Transceiver for extending a CSMA/CD network for wireless communication

• US 5,917,629 A
• Filed: 10/29/1990
• Issued: 06/29/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Winbom, Haaken B., Hortensius, Peter Dirk
• Primary Examiner(s): BACARES, RAFAEL D
• Application Number:
  US07/605,052
• Time in Patent Office: 3,165 Days
• Field of Search: 359/113, 359/114, 359/124, 359/125, 359/135, 359/136, 359/137, 359/140, 359/152, 359/153, 359/161, 359/158, 359/165, 359/172, 359/123, 370/85.2, 370/85.3, 370/94.1
• US Class Current: 398/99
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/14 in which the signals are sent back to the transmitter to be checked ; echo systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/243 at the transmitter, using a loop-back
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/08 Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA hybrid access H04W74/02

Abstract

Apparatus and method for interfacing a wired communications network (12) to a wireless communications network (13). Both networks operate with a CSMA protocol. An interface unit (16) includes circuitry (28) for bidirectionally interfacing to the wired medium for transmitting messages thereto and for receiving messages therefrom. The interface unit also includes circuitry (29, 22, 24, 26) for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless medium for transmitting messages thereto and for receiving messages therefrom. The interface unit further includes logic (28) for bidirectionally routing messages received from the wired medium to the wireless medium and for routing messages received from the wireless medium to the wired medium. A further feature of the interface unit is a collision detector (30), responsive to the reception of a rebroadcast wireless transmission, for comparing the transmitted message to the received rebroadcast message to determine if a collision has occurred.

Claims

1. A method for operating data processing means coupled to a communication network, comprising the steps of:

transmitting a message from a first network node over a wireless medium, the message being addressed to a second network node;

receiving the transmitted message with means for interfacing the wireless network medium to a wired medium having a physical conductor for conveying the message;

retransmitting with the interface means, as the message is received, the received message to the wired medium;

retransmitting with the interface means, as the message is received, the received message to the wireless medium;

receiving the retransmitted message with the first network node; and

comparing, with the first network node, the message being transmitted with the received retransmitted message to determine if they are the same and, if not, determining that a collision has occurred.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein messages transmitted over the wireless medium from the first network node to the interface means are transmitted at a first wavelength, and wherein messages transmitted over the wireless medium from the interface means to the first network node are transmitted at a second wavelength that differs from the first wavelength, and wherein the first and the second wavelengths are each greater than 700 nanometers.

3. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein messages transmitted to the wired network and to the wireless network are transmitted in accordance with a CSMA/CD protocol.

4. A method as set forth in claim 1 wherein if it is determined that a collision has occurred, the method includes a further step of asserting a collision detected condition upon the wired medium and upon the wireless medium.

5. A method for operating data processing means coupled to a communication network, comprising the steps of:

transmitting a message from a first network node over a wired medium having a physical conductor for conveying the message, the message being addressed to a second network node;

receiving the transmitted message with means for interfacing the wired medium to a wireless medium;

transmitting with the interface means, as the message is received, the received message to the wireless medium;

receiving the message over the wireless medium with at least one network node;

if the message is addressed to a network node that receives the message over the wireless medium,

retransmitting the received message with the addressed node over the wireless medium, the message being retransmitted as received;

receiving the retransmitted message with the interface means; and

comparing, with the interface means, the message being transmitted with the received retransmitted message to determine if they are the same and, if not, determining that a collision has occurred.

6. A method as set forth in claim 5 wherein messages transmitted over the wireless medium from the network node to the interface means are transmitted at a first wavelength, and wherein messages transmitted over the wireless medium from the interface means to the network node are transmitted at a second wavelength that differs from the first wavelength, and wherein the first and the second wavelengths are each greater than 700 nanometers.

8. A method as set forth in claim 5 wherein messages transmitted to the wired network and to the wireless network are transmitted in accordance with a CSMA/CD protocol.

9. A method as set forth in claim 5 wherein if it is determined that a collision has occurred, the method includes a further step of asserting a collision detected condition upon the wired medium and upon the wireless medium.

7. A method for operating data processing means coupled to a communication network, comprising the steps of:

transmitting a message from a first network node over a wired medium having a physical conductor for conveying the message, the message being addressed to a second network node;

receiving the transmitted message with means for interfacing the wired medium to a wireless medium;

transmitting with the interface means, as the message is received, the received message to the wireless medium;

receiving the message over the wireless medium with at least one network node;

if the message is addressed to a network node that receives the message over the wireless medium,

retransmitting the received message with the addressed node over the wireless medium, the message being retransmitted as received;

receiving the retransmitted message with the interface means; and

comparing, with the interface means, the message being transmitted with the received retransmitted message to determine if they are the same and, if not, determining that a collision has occurred;

wherein the step of comparing includes the initial steps of determining an amount of delay between the transmission of the message to the wireless medium and the reception of the retransmitted message; and

aligning transmitted bits with corresponding received bits so that the bits can be compared.

10. Apparatus for interfacing a wired communications network to a wireless communications network each of which operates with a same communications protocol, comprising:

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wired medium for transmitting messages to the wired medium and for receiving messages from the wired medium, the wired medium having a physical conductor for conveying the message;

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless medium for transmitting messages to the wire less medium and for receiving messages from the wireless medium;

means for bidirectionally routing messages received from the wired medium to the wireless medium and for routing messages received from the wireless medium to the wired medium; and

means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless medium, for receiving a rebroadcast message from the wireless medium and for comparing the transmitted message to the received rebroadcast message to determine if a collision has occurred.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein the means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless medium includes means for receiving optical radiation having a first wavelength and for transmitting optical radiation at a second wavelength that differs from the first wavelength.

