System and method for electronic inventory

• US 6,002,344 A
• Filed: 11/21/1997
• Issued: 12/14/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Symbol Technologies, LLC (Zebra Technologies Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Michael R. Arneson, Robert A. Williams, William R. Bandy
• Inventors: Bandy, William R., Williams, Robert A., Arneson, Michael R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stamber, Eric W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Myhre, James W.
• Application Number:
  US08/975,969
• Time in Patent Office: 753 Days
• Field of Search: 705/22, 705/23, 705/28, 340/825.54
• US Class Current: 340/10.2
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10039 interrogator driven, i.e. synchronous
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/203 Inventory monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/208 Input by product or record sensing, e.g. weighing or scanner processing
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2417 having a radio frequency identification chip

Abstract

A system and method for conducting an inventory of tags, wherein each tag is assigned a Tag ID and a manufacturer number. Each tag can be attached to an item to take inventory of those items. A tag reader transmits a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal. Each tag increments a first tag count in response to the clock signals, and transmits the Tag ID assigned to the tag when the first tag count corresponds to the Tag ID assigned to the tag. The tag reader records the transmitted Tag IDs. When more than one tag transmits simultaneously, the tag stores the Tag ID in order to resolve the contention when the first read cycle is complete. In the second read cycle, the tag reader transmits the contended Tag ID followed by at least one clock signal. Each tag that contended for the transmitted Tag ID increments a second tag count in response to the clock signals, and transmits the manufacturer number assigned to the tag when the second tag count corresponds to the manufacturer number assigned to the tag. The tag reader records the transmitted Tag IDs, completing the inventory of the tags.

Claims

1. A method for conducting an inventory of passenger bags, wherein a bag tag is attached to each bag and each bag tag is permanently assigned a tag identification number (Tag ID) and a manufacturer number, the method comprising the steps of:

at a tag reader, transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one first clock signal;

at each bag tag,

incrementing a first tag count in response to said at least one first clock signal, and

transmitting the Tag ID assigned to said each bag tag when said Tag ID of said each bag tag corresponds to said first tag count;

at said tag reader,

incrementing a first reader count in response to said at least one first clock signal,

storing a given first reader count when more than one bag tag responds to one of said at least one clock first signal that corresponds to said given first reader count, and

transmitting said given first reader count followed by at least one second clock signal; and

at each bag tag that responded to said one of said at least one first clock signal that corresponds to said given first reader count,

incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and

transmitting the manufacturer number assigned to said each bag tag that responded to said one of said at least one first clock signal that corresponds to said given first reader count when said manufacturer number of said each bag tag corresponds to said second count.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein a ticket tag is attached to each passenger'"'"'s ticket and each ticket tag is permanently assigned the Tag ID and the manufacturer number of the bag tag attached to the passenger'"'"'s bag, further comprising the steps of:

conducting an inventory of the ticket tags according to the method of claim 1; and

comparing said inventory of ticket tags to the inventory of bag tags to ensure that each passenger and said each passenger'"'"'s bags board the same vehicle.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

each bag tag is permanently assigned a tag ID and a manufacturer number at the time of manufacture.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one bag tag includes a sensor, further comprising the step of:

at the at least one bag tag, transmitting the contents of said sensor.

5. A tag for use in conducting an inventory of passenger bags, wherein each bag is attached to a tag and each tag is permanently assigned a tag identification number (Tag ID) and a manufacturer number, the tag comprising:

means for receiving a wake-up signal followed by at least one first clock signal;

means for incrementing a first tag count in response to said at least one first clock signal;

means for transmitting the Tag ID assigned to the tag when said Tag ID corresponds to said first tag count;

means for receiving at least one second clock signal;

means for incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal; and

means for transmitting the manufacturer number assigned to the tag when said manufacturer number of said each tag corresponds to said second count.

6. The tag of claim 5, further comprising:

a sensor; and

means for transmitting the contents of said sensor.

