Automatic touch screen calibration

• US 6,016,140 A
• Filed: 10/29/1997
• Issued: 01/18/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Avaya Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Nortel Networks Corporation
• Inventors: Comeau, Guillaume, Blouin, Francois
• Primary Examiner(s): Shalwala, Bipin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kovalick, Vincent E.
• Application Number:
  US08/960,218
• Time in Patent Office: 811 Days
• Field of Search: 345/173, 345/174, 345/178, 178/18.02, 178/18.05
• US Class Current: 345/178
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0418 for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/045 using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact

Abstract

A system and method for automatically recalibrating a resistive touch screen. The resistance of a resistive touch screen layer is subject to change over time, while the resistance of silver bus bars connecting the resistive touch screen layer to analog-to-digital converter (ADC) elements is not. Calibration tables are used to convert an ADC count representing a voltage across the entire touch screen to an ADC count representing a percentage drop across the touch screen layer only. A new calibration table is generated periodically by measuring the current through the touch screen and using this to determine a new voltage drop across the touch screen layer only.

Claims

1. A method of recalibrating a resistive touch screen layer of a touch screen apparatus, the touch screen layer having a first bus bar with a constant resistance Rag1, and a second bus bar with a constant resistance Rag2, and a conductive layer between the two bus bars having a resistance Rito which is subject to change over time, wherein a voltage Vcc applied across Rag1, Rito and Rag2 results in voltage drops Vdrop1, Vito, and Vdrop2 across respective resistances Rag1, Rito and Rag2, wherein when the conductive layer is touched at a particular point, a voltage divider is created having a raw output which is a function of (Vdrop2+VB)/Vcc where VB is the voltage across a portion of Rito between Rag2 and the particular point, and wherein at least one initial parameter is stored in the touch screen apparatus which will permit the determination of Rag1 and Rag2, the method comprising the steps of:

measuring at least one calibration parameter which together with the at least one initial parameter will permit the computation of Vdrop1 and Vdrop2;

using the at least one calibration parameter to create a look-up table which maps a set of said output values, the set being a function of (Vdrop2+VB)/Vcc, onto a corrected set of output values, the corrected set being a function of VB/Vito.

2. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of measuring said initial parameter during an initial setup step.

3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one initial parameter comprises Rag1 and Rag2.

4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one initial parameter comprises initial values for Vdrop1 and Vdrop2.

5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one calibration parameter comprises the resistance Rito.

6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one calibration parameter comprises a resistance Rtotal which equals Rag1+Rag2+Rito.

7. A method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one calibration parameter comprises a measured current Imeas which flows through Rag1, Rito, and Rag2 due to Vcc.

8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the raw output is an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) count representation of the voltage Vdrop1+VB, the ADC count representation converting Vcc to an ADC-fullscale value.

9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the corrected output is an ADC count representation of the voltage VB, the ADC representation converting Vito to an ADC-fullscale value.

10. A method according to claim 9 further comprising the step of converting the corrected output into a coordinate measurement.

11. A method according to claim 1 further comprising the step of converting the corrected output into a coordinate measurement.

12. A method according to claim 1 wherein the touch screen apparatus has two such touch screen layers, one for determining an X axis measurement and another for determining a Y axis measurement, and wherein the recalibration method is performed twice, once for each touch screen layer.

13. A method according to claim 1 wherein the touch screen apparatus has two such touch screen layers, one for determining an X axis measurement and another for determining a Y axis measurement, and wherein an assumption is made that the change in Rito for each of the two layers over time is the same, the method further comprising the steps of:

based upon said assumption and the recalibration parameter measured for one of the two layers, deriving a recalibration parameter for the remaining layer;

performing twice the step of using the at least one calibration parameter to create a look-up table, once for each of the two layers.

