Apparatus and method for automatically positioning a cursor on a control

• US 5,808,604 A
• Filed: 03/10/1994
• Issued: 09/15/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Robin, Michael B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hjerpe, Richard A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHANG, KENT WU
• Application Number:
  US08/209,166
• Time in Patent Office: 1,650 Days
• Field of Search: 345/145, 345/156, 345/157, 345/113, 345/119, 345/120, 345/146
• US Class Current: 715/862
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0481 based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04812 Interaction techniques based on cursor appearance or behaviour, e.g. being affected by the presence of displayed objects
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0489 using dedicated keyboard keys or combinations thereof
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04892 Arrangements for controlling cursor position based on codes indicative of cursor displacements from one discrete location to another, e.g. using cursor control keys associated to different directions or using the tab key arrangements for controlling cursor position based on coordinate signals G06F3/038

Abstract

A method and apparatus for managing controls on the screen of a computer controlled display. The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides for quick and efficient activation and deactivation of controls by designating a number of controls as a control grouping. The preferred embodiment then collectively activates or deactivates the designated number of controls using an identifier for the control grouping. Additionally, after a user terminates cursor movement, the preferred embodiment automatically positions a cursor on an ideal control. The preferred embodiment determines the ideal control (1) by removing from consideration any controls which are (a) not visible to the user, or (b) located at non-optimal positions on the screen, and (2) by calculating a weighted distance for each remaining control. The preferred embodiment calculates the weighted distances by comparing the previous cursor movements made by a user with application specified parameters. After calculating a weighted distance for each remaining control, the preferred embodiment automatically positions the cursor on the control having a smallest associated weighted distance.

Claims

1. In a computer system, a method for positioning a cursor on one of a plurality of controls, the plurality of controls being displayed an a screen of the computer system, the computer system having a positioning device for controlling cursor movements, wherein the positioning device initiates cursor movements when actuated and terminates cursor movements when released, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a current cursor position;

identifying a last direction of cursor movement path;

for each of the plurality of controls, (1) determining a control path and a control angle, the control path being a path connecting the current cursor position to a respective control, and the control angle being an angle formed between the last direction of cursor movement path and the control path, and (2) calculating a weighted distance as a function of a length of the determined control paths the determined control angle, and a weighting parameter that sets a relative weight of the determined control angle with respect to the length of the determined control path in the calculation of the weighted distance;

determining a smallest weighted distance from the calculated weighted distances; and

automatically positioning the cursor on the control having the determined smallest weighted distance.

2. In a computer system having a directional control device for controlling movements of a cursor, wherein the directional control device initiates cursor movements when actuated and does not effect cursor movements when released, the computer system further having a video display device, the video display device having a screen displaying a plurality of controls, a method for positioning the cursor on the screen of the video display device, the method comprising the steps of:

identifying a location on the screen that the cursor points to;

determining a lost direction of cursor movement path, wherein the last direction of cursor movement path identifies a direction that the cursor was moving immediately prior to a release of the directional control device;

for each control, determining a control path and a length of the control path, the control path connecting the identified location and the control, and calculating an angle formed between the control path and the last direction of movement path;

determining a number of valid resting position controls from the plurality of controls;

for each of the plurality of controls, calculating a weighted distance as a function of the length of the determined control path, the calculated control angle, and a weighting parameter that sets a relative weight of the calculated control angle with respect to the length of the determined control path in the calculation of the weighted distance; and

positioning the cursor on the valid resting position control having the smallest calculated weighted distance.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the step of determining a number of valid resting position controls comprises the steps of:

specifying a skip angle; and

identifying as a valid resting position control only those controls which have a calculated angle which is less than the skip angle.

4. In a computer system having a directional control device for controlling movements of a cursor, wherein the directional control device initiates cursor movements when actuated and does not effect cursor movements when released, the computer system further having a video display device, the video display device having a screen displaying a plurality of controls, a method for positioning the cursor on the screen of the video display device, the method comprising the steps of:

identifying a location on the screen that the cursor points to;

determining a last direction of cursor movement path, wherein the last direction of cursor movement path identifies a direction that the cursor was moving immediately prior to a release of the directional control device;

for each control, calculating an absolute distance for a control path, the control path connecting the identified location and the control, and calculating an angle formed between the control path and the last direction of movement path;