7. A reader for conducting an inventory of passenger bags, wherein each bag is attached to a tag and each tag is permanently assigned a tag identification number (Tag ID) and a manufacturer number, the reader comprising:

means for transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal;

means for incrementing a first reader count in response to said at least one first clock signal,

means for receiving a Tag ID transmitted by a tag in response to one of said at least one first clock signal;

means for storing a given first reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one first clock signal that corresponds to said given first reader count;

means for transmitting said given first reader count followed by at least one second clock signal; and

means for receiving a manufacturer number transmitted by a tag in response to one of said at least one second clock signal.

8. A system for locating a tag, wherein each tag is assigned a permanent identification number and a permanent manufacturer number, the system comprising:

a tag reader configured to transmit a wake-up signal, a first time slot number corresponding to the permanent identification number of a tag to be located and a second time slot number corresponding to the permanent manufacturer number of a tag to be located; and

at least one tag that transmits, in response to receiving said first time slot number, said permanent identification number assigned to said at least one tag when said permanent identification number assigned to said at least one tag corresponds to said time slot number, wherein said at least one tag further transmits, in response to receiving said second time slot number, the permanent manufacturer number assigned to said at least one tag when the permanent manufacturer number assigned to said at least one tag corresponds to said second time slot number.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein each said tag is further assigned a permanent lot number, wherein said tag reader is further configured to transmit a third time slot number corresponding to the permanent lot number of a tag to be located, wherein said at least one tag transmits, in response to receiving said third time slot number, the permanent lot number assigned to said at least one tag corresponding to said third time slot number.

10. A method for locating a tag, wherein each tag is assigned a permanent identification number and a permanent manufacture number, the method comprising the steps of:

at a tag reader, transmitting a wake-up signal followed by a first time slot number corresponding to the permanent identification number of a tag to be located;

at each tag, transmitting a permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said permanent identification number assigned to said each tag corresponds to said time slot number;

at each said tag reader, transmitting a second time slot number corresponding to the permanent manufacturer number of a tag to be located; and

at each said tag whose permanent identification number matches said first time slot number, and in response to receiving said second time slot number, transmitting the permanent manufacturer number assigned to said tag when the permanent manufacturer number assigned to said tag corresponds to said second time slot number.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein each said tag is further assigned a permanent lot number, wherein the method further comprises the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting a third time slot number corresponding to the permanent lot number of a tag to be located; and

at each said tag whose permanent manufacturer number matches said second time slot number, and in response to receiving said third time slot number, transmitting the permanent lot number assigned to said tag when the permanent lot number assigned to said tag corresponds to said third time slot number.

12. A system for conducting an inventory of tags, wherein each tag is assigned a first permanent identification number and a second permanent identification number, the system comprising:

a tag reader having means for transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal and for incrementing a reader count in response to said at least one clock signal, means for storing a given reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one clock signal that corresponds to said given reader count, and means for transmitting said given reader count followed by at least one second clock signal; and

at least one tag, wherein each tag has,

means for incrementing a first tag count in response to said at least one clock signal,

means for transmitting the first permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said first tag count.

means for incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and

means for transmitting the second permanent identification number assigned to each said tag when the second permanent identification number of each said tag corresponds to said second tag count.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a tag read.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the duration of tag transmissions is fixed, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after the tag transmission duration has elapsed.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after a tag response time has elapsed, wherein said tag response time is the maximum duration of time between a tag reader transmission and the reception at said tag reader of a corresponding tag transmission.

16. The system of claim 12, wherein said at least one tag includes a sensor;

and means for transmitting the contents of said sensor.

17. The system of claim 12, wherein each tag is permanently assigned said first permanent identification number and said second permanent identification number at the time of manufacture.

18. The system of claim 12, wherein said permanent identification number is encrypted.

19. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

means for transmitting a charging signal, thereby energizing the tags.

