Fingerprint detector using ridge resistance sensor

• US 5,864,296 A
• Filed: 05/19/1997
• Issued: 01/26/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: TRW Limited (Zeppelin - Stiftung der Stadt Friedrichshafen)
• Inventors: Upton, Eric L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Horabik, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dalencourt, Yves
• Application Number:
  US08/858,836
• Time in Patent Office: 617 Days
• Field of Search: 340/825.3, 340/825.31, 340/825.34, 382/124, 382/116, 382/125, 382/127, 178/18, 178/17 D, 345/173, 345/174, 345/179
• US Class Current: 340/5.53
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1306 non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1335 Combining adjacent partial images (e.g. slices) to create a composite input or reference pattern; Tracking a sweeping finger movement
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/257 electronically G07C9/26 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/26 using a biometric sensor integrated in the pass

Abstract

A technique for detecting and verifying a fingerprint includes a skin resistance sensing array for translating the skin resistance of a fingertip into an electrical signal. The fingertip is moved relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a first linear direction for producing a reference trajectory signal which is stored into a memory. The fingertip is again moved relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a second linear direction for producing a sample trajectory signal. The second linear direction of movement is offset from the first linear direction of movement by a predetermined angle. A processor is provided for performing a set of functions on the reference trajectory signal and the sample trajectory signal. The sample trajectory signal is correlated with the reference trajectory signal for producing a verification signal related to the probability that the fingertip generated both the sample trajectory signal and the reference trajectory signal.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and verifying a fingerprint comprising the steps of:

providing a skin resistance sensing array, the skin resistance sensing array translating skin resistance of a fingertip into an electrical signal;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a first linear direction for producing a reference trajectory signal;

storing the reference trajectory signal in a memory;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a second linear direction for producing a sample trajectory signal, the second linear direction being offset from the first linear direction by a predetermined angle;

providing a processor for performing a set of functions on the reference trajectory signal and the sample trajectory signal;

correlating the sample trajectory signal with the reference trajectory signal; and

producing a verification signal related to the probability that the fingertip generated both the sample trajectory signal and the reference trajectory signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is an acute angle.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is 90 degrees.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes a plurality of sensing elements.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes twelve sensing elements for producing the skin resistance trajectory signals for processing by a verification algorithm.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes two sensing elements for generating a velocity function.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the set of functions includes generating an intersection matrix of common data points relating to the reference trajectory signal and the sample trajectory signal.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of correlating the signals includes correlating the common data points of the sample trajectory signal with the reference trajectory signal.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the step of correlating the signals includes performing a matched filter algorithm.

10. A method for detecting and verifying a fingerprint comprising the steps of:

providing a fingerprint verification terminal;

providing a skin resistance sensing array coupled to the fingerprint verification terminal, the skin resistance sensing array translating skin resistance of a fingertip into an electrical signal;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a first linear direction for producing a reference trajectory signal;

encoding the reference trajectory signal onto a data carrier card;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a second linear direction for producing a sample trajectory signal, the second linear direction being offset from the first linear direction by a predetermined angle;

reading the reference trajectory signal from the data carrier card into a memory;

providing a processor for performing a set of functions on the reference trajectory signal and the sample trajectory signal;

correlating the sample trajectory signal with the reference trajectory signal; and

producing a verification signal related to the probability that the fingertip generated both the sample trajectory signal and the reference trajectory signal.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is an acute angle.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is 90 degrees.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes a plurality of sensing elements.

14. The method of claim 10 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes twelve sensing elements for producing the skin resistance trajectory signals for use by a verification algorithm.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes two sensing elements for generating a velocity function.

16. A method for detecting and verifying a fingerprint comprising the steps of:

providing a skin resistance sensing array, the skin resistance sensing array translating skin resistance of a fingertip into an electrical signal, and further including a plurality of sensing elements, at least two of the sensing elements being used for generating a velocity function;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a first linear direction for producing a reference trajectory signal;

storing the reference trajectory signal in a memory;

moving the fingertip relative to the skin resistance sensing array in a second linear direction for producing a sample trajectory signal, the second linear direction being offset from the first linear direction by a predetermined angle;

providing a processor for generating an intersection matrix of common data points relating to the reference trajectory signal and the sample trajectory signal;

correlating the common data points of the sample trajectory signal with the reference trajectory signal; and

producing a verification signal related to the probability that the fingertip generated both the sample trajectory signal and the reference trajectory signal.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is an acute angle.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein the predetermined angle of offset between the first linear direction and the second linear direction is 90 degrees.

19. The method of claim 16 wherein the skin resistance sensing array includes twelve sensing elements for producing the skin resistance trajectory signals for processing by a verification algorithm.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein the step of correlating the signals includes performing a matched filter algorithm.