Method and apparatus for receive beamformer system

• US 5,882,307 A
• Filed: 01/24/1997
• Issued: 03/16/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/05/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Acuson Corporation (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Acuson Corporation (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Gee, Albert, Cole, Christopher R., Wright, J. Nelson
• Primary Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US08/791,105
• Time in Patent Office: 781 Days
• Field of Search: 600/442, 600/443, 73/599, 73/631, 367/98
• US Class Current: 600/442
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/89 for mapping or imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/89 for mapping or imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8918 the array being linear
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8927 using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8979 Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8988 Colour Doppler imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8997 using synthetic aperture techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52023 Details of receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52026 Extracting wanted echo signals Doppler systems G01S15/50; Doppler short range imaging systems G01S15/8979
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52034 Data rate converters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52046 Techniques for image enhancement involving transmitter or receiver image enhancement by image data processing G06T5/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52049 using correction of medium-induced phase aberration
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5205 Means for monitoring or calibrating
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5206 Two-dimensional coordinated display of distance and direction; B-scan display
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52066 Time-position or time-motion displays
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52071 Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52085 Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences control of medical diagnostic ultrasound devices A61B8/54
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5209 using multibeam transmission
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52095 using multiline receive beamforming
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/341 Circuits therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/345 : using energy switching from one active element to another
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/346 : using phase variation

Abstract

The present invention includes a fully programmable plurality of multi-channel receivers, each receiver having a digital multi-channel receive processor and a local processor control. Each receive processor includes a first decimator, time delay memory, second decimator, and complex multiplier. The receive beamformer is a computationally efficient system which is programmable to allow processing mode trade-offs among receive frequency, receive spatial range resolution, and number of simultaneous beams received. Each local control receives focusing data from a central control computer and provides final calculation of per-channel dynamic focus delay, phase, apodization, and calibration values for each receiver signal sample. Further, this invention includes a baseband multi-beam processor which has a phase aligner and a baseband filter for making post-beamformation coherent phase adjustments and signal shaping, respectively. The phase aligner maintains scan-line-to-scan-line coherency, such as would be required for coherent image formation. Accordingly, the present system can operate under multiple imaging formats, using a variety of transducers and a variety of modes such as B-mode, M-mode, and color Doppler flow mode.

Claims

1. An ultrasound receive beamformer processor for use in an ultrasound receive beamformer and operative to process a first signal received after passage through media comprising:

a phase rotator in the receive beamformer processor for adjusting phase of the first signal; and

a frequency and phase angle generator for providing a second signal which is applied to said phase rotator to account for attenuation of the first signal due to passage of the first signal through the media;

said second signal formed independently of any time-varying gain applied by the receive beamformer to compensate for attenuation with depth.

2. The processor of claim 1 wherein:

said generator provides an arbitrary frequency-vs-time profile to account for attenuation.

3. The processor of claim 1 wherein:

said generator provides at least one of the following frequency-vs-time profiles;

(a) a decreasing frequency followed by one of an increasing frequency over time or a fixed frequency over time;

(b) a fixed frequency over time; and

(c) a decreasing frequency over time.

4. The processor of claim 1 including:

a memory for storing data which define the second signal;

and further wherein said generator generates frequency-vs-time profiles from the data.

5. The processor of claim 3 wherein:

said processor stores at least one of the following parameters in order to define the frequency-vs-time profiles;

start frequency, frequency limit, frequency downslope, frequency upslope and frequency break time.

6. The processor of claim 3 wherein:

said processor stores parameters in order to define frequency-vs-time profiles.

7. The processor of claim 1 wherein

said phase rotator unit provides a phase correction value comprised of a demodulation phase value and a fine time delay approximated as a phase shift value;

and wherein said generator provides said second signal to the phase rotator unit for providing a phase adjustment value so that said second signal can be used to calculate at least one of the demodulation phase value and the fine time delay approximated as a phase shift value.

8. The processor of claim 7 wherein:

said generator can provide one of the following frequency-vs-time profiles;

(a) a decreasing frequency followed by one of an increasing frequency over time or a fixed frequency over time;

(b) a fixed frequency over time; and

(c) a decreasing frequency over time;

to calculate the demodulation phase values.

9. The processor of claim 1 wherein the beamformer processor can process simultaneous receive beams with the first signal having components associated with at least two of the receive beams, each component having a different carrier frequency, and wherein:

said generator provides said second signal for each beam dependent on a carrier frequency associated with that beam.

10. The processor of claim 1 wherein:

said generator is programmable in order to be able to selectively provide a multiplicity of said second signals which include a multiplicity of frequency-vs-time profiles.

11. The processor of claim 1 wherein the generator provides the second signal as a function of time.

12. An ultrasound receive beamformer processor for use in an ultrasound receive beamformer and operative to process a first signal received after passage through media comprising:

a phase rotator in the receive beamformer processor for adjusting phase of the first signal; and

means for providing a second signal as a function of time to the phase rotator to account for attenuation of the first signal due to passage of the first signal through the media.

13. The processor of claim 12 wherein said providing means provides the second signal independently of any time-varying gain applied by the receive beamformer to compensate for attenuation with depth.

14. The processor of claim 12 wherein said providing means provides the second signal with at least one of the following frequency-vs-time profiles:

(a) a decreasing frequency followed by one of an increasing frequency over time or a fixed frequency over time;

(b) a fixed frequency over time; and

(c) a decreasing frequency over time.