14. A recalibratable resistive touch screen apparatus comprising a resistive touch screen layer having a first bus bar with a constant resistance Rag1, and a second bus bar with a constant resistance Rag2, and a conductive layer between the two bus bars having a resistance Rito which is subject to change over time, wherein a voltage Vcc applied across Rag1, Rito and Rag2 results in voltage drops Vdrop1, Vito, and Vdrop2 across respective resistances Rag1, Rito and Rag2,

an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) connected to produce a raw ADC count representative of a voltage across a portion of Rito and Rag2 when the conductive layer is touched at a particular point, the raw ADC count being a function of (Vdrop2+VB)/Vcc where VB is the voltage across the portion of Rito between Rag2 and the particular point,

a processing means connected to receive the raw ADC count;

means for initially storing at least one initial parameter which will permit the determination of Rag1 and Rag2;

means for measuring at least one calibration parameter which together with the at least one initial parameter will permit the computation of Vdrop1 and Vdrop2;

wherein the processing means is for using the at least one calibration parameter to create a look-up table which maps a set of said output values, the set being a function of (Vdrop2+VB)/Vcc, onto a corrected set of output values, the corrected set being a function of VB/Vito.

15. An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the at least one initial parameter comprises Rag1 and Rag2.

16. An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the at least one initial parameter comprises initial values for Vdrop1 and Vdrop2.

17. An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the at least one calibration parameter comprises the resistance Rito.

18. An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the at least one calibration parameter comprises a measured current Imeas which flows through Rag1, Rito, and Rag2 due to Vcc, the means for measuring the calibration parameter comprising a current meter.

19. An apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the corrected output is an ADC count representation of the voltage VB, the ADC representation converting Vito to an ADC-fullscale value.

20. An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the ADC converter has a fullscale reading of ADC-fullscale to which Vcc is converted, and the raw output is an ADC count representation of the voltage Vdrop1+VB.

21. A recalibratable resistive touch screen apparatus comprising:

a first resistive touch screen layer having a first bus bar with a constant resistance Rag1, and a second bus bar with a constant resistance Rag2, and a first conductive layer between the first and second bus bars having a resistance Rito1 which is subject to change over time, wherein a voltage Vcc applied across resistances Rag1, Rito1 and Rag2 results in voltage drops Vdrop1, Vito1, and Vdrop2 across respective resistances Rag1, Rito and Rag2,

a second resistive touch screen layer having a third bus bar with a constant resistance Rag3, and a fourth bus bar with a constant resistance Rag4, and a second conductive layer between the third and fourth bus bars having a resistance Rito2 which is subject to change over time, wherein a voltage Vcc applied across resistances Rag3, Rito2 and Rag4 results in voltage drops Vdrop3, Vito2, and Vdrop4 across respective resistances Rag3, Rito2 and Rag4, and wherein the third and fourth bus bars are parallel with each other and perpendicular with the first and second bus bars;

an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) connected to

1) produce a first raw ADC count representative of a first voltage across a portion of Rito1 and Rag2 when the first conductive layer is touched at a particular point while the voltage Vcc is applied there across, the first raw ADC count being a function of (Vdrop2+VB1)/Vcc where VB1 is the voltage across the portion of Rito between Rag2 and the particular point, and

2) produce a second raw ADC count representative of a second voltage across a portion of Rito2 and Rag4 when the second conductive layer is touched at said particular point while the voltage Vcc is applied there across, the second raw ADC count being a function of (Vdrop4+VB2)/Vcc where VB2 is the voltage across the portion of Rito2 between Rag4 and the particular point;

a processing means connected to receive the raw ADC counts;

means for initially storing at least a first initial parameter which will permit the determination of Rag1, Rag2, Rag3, and Rag4;

means for measuring at least one calibration parameter which together with the at least one initial parameter will permit the computation of Vdrop1, Vdrop2, Vdrop3, and Vdrop4;

wherein the processing means is for using the at least one calibration parameter to create a first look-up table which maps a set of said first raw ACD counts, the set being a function of (Vdrop2+VB1)/Vcc, onto a first corrected set of output values, the first corrected set being a function of VB1/Vito1, and to create a second look-up table which maps a set of said second raw ACD counts, the set being a function of (Vdrop4+VB2)/Vcc, onto a second corrected set of output values, the second corrected set being a function of VB2/Vito2.