determining a number of valid controls from the plurality of controls, wherein for a control to be a valid control the control must lie within a maximum distance of the identified screen location to which the cursor points and within a maximum angle from the identified direction that the cursor was moving, and wherein each valid control corresponds to a currently displayed and active control maintained by an executing application program;

selecting an angle importance value;

for each valid control, calculating a weighted distance;

wherein the selected angle importance value sets an importance given to the calculated angle relative to the calculated absolute distance in the weighted distance calculations;

determining the smallest weighted distance; and

positioning the cursor on the control associated with the smallest weighted distance.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of determining a number of valid controls comprises the steps of:

selecting a skip angle value; and

identifying as a valid control only those controls which have a calculated angle which is less than the skip angle value.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of determining a number of valid controls comprises the step of:

selecting a skip distance value; and

identifying as a valid control only those controls which have a calculated absolute distance which is less than the skip distance value.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein the absolute distance is a Euclidean distance.

8. The method of claim 4 wherein the step determining a number of valid controls comprises the steps of:

selecting a skip angle value;

selecting a skip distance value; and

identifying as a valid control only those controls which have a calculated absolute distance which is less than the skip distance value.

9. An apparatus for positioning a cursor on a video display device, the apparatus including:

a plurality of controls wherein each control is displayed on a screen of a video display device;

a computer wherein the computer is coupled to the video display device;

a memory area within the computer;

a directional control device for moving the cursor on the screen of the video display device, the directional control device being coupled to the computer;

a control angle identifier for storing a control angle in the memory area, the control angle defining a respective angle formed between a last direction of cursor movement path and a respective control path and wherein the control angle is stored within the memory area;

a control distance identifier for storing a control distance in the memory area, the control distance defining a respective absolute distance between a current cursor position and a respective control; and

a control manager for determining an ideal control from the plurality of controls and for automatically positioning the cursor on the determined ideal control, the control manager being contained in the memory area, wherein the control manager comprises a weighted distance calculator for calculating weighted distances for each of the plurality of controls, wherein the weighted distance calculator calculates the weighted distances using the absolute distances and the control angles as parameters, wherein the weighted distance calculator uses an angle importance value that sets a weight to be given to the control angles relative to the absolute distances in the weighted distance calculations.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further including:

a skip angle identifier for storing a threshold angle value in the memory area, the threshold angle value being used for comparison with the control angle; and

wherein the control manager removes from consideration as a resting position for the cursor, any control having a control angle which is greater than the skip angle.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, further including:

a skip distance identifier for identifying a threshold distance value for comparison with the control distance and wherein the control manager removes from consideration as a final resting position for the cursor, any control having a control distance which is greater than the skip distance.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, further including:

an operating system, the operating system being contained in the memory areas and wherein the operating system includes the control manager.

13. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the operating system includes:

a device driver coupled between the computer and the video display device and wherein the control manager is contained within the device driver.

14. An apparatus for positioning a cursor on a video display device, the video display device being coupled to a computer system, the computer system having a directional control device, the video display device displaying a plurality of controls, the apparatus including:

a memory contained within the computer system;

an absolute distance identifier contained within the memory of the computer system, wherein the absolute distance identifier stores an absolute distance of a control path, the control path connecting a current cursor position to one of the plurality of controls;

a control angle identifier contained within the memory of the computer system, wherein the control angle identifier stores an angle formed between the control path and a last direction of cursor movement path;

a calculating device contained within the memory computer system for calculating a weighted distance, the weighted distance identifying a distance from the current cursor position to one of the plurality of controls, and wherein the calculating device calculates the weighted distance using the absolute distance and the control angle as parameters, wherein the calculating device uses an angle importance value that sets a weight to be given to the control angle relative to the absolute distance in the weighted distance calculations; and

a positioning device contained within the memory of the computer system for positioning the cursor on an ideal control, the ideal control being one of the plurality of controls and the ideal control having a weighted distance which is smaller than that of every other control.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, the apparatus further including:

a skip angle value contained within the memory of the computer system; and

an invalid angle designator contained within the memory of the computer system, wherein the invalid angle designator designates each control whose calculated angle is more than the skip angle value as an invalid resting point for the cursor.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, the apparatus further including:

a skip distance value contained within the memory of the computer system; and

an invalid distance designator contained within the memory of the computer system, wherein the invalid distance designator designates each control whose absolute distance is more than the skip distance value as an invalid resting point for the cursor.