12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 11 wherein the first and the second wavelengths are each longer than 700 nm.

14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein messages transmitted to the wired network and to the wireless network are transmitted in accordance with a CSMA/CD protocol.

15. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein the comparing means includes means, coupled to the means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wired medium and also to the means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless medium, for asserting a collision detected condition upon the wired medium and upon the wireless medium.

13. Apparatus for interfacing a wired communications network to a wireless communications network each of which operates with a same communications protocol, comprising:

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wired medium for transmitting messages to the wired medium and for receiving messages from the wired medium, the wired medium having a physical conductor for conveying the message;

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless medium for transmitting messages to the wireless medium and for receiving messages from the wireless medium;

means for bidirectionally routing messages received from the wired medium to the wireless medium and for routing messages received from the wireless medium to the wired medium; and

means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless medium, for receiving a rebroadcast message from the wireless medium and for comparing the transmitted message to the received rebroadcast message to determine if a collision has occurred;

wherein said comparing means is comprised of,

means for determining an amount of delay between the transmission of the message to the wireless medium and the reception of the rebroadcast message;

means for temporarily storing at least a portion of the transmitted message; and

means, responsive to the operation of the delay determining means, for aligning the stored transmitted message with the received rebroadcast message so that they can be correctly compared one to another.

16. A data communications network that operates in accordance with a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) technique, comprising:

a first network portion comprising a physical communications medium having at least one first device bidirectionally interfaced to the physical communications medium;

a second network portion comprising a wireless communications medium having at least one second device bidirectionally interfaced to the wireless communications medium;

means for interfacing said first network portion to said second network portion, said interfacing means comprising means for bidirectionally interfacing to the physical communications medium for transmitting messages to the physical communications medium and for receiving messages from the physical communications medium;

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless communications medium for transmitting, with a first wavelength, messages to the wireless medium and for receiving, with a second wavelength, messages from the wireless communications medium;

means for coupling a message received from the wireless communications medium to said means for transmitting to the wireless communications medium for re-transmitting to the wireless communications medium a message as the message is received from the wireless communications medium; and

means for bidirectionally routing messages received from the physical communications medium to the wireless communications medium and for routing messages received from the wireless communications medium to the physical communications medium;

wherein

said at least one second device that is interfaced to the wireless communications medium is comprised of means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless communications medium for transmitting, with the second wavelength, messages to the wireless medium and for receiving, with the first wavelength, messages from the wireless communications medium;

means for coupling a message received from the wireless communications medium to said means for transmitting to the wireless communications medium for re-transmitting to the wireless communications medium a message as the message is received from the wireless communications medium; and

means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless communications medium, for receiving a corresponding re-transmitted message over the wireless communications medium from said interfacing means and for comparing the transmitted message to the received re-transmitted message to determine if a collision has occurred on the wireless communications medium; and

wherein

said interfacing means includes means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless communications medium, for receiving a corresponding re-transmitted message over the wireless communications medium from said second device and for comparing the transmitted message to the received re-transmitted message to determine if a collision has occurred on the wireless communications medium.

18. A data communications network as set forth in claim 16 wherein each of said first and said second wavelengths are within a band of wavelengths associated with infrared radiation.

17. A data communications network that operates in accordance with a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) technique, comprising:

a first network portion comprising a physical communications medium having at least one first device bidirectionally interfaced to the physical communications medium;

a second network portion comprising a wireless communications medium having at least one second device bidirectionally interfaced to the wireless communications medium;

means for interfacing said first network portion to said second network portion, said interfacing means comprising means for bidirectionally interfacing to the physical communications medium for transmitting messages to the physical communications medium and for receiving messages from the physical communications medium;

means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless communications medium for transmitting, with a first wavelength, messages to the wireless medium and for receiving, with a second wavelength, messages from the wireless communications medium;

means for coupling a message received from the wireless communications medium to said means for transmitting to the wireless communications medium for re-transmitting to the wireless communications medium a message as the message is received from the wireless communications medium; and

means for bidirectionally routing messages received from the physical communications medium to the wireless communications medium and for routing messages received from the wireless communications medium to the physical communications medium;

wherein

said at least one second device that is interfaced to the wireless communications medium is comprised of means for bidirectionally interfacing to the wireless communications medium for transmitting, with the second wavelength, messages to the wireless medium and for receiving, with the first wavelength, messages from the wireless communications medium;

means for coupling a message received from the wireless communications medium to said means for transmitting to the wireless communications medium for re-transmitting to the wireless communications medium a message as the message is received from the wireless communications medium; and

means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless communications medium, for receiving a corresponding re-transmitted message over the wireless communications medium from said interfacing means and for comparing the transmitted message to the received re-transmitted message to determine if a collision has occurred on the wireless communications medium; and

wherein

said interfacing means includes means, responsive to a message transmitted to the wireless communications medium, for receiving a corresponding re-transmitted message over the wireless communications medium from said second device and for comparing the transmitted message to the received re-transmitted message to determine if a collision has occurred on the wireless communications medium;

wherein each of said comparing means is comprised of;

means for determining an amount of delay between the transmission of the message to the wireless communications medium and the reception of the re-transmitted message from the wireless communications medium;

means for temporarily storing at least a portion of the transmitted message; and

means, responsive to the operation of the delay determining means, for aligning the stored transmitted message with the received re-transmitted message so that they can be correctly compared one to another.