20. The system of claim 12, wherein said tag reader includes means for indicating an error when said reader count does not correspond to said first permanent identification.

21. The system of claim 12, wherein corresponding ones of said first permanent identification number and said reader count are identical.

22. The system of claim 12, wherein said tag reader includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a second tag read.

23. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

at said tag reader, means for incrementing a second reader count in response to said at least one second clock signal.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein said tag reader includes means for indicating an error when said second reader count does not correspond to said second permanent identification number.

25. The system of claim 23, wherein said tag reader includes means for storing said given reader count and a given second reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one second clock signal that corresponds to said given second reader count.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein each tag is assigned a third permanent identification number, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting said given reader count and said given second reader count followed by at least one third clock signal;

wherein each said tag further includes,

means for incrementing a third tag count in response to said at least one third clock signal, and

means for transmitting the third permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said third permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said third tag count.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a third tag read.

28. The system of claim 26, wherein said tag reader further includes means for incrementing a third reader count in response to said at least one third clock signal.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein said tag reader further includes means for indicating an error when said third reader count does not correspond to said third permanent identification number.

30. A method for conducting an inventory of tags, wherein each tag is assigned a first permanent identification number and a second permanent identification number, the method comprising the steps of:

at a tag reader, transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal, incrementing

a reader count in response to said at least one clock signal, storing a given reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one clock signal that corresponds to said given reader count, and transmitting said given reader count followed by at least one second clock signal; and

at each tag,

incrementing a tag count in response to said at least one clock signal, and

transmitting the permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said tag count;

at each tag that responded to said at least one clock signal,

incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and

transmitting the second permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said second permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said second count.

31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a tag read.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein the duration of tag transmissions is fixed, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after the tag transmission duration has elapsed.

33. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after a tag response time has elapsed, wherein said tag response time is the maximum duration of time between a tag reader transmission and the reception at said tag reader of a corresponding tag transmission.

34. The method of claim 30, wherein:

each bag tag is permanently assigned a tag ID and a manufacturer number at the time of manufacture.

35. The method of claim 30, wherein at least one bag tag includes a sensor, further comprising the step of:

at the at least one bag tag, transmitting the contents of said sensor.

36. The method of claim 30, wherein said permanent identification number is encrypted.

37. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

transmitting a charging signal, thereby energizing the tags.

38. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, indicating an error when said reader count does not correspond to said permanent identification number.

39. The method of claim 30, wherein:

corresponding ones of said permanent identification number and said reader count are identical.

40. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a second tag read.

41. The method of claim 30, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, incrementing a second reader count in response to said at least one second clock signal.

42. The method of claim 41, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, indicating an error when said second reader count does not correspond to said second permanent identification number.

43. The method of claim 41, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, storing said given reader count and a given second reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one second clock signals that corresponds to said given second reader count.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein each tag is assigned a third permanent identification number, further comprising the steps of:

at said tag reader, transmitting said given reader count and said given second reader count followed by at least one third clock signal;

at each tag that responded to said one of said at least one second clock signal that corresponds to said given second reader count,

incrementing a third tag count in response to said at least one third clock signal, and

transmitting the third permanent identification number assigned to said each tag when said third permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said third tag count.

45. The method of claim 44, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a third tag read.

46. The method of claim 44, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, incrementing a third reader count in response to said at least one third clock signal.

47. The method of claim 46, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, indicating an error when said third reader count does not correspond to said third permanent identification number.

48. A system for conducting an inventory of tags, wherein each tag is assigned a first and a second permanent identification number, the system comprising:

a tag reader having,

means for transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal,

means for incrementing a reader count in response to said at least one clock signal,

means for storing a given reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one clock signal that corresponds to said given reader count,

means for recording said reader count when one of said response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said response signals,

means for transmitting said given reader count followed by at least one second clock signal,

means for incrementing a second reader count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and

means for recording said second reader count when one of said second response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said second response signals;

at least two tags, wherein each tag has,

means for incrementing a tag count in response to said at least one clock signal,

means for transmitting a response signal when said permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said tag count,

means for incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and

means for transmitting a second response signal when said second permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said second count.

