. The apparatus device as set forth in claim 14, wherein said regulating means further comprises:

an inflatable and deflatable bag, coupled to said plunger mechanism and adapted to expand and contract in response to a pressure differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and said substantially constant bias force such that said valving means opens as ambient atmospheric pressure force exceeds said substantially constant bias force.

16. The apparatus as set forth in claim 11, further comprising:

a third ink accumulator chamber fluidically coupling said second ink accumulator chamber and said printhead mechanism, having a means for filtering ink flowing from said second ink accumulator chamber into said printhead mechanism.

17. The apparatus as set forth in claim 11, further comprising:

said pen body including a crown member, and

means for purging gases from each of said accumulator chambers located in said crown member.

18. A free-ink ink-jet system comprising:

a selectively attachable and detachable ink reservoir;

a supply of ink within said ink reservoir; and

an ink-jet pen having

a pen housing having a first ink accumulation chamber with an inlet port means for attaching to and receiving ink from said ink reservoir, a second ink accumulation chamber fluidically coupled to said first ink accumulation chamber, and a vent to ambient atmosphere coupled to said first ink accumulation chamber,

a printhead coupled to said pen housing such that ink in said second ink containment chamber is supplied to said printhead mechanism at a predetermined back-pressure set point,

a flexible, ink impermeable, pressure-sensing regulator mechanism mounted in said first ink accumulation chamber and coupled to said vent such that said regulator mechanism flexes in response to a predetermined pressure differential between a predetermined negative pressure set point within said pen and ambient atmospheric pressure,

a lever, including a means for exerting a predetermined bias thereon, coupled to a surface of said regulator mechanism such that flexing of said mechanism moves said lever against the bias,

a valve seat coupled to said lever adjacent said inlet port means such that ink flow from said reservoir is valved by variably moving said valve seat onto and off of said inlet port, and

a biasing mechanism coupled to said lever and exerting a near linear force on said lever such that said regulator mechanism is balanced against a force exerted thereon by said ambient atmosphere via said vent at said predetermined back-pressure set point at said printhead at any rate of flow of ink through said valve when said valve seat is moved off of said inlet port due to a force exerted by a differential between ambient atmospheric pressure and said back-pressure.

19. The pen as set forth in claim 18, further comprising:

a third ink accumulation chamber fluidically coupling said second ink accumulation chamber to said printhead mechanism, including means for filtering ink prior to transferring ink from said third ink accumulation chamber to said printhead mechanism such that substantially all impurities and bubbles are eliminated from the ink so transferred.

20. The pen as set forth in claim 19, further comprising:

means for purging said gases from said pen.