17. In a computer system having a directional control device for controlling movements of a cursor, wherein the directional control device initiates cursor movements when actuated and does not effect cursor movements when released, the computer system further having a video display device, the video display device having a screen displaying a plurality of controls, a method for positioning the cursor on the screen of the video display device, the method comprising the steps of:

identifying a location on the screen that the cursor points to;

determining, relative to the identified location, a direction of cursor movement;

for each control, determining, relative to the identified location, a direction to the control;

for each control, calculating an angle formed between the determined direction of cursor movement and the determined direction to the control;

for each control, calculating, relative to the identified location, a distance to the control; and

for each control, calculating a weighted distance for the control as a function of (a) the calculated angle, (b) the calculated distance, and (c) a weighting value that sets a weight to be given to the calculated angle relative to the calculated distance in the weighted distance calculation;

identifying a control having a smallest calculated weighted distance as an ideal control; and

positioning the cursor on the ideal control when the directional control device is released.

18. A computer-readable storage device containing instructions for controlling a computer system to position a cursor on one of a plurality of controls, the plurality of controls being displayed on a screen of the computer system, the computer system having only a positioning device for controlling cursor movements, and wherein the positioning device initiates cursor movements when actuated and terminates cursor movements when released, the cursor positioned on one of the plurality of controls by the steps of:

determining a current cursor position;

identifying a last direction of cursor movement path;

for each of the plurality of controls, (1) determining a control path and a control angle, the control path being a path connecting the current cursor position to a respective control, and the control angle being an angle formed between the last direction of cursor movement path and the control path, and (2) calculating a weighted distance as a function of a length of the determined control path, the determined control angle, and a weighting factor that sets a relative weight of the determined control angle with respect to the length of the determined control path in the calculation of the weighted distance;

determining a smallest weighted distance from the calculated weighted distances; and

automatically positioning the cursor on the control having the determined smallest weighted distance.

19. A computer-readable storage device containing instructions for controlling a computer system to position a cursor on a screen of a video display device of a computer system having a directional control device for controlling movements of a cursor, wherein the video display device displays a plurality of controls on the screen, and wherein the directional control device initiates cursor movements when actuated and does not effect cursor movements when released, the cursor positioned on the screen of the video display device by the steps of:

identifying a location on the screen that the cursor points to;

determining a last direction of cursor movement path, and a length of the control path wherein the last direction of cursor movement path identifies a direction that the cursor was moving immediately prior to a release of the directional control device;

for each control, determining a control path, the control path connecting the identified location and the control, and calculating an angle formed between the control path and the last direction of movement path;

determining a number of valid resting position controls from the plurality of controls;

for each of the plurality of controls, calculating a weighted distance as a function of the length of the determined control path, the calculated control angle, and a weighting factor that acts a relative weight of the calculated control angle with respect to the length of the determined control path in the calculation of the weighted distance; and

positioning the cursor on the valid resting position control having the smallest calculated weighted distance.

20. A computer-readable storage device containing instructions for controlling a computer system to position a cursor on a screen of a video display device of a computer system having a directional control device for controlling movements of a cursor, wherein the video display device displays a plurality of controls on the screen, and wherein the directional control device initiates cursor movements when actuated and does not effect cursor movements when released, the cursor positioned on the screen of the video display device by the steps of:

identifying a location on the screen that the cursor points;

determining a last direction of cursor movement path, wherein the last direction of cursor movement path identifies a direction that the cursor was moving immediately prior to a release of the directional control device;

for each control, calculating an absolute distance for a control path, the control path connecting the identified location and the control, and calculating an angle formed between the control path and the last direction of movement path;

determining a number of valid controls from the plurality of controls, wherein a valid control lies within a maximum distance of the identified screen location that the cursor points to and within a maximum angle from the identified direction that the cursor was moving, and wherein a valid control corresponds to a currently displayed and active control maintained by an executing application program;

for each of the plurality of valid controls, calculating a weighted distance as a function of the length of the determined control path, the calculated control angle, and a weighting factor that sets a relative weight of the calculated control angle with a respect to the length of the determined control path in the calculation of the weighted distance; and

determining the smallest weighted distance; and

positioning the cursor on the control associated with the smallest weighted distance.