49. The system of claim 48, wherein said tag reader includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a tag read.

50. The system of claim 48, wherein the duration of tag transmissions is fixed, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after the tag transmission duration has elapsed.

51. The system of claim 48, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after a tag response time has elapsed, wherein said tag response time is the maximum duration of time between a tag reader transmission and the reception at said tag reader of a corresponding tag transmission.

52. The system of claim 48, wherein each of said at least two tags include a sensor;

and means for transmitting the contents of said sensor.

53. The system of claim 48, further comprising:

means for transmitting a charging signal, thereby energizing the tags.

54. The system of claim 48, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a second tag read.

55. The system of claim 48, wherein said tag reader further includes means for storing said given reader count and a given second reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one second clock signal that corresponds to said given second reader count.

56. The system of claim 55, wherein each tag is assigned a third permanent identification number, wherein said tag reader further includes,

means for transmitting said given reader count and said given second reader count followed by at least one third clock signal, and

means for incrementing a third reader count in response to said at least one third clock signal;

wherein each tag further includes,

means for incrementing a third tag count in response to said at least one third clock signal, and

means for transmitting a third response signal when said third permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said third tag count; and

wherein said tag reader further includes means for recording said third reader count when one of said third response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said third response signals.

57. The system of claim 56, wherein said tag reader further includes means for transmitting an instruction to perform a third tag read.

58. A method for conducting an inventory of tags, wherein each tag is assigned a permanent identification number and a second permanent identification number, the method comprising the steps of:

at a tag reader,

transmitting a wake-up signal followed by at least one clock signal, and

incrementing a reader count in response to said at least one clock signal;

at each tag,

incrementing a tag count in response to said at least one clock signal, and

transmitting a response signal when said permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said tag count;

at said tag reader,

recording said reader count when one of said response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said response signals,

storing a given reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one clock signal that corresponds to said given reader count,

transmitting said given reader count followed by at least one second clock signal, and incrementing a second reader count in response to said at least one second clock signal;

at each tag that responded to said one of said at least one clock signal that corresponds to said given reader count,

incrementing a second tag count in response to said at least one second clock signal, and transmitting a second response signal when said second permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said second count; and

at said tag reader,

recording said second reader count when one of said second response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said second response signals.

59. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a tag read.

60. The method of claim 58, wherein the duration of tag transmissions is fixed, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after the tag transmission duration has elapsed.

61. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting a further one of said at least one clock signal after a tag response time has elapsed, wherein said tag response time is the maximum duration of time between a tag reader transmission and the reception at said tag reader of a corresponding tag transmission.

62. The method of claim 58, further comprising the steps of:

at each tag,

sensing an external condition; and

transmitting information regarding said external condition.

63. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of:

transmitting a charging signal, thereby energizing the tags.

64. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a second tag read.

65. The method of claim 58, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, storing said given reader count and a given second reader count when more than one tag responds to one of said at least one second clock signal that corresponds to said given second reader count.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein each tag is assigned a third permanent identification number, further comprising the steps of:

at said tag reader,

transmitting said given reader count and said given second reader count followed by at least one third clock signal, and

incrementing a third reader count in response to said at least one third clock signal;

at each tag that responded to said one of said at least one second clock signal that corresponds to said given second reader count,

incrementing a third tag count in response to said at least one third clock signal, and

transmitting a third response signal when said third permanent identification number of said each tag corresponds to said third tag count; and

at said tag reader,

recording said third reader count when one of said third response signals is received, thereby recording the presence of the tag that transmitted said one of said third response signals.

67. The method of claim 66, further comprising the step of:

at said tag reader, transmitting an instruction to perform a